用复性电泳技术研究溶酶体蛋白水解酶的性质和活性

介绍了复性单向电泳（Ｇ－ＰＡＧＥ）和复性双向电泳（ＩＥＦ－Ｇ－ＰＡＧＥ）的概念、原理、方法、应用范围、优缺点和使用该方法应注意的事项。并用该方法定性和定量分析了Ｃ６大白鼠神经胶质瘤细胞酸性溶酶体蛋白水解酶的性质和活性。     

地热田碱性蛋白酶菌株的选育与酶性质的研究

从温泉附近土样中成功分离到一株高温碱性蛋白酶产生菌株H-1,经初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌（Bacillus.）菌株H-1最佳产酶的发酵时间为67.5h,该酶在30～70℃酶活性随温度升高而增强,70℃酶活性达到最高,在pH7.0～11.0范围内较稳定,从菌株H-1液体发酵液中提取粗酶液,经CMC-I阳离子交换层析和SepHadex G-75凝胶层析,得到单一组分;通过Native-PAGE、SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定,粗酶至少含有3种碱性蛋白酶同工酶;单组分碱性蛋白酶的比活力为3875U,相对分子量约为31KDa.     

两种蛋白酶在生皮脱毛上应用试验

无公害工业化生产要求制革企业放弃制革工艺中沿用的传统有害物质,采用新方法生产高质量皮革制品。介绍了中俄科研人员用两种不同的方法(涂布法、浸酶法)和两种不同的脱毛酶制剂进行的生皮脱毛试验。试验证明,用酶制剂脱毛效果良好,完全可以替代传统的硫化碱,同时能够改善制革工艺,削弱碱性物质对皮革表面的侵害,减少制革业对水源污染。     

一株产碱性蛋白酶菌株的分离与鉴定

从黄石市土壤中分离到一株产碱性蛋白酶的革兰氏阴性杆菌,不产芽抱,具美膜．能在ｐＨ９－１１条件下生长、产酶．产酶最适ｐＨ值为９,最适温度为３７℃,适发酵时间为３６ｈ．发酵产酶量为４５．０Ｕ·ｍＬ－１根据实验结果,该菌株鉴定为毛状假单抱菌Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ　ｌａｓｉａ．     

A thiol protease of peritoneal macrophages in the guinea pig

Summary Proteolytic enzymes of the guinea pig peritoneal exudate macrophages were investigated using synthetic fluorogenic peptide substrates. Among several enzymes, t-butyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-seryl-arginine 4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide cleaving enzymes had the highest activity, and the activity in exudate macrophages was about 3 times tronger than that in resident thiol-blocking reagents, suggesting a thiol protease.We thank Dr Yoshiaki Motozato, Kumamoto University, for kind donation of Cellulofine GC-700 and valuable discussions. This work is supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.     

原生质体诱变选育分解X光胶片的菌株

从厦门福达感光胶片厂的污水中分离到207株芽孢杆菌,其中一株显示了较强的分解明胶的能力.该菌经鉴定为巨大芽孢杆菌(Bucillus megaterium 207).用溶菌酶制备207菌的原生质体,经紫外线诱变获得一变异株(207—A5),产蛋白酶活力由830u/ml 提高到4731u/ml.     

产中性蛋白酶的枯草杆菌478的发酵及其基本特性

枯草芽孢杆菌478是为生皮脱毛选育的一株中性蛋白酶产生茵。500 ml 摇瓶,装量50 ml 培养基,接种一小铲,31℃摇床培养40小时,产酶为5502 u/ml。BF—12—Ⅰ型罐发酵28小时,31℃产酶为5795 u/ml。酶的酪蛋白水解最适 PH 为7.0,活性范围为 PH 6.5～7.5,此间热稳定性较好,40℃两小时失活为12%。酪蛋白水解的最适温度为40～50℃。Fe ~(++)Hg~(++)与 Cu 对酶有抑制作用,Ca~(++)与 Mg~(++)则有激活作用。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析得到9条带。国内外一直沿用的硫化碱脱毛工艺对环境污染严重。酶法脱毛则是解决污染问题的可行途径。半个世纪以来人们对此作了积极的研究。然而,可用的产酶株仍是屈指可数,脱毛工艺的革新受到很大限制。为了推进酶法脱毛工艺向前发展,我们选育了脱毛效果较好的枯草芽孢杆菌478中性蛋白酶产生株。本文对该茵的发酵及其产生的中性蛋白酶的一些基木特性作一报导。     

SVR—CKNN预测用于HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂QSAR建模

为提高药物定量构效关系（QSAR）模型预测精度,发展了一种新的QSAR建模方法SVR—CKNN。该法基于支持向量机回归（SVR）自动筛选化合物结构描述符,以k-最近邻建立多个子模型实施组合预测（CKNN）。应用于49种HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂QSAR研究,留一法预测结果表明SVR—CKNN预测精度明显优于多元线性回归（MLR）、逐步回归（SLR）、偏最小二乘回归（PLS）和神经网络（BP—ANN）等传统模型。SVR—CKNN基于结构风险最小,具非线性、适于小样本、泛化推广能力强、稳定性好、不依赖操作者经验等诸多优点,在药物设计等研究中应用前景广泛。     

Proteinaceous cysteine protease inhibitors

Studies of proteinaceous cysteine protease inhibitors originated with the discovery of cystatins in the 1960s. Since that time, a rich and fascinating world of proteins that control and regulate a multitude of important physiological processes, ranging from the basics of protein turnover to development and brain function, has been uncovered. Failures in such important and complex systems inevitably lead to pathologies. Many threatening diseases such as cancer or neurological disorders, to mention only some, are attributed to deregulation of proteaseinhibitor balance. Moreover, important aspects of infection pathology and host defense rely on proteolysis and protease inhibition. Recent advances in the field of protease inhibitors have drawn attention to the possible use of this collected knowledge to control related pathological processes. This review attempts to familiarize the reader with proteinaceous cysteine protease inhibitors by providing an overview of current knowledge. The work primarily highlights biological processes in which the inhibitors are involved and focuses on pathologies resulting from aberrant protease-inhibitor balance, pointing out emerging possibilities for their correction.Received 11 October 2004; received after revision 29 November 2004; accepted 6 December 2004     

蚝油酶水解条件的研究

对蚝油的酶水解工艺条件进行初步研究。结果表明：酶水解的最佳条件为酸性蛋白酶，酶水解温度５０℃，超始ｐＨ２．５，酶用量５０００ｕ／ｇ，酶水解时间４－５ｈ。