超声乳化法制备纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒及壳聚糖表面改性

采用超声乳化法制备纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒,以壳聚糖作为表面活性剂,制备具有生物亲和性的水基Fe3O4磁流体.研究了Fe2+/Fe3+摩尔比、超声时间和表面活性剂用量对磁流体性能的影响.结果表明:当Fe2+/Fe3+摩尔比为1:1·5,滴加氨水时反应温度为70℃时,可制备理想纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒;超声时间为7·5min左右,质量分数1%的壳聚糖溶液体积占FeO溶液总体积的50%时,有利于壳聚糖分子的包覆,使磁流体具有较高的比饱和磁化强度及稳定性.     

表面活性剂二次包覆制备Fe3O4水基磁流体

以化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4磁性微粒,并以油酸为内层表面活性剂,分别以乳化剂-10(OP-10)、吐温-20(T-20)、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(Oπ-10)三种非离子型表面活性剂进行外层包覆,制备得到了双层表面活性剂修饰的Fe3O4水基磁流体。通过研究pH值、表面活性剂包覆温度、种类及用量对磁流体分散稳定性和磁性的影响,得到了能获得最佳性能的磁流体的实验条件,并用透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱、磁化率曲线进行表征,证明该条件下制得的二次包覆的Fe3O4磁流体饱和磁化率强度高且能在水中稳定分散。     

单分子层正癸酸包覆Fe_3O_4纳米粒子的研究

应用微乳液与 Fe2 + 和 Fe3 + 化学共沉淀的方法制备了正癸酸包覆的 Fe3 O4纳米粒子水基磁流体 .用光子相关光谱仪 ( PCS)、透射电镜 ( TEM)和 JDM- 3型振动样品磁强计对制得的水基磁流体进行了表征 .制备了单分子层正癸酸包覆的 Fe3 O4纳米粒子的固态样品 ,并利用 IR,TG,DTG与DSC考查了该固态样品的组成与性质 .发现用一步表面活性剂处理可以直接制得双层表面活性剂包覆的 Fe3 O4纳米粒子水基磁流体 .     

水/OP-正已醇/环已烷微乳液性能及Fe3O4粒子制备

利用水／OP-正已醇／环已烷微乳液作为反相胶束微反应器，通过调节微反应器中的溶水量，制备微米级的Fe2O4，并考察水／OP-正已醇／环已烷微乳液的性能。结果得到，微乳液法制备Fe2O4的最佳工艺条件为：表面活性剂OP与助表面活性剂环已醇之比为3：2，水相为Fe^2 ：Fe^3 =2：1的水溶液，乳化温度为30℃。该微乳液法制备Fe2O4的工艺设备简单，制得的粒子粒径较小，且可以通过调节溶水量来改变微液滴反应场的大小，进而控制产物微粒的大小，是制备性能良好Fe3O4微粒较好的体系。     

水基Fe3O4磁流体的制备和磁光特性

以FeSO44@7H 2O(AR),Fe(NO3)3@9H2O(AR),NH3@H2O(AR)为原料,用水热法制备纳米Fe3O44粒子;通过选用合适的分散剂来克服磁性颗粒的沉降,采用超声波分散的方法,制备在重力场和磁场中稳定性好的磁流体.研究了影响水基FeaO4磁流体性能的主要因素,得到最佳条件Fe(NO3)3@9H2O和FeSO4@7H2O的量比为1.75,水热反应温度为160℃,反应时间为5 h,1.5 g Fe3O4分散于100 mL水中所需分散剂的用量为0.75 mL.所制备的产物经XRD和粒度仪检测,结果表明产物为单一相的Fe3O44,水基Fe3O4磁流体体系的粒径在100nm以下.     

水基Fe3O4磁流体的制备和磁光特性

以FeSO4·7H2O(AR),Fe(NO3)3·9H2O(AR),NH3·H2O(AR)为原料,用水热法制备纳米Fe3O4粒子;通过选用合适的分散剂来克服磁性颗粒的沉降,采用超声波分散的方法,制备在重力场和磁场中稳定性好的磁流体.研究了影响水基Fe3O4磁流体性能的主要因素,得到最佳条件:Fe(NO3)3·9H2O和FeSO4·7H2O的量比为1.75,水热反应温度为160℃,反应时间为5h,1.5gFe3O4分散于100mL水中所需分散剂的用量为0.75mL.所制备的产物经XRD和粒度仪检测,结果表明:产物为单一相的Fe3O4,水基Fe3O4磁流体体系的粒径在100nm以下.     

水热法制备纳米Fe3O4的研究

本实验以尿素、铁盐、亚铁盐等为原料,采用水热法制备了纳米Fe3O4．通过一次回归正交设计研究和讨论了表面活性剂SDS用量、反应温度、反应时间、尿素用量对产物粒径的影响,并通过快速登高法寻优得到了最优工艺条件：表面活性剂SDS用量0．4g、反应温度118℃、反应时间2．1h,尿素用量10g．在最优条件下制备的产物经XRD、TEM和激光粒度分析仪检测得知,产物大部分为球形Fe3O4。平均粒径27nm．     

四氧化三铁磁流体的制备及性能分析

采用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4磁流体。以阴离子表面活性剂油酸钠对磁性颗粒进行包覆,分析了pH值、温度和Fe2+/Fe3+比例等制备条件对Fe3O4磁流体的影响。运用磁天平、粒度测试仪对磁流体的粒径和磁化率进行了测定,并用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等对磁流体进行了表征。实验和分析结果表明,所制备的磁流体具有超顺磁性,粒径约为16 nm,饱和磁化强度在73.8 emu/g以上。     

正癸酸包覆的Fe3O4水基磁流体的制备与性质研究

以NH3·H2O为沉淀剂,化学共沉淀微乳液中的Fe2 与Fe3 离子来制备正癸酸稳定的Fe3O4纳米粒子水基磁流体.用光子相关光谱仪测定了所得磁流体的粒径及其分布等.考察了搅拌时间、水体积、丙酮体积与正癸酸量对形成Fe3O4水基磁流体粒径及其分布、多分散度与稳定性等的影响.在综合以上结果的基础上,设计并制备了8种正癸酸包覆的Fe3O4水基磁流体.用光子相关光谱仪与透射电镜测定了Fe3O4水基磁流体的粒径及其分布、多分散度等.实验结果表明,磁流体的数均粒径约为10～20nm;在稳定性方面,正癸酸包覆的Fe3O4水基磁流体放置6个月,未观察到相分离.用一步法制得了双层正癸酸稳定的Fe3O4水基磁流体,制备了单层正癸酸包覆的Fe3O4磁粒子的固态样品,用IR、TG、DTG与DSC研究了这些样品的组成与性质.测定了磁流体的饱和磁化强度,其值为1.85kA/m.     

基于反滴加-共沉淀法的水基Fe3O4磁流体制备及性能表征

用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米微粒,并用聚乙二醇(PEG)为表面活性剂进行表面修饰,制备稳定的水基Fe3O4磁流体,考察加料方式、铁盐浓度、表面活性剂用量等条件对Fe3O4纳米微粒粒径的影响,并用红外光谱及X射线衍射表征磁性颗粒的化学成分和晶体结构.结果表明:加料方式是影响产物粒径和磁性的重要因素,反滴法制备的磁流体粒径更小,磁性更强;铁盐浓度越高,磁流体粒径越大;随PEG质量浓度增大,磁流体粒径先减小后增大;n(Fe3+)=n(Fe2+)=0.3 mol/L,c(PEG)=50 g/L为最适宜的反应条件;未经包覆的Fe3O4纳米粒子平均粒径为15 nm,PEG包覆后粒径约为20 nm,呈现出核-壳结构.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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