β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达研究

根据芽孢杆菌β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶基因序列设计引物,以pHBM102为模板,扩增得到β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶GluD基因片段,克隆至毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)表达载体pHBM905上,获得重组毕赤酵母表达载体pHBM905D,将此质粒分别转化毕赤酵母GS115,KM71和SMD1168菌株,筛选获得GS115(pHBM905D),KM71(pHBM905D),和SMD1168(pHBM905D),平板诱导培养表明,GS115(pHBM905D)所产生的水解圈最大,酶活力最高.摇瓶诱导培养,表达β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶,此酶的最适反应温度为65℃,最适反应pH值6.4,在诱导8 d后酶活力达到最高为0.185 8 U/mL.     

枯草芽孢杆菌寡聚-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达研究

根据枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）寡聚-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶基因序列设计引物,以pHBM003为模板,扩增得到寡聚-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶基因,克隆至毕氏酵母（Pichia pastoris）表达载体pHBM905上,获得重组毕氏酵母表达载体pHBM9053．将此质粒分别转化毕氏酵母GS115、KM71和SMD1168菌株,筛选获得重组毕赤酵母GS115（pHBM9053）、KM71（pHBM9053）和SMD1168（pHBM9053）;然后进行摇瓶诱导培养,这3株毕氏酵母分别在诱导培养60h、48h和24h后,酶活力达到最高,对应为2．233u／mL、0．34u／mL和1．235u／mL;GS115（pHBM9053）所产寡聚-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶的最适反应温度为75℃,最适反应pH值为6,在30～75℃、pH8～9范围内较稳定．     

克鲁维酵母中外切菊粉酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达研究

用PCR的方法从克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)ATCC12424中克隆出外切菊粉酶基因.将该基因克隆到毕赤酵母表达载体pHBM905C、pHBM906上,构建了外切菊粉酶毕赤酵母表达载体pHBM1200、pHBM1201.将两者转化毕赤酵母GS115,得到重组菌株GS115(pHBM1200)、GS115(pHBM1201),将这两种重组菌株进行摇瓶发酵,测得带α-信号肽的菌株GS115(pHBM1200)表达的外切菊粉酶最高酶活为89.43 U/mL,带自身信号肽的菌株GS115(pHBM1201)表达的外切菊粉酶最高酶活为14.828 U/mL.SDS-PAGE电泳表明,外切菊粉酶的表观分子量为90 kD.将外切菊粉酶用去糖基化酶endoH处理后,SDS-PAGE电泳表明,分子量为60 kD,和预计的分子量一致.     

嗜碱芽孢杆菌耐热耐碱内切木聚糖酶基因的密码子优化及在毕赤酵母中的表达

【目的】研究极端耐热耐碱的木聚糖酶,使其能够满足造纸行业中碱性高温的苛刻环境。【方法】将一种来源于嗜碱芽孢杆菌S7的耐热耐碱内切木聚糖酶基因(xyn10A)密码子进行优化,基因合成后克隆至pHBM905BDM载体上,并转化毕赤酵母GS115菌株。【结果】木聚糖酶基因(xyn10A)优化后与原始序列比对相似性为76.70%。基因合成后克隆到pHBM905BDM载体上,并成功转化毕赤酵母GS115菌株。通过交联木聚糖底物平板水解圈法初筛及摇瓶复筛得到一株产酶量较高的菌株,且其在摇瓶发酵第10天达到最高酶活力,为495U/mL。另外,糖基化分析表明该酶在毕赤酵母中表达时被糖基化修饰。【结论】密码子优化后的极端耐热耐碱木聚糖酶基因在毕赤酵母中成功表达。     

肺炎克雷伯氏菌漆酶基因的克隆及其在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

以肺炎克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiellapneumoniae)基因组为模板,通过PCR扩增得到其漆酶基因lac;基于毕赤酵母密码子偏爱性优化后,得到新型漆酶基因lacm;将其与大肠杆菌–毕赤酵母(E. coli-P. pastoris)穿梭表达载体pPIC9K连接,构建重组质粒pPIC9K-lacm;将该质粒转化毕赤酵母(Pichiapastoris)GS115中,实现该漆酶的胞外分泌表达,发酵液中重组漆酶(rLACM)活力达0.37 U/m L.经对rLACM酶学性质分析表明:rLACM的最适温度为70℃,最适pH为8.0,在30～70℃、pH 5.0～9.0活力稳定.     

优化合成有机磷水解酶opd p基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

拟验证通过密码子优化有机磷水解酶(opd)基因,和生物砖方法构建opd多拷贝载体,以提高在毕赤酵母中的表达量.将原始的opd基因依照毕赤酵母偏爱密码子设计合成新的有机磷水解酶基因,并在C端添加了6个His-Tag融合蛋白标签.所合成的opd p基因全长1 149 bp(base pair).基因克隆入p HBM905BDM毕赤酵母表达型质粒,成功构建重组表达质粒p HBM905BDM-opd p,以及多拷贝表达质粒p HBM905BDM-opd p-2C,p HBM905BDM-opd p-3C,p HBM905BDMopd p-4C,转化毕赤酵母感受态细胞GS115.实验结果表明,经甲醇诱导后,在AOX1(乙醇氧化酶基因)启动子调控下,获得OPD P蛋白分泌表达,Western Blot检测4个转化的菌株中都表达了目的蛋白,且两拷贝表达量较一拷贝有提高,达到0.2 U/m L.但是随着拷贝数的进一步增加表达量呈现下降的趋势.     

阿魏酸酯酶O42807在毕赤酵母GS115中的表达

研究阿魏酸酯酶O42807基因(fae)在巴斯德毕赤酵母GS115中的表达及重组阿魏酸酯酶的酶学特性.化学合成fae基因序列,构建分泌型重组质粒pPIC9K-fae,经线性化后电转化至毕赤酵母GS115,对筛选出的高活性转化子进行诱导表达.SDS-PAGE分析显示:发酵上清液为单一条带,表观相对分子质量为42 ku,酶活为78.49 nkat·mL^-1,比活力为524.38 nkat·mg^-1,最适反应温度为50 ℃,在40~45 ℃温度范围内较稳定,最适反应p     

南极假丝酵母脂肪酶B在毕赤酵母的表达及酶学性质研究

为提高南极假丝酵母脂肪酶B(Candida antarcticalipase B,CALB)的表达量,根据毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)密码子偏好性设计合成CALB基因,插入表达载体pPIC9K构建重组质粒pPIC9K-CALB.重组质粒转化毕赤酵母GS115,经过G418抗性筛选得到多拷贝转化子.摇瓶发酵120 h后上清液酶活力达到46 U/mL,通过金属螯合层析纯化发酵液将CALB纯化了5.23倍,比活力达到856.7 U/mg,去糖基化实验显示重组CALB比野生型CALB大5 ku.实验考察了不同反应温度、pH值和金属离子对重组CALB活性和稳定性的影响,发现重组CALB最适反应温度和pH分别为30℃和6.5,在pH 5.0~8.0之间以及40℃以下有较好稳定性,金属离子(10 mmol/L)Ca2+,Zn2+,Mn2+有助于CALB酶活力的提高,而Cu2+,Ag+,Fe3+强烈抑制酶催化反应.     

芽孢杆菌植酸酶基因在毕赤酵母中的胞内表达

根据已知的枯草芽孢杆菌WHNB02植酸酶phyC基因全序列设计一对引物,采用PCR法从含有该基因的pUC18-phyC质粒上获得了长约1.1kb不含有信号肽序列的植酸酶phyC基因表达片段.经T载体克隆及序列测定后,构建毕赤巴斯德表达载体pPIC3.5K-phyC,并电转化毕赤巴斯德酵母宿主菌GS115.经MD和MM平板筛选、酶活性测定,获得了阳性转化子,并进行了诱导表达.SDS-PAGE分析表明:表达产物分子量为42.01KD,表达量占细胞可溶性总蛋白的24%,并具有植酸酶的生物学活性.酶学性质分析结果显示:胞内表达的植酸酶酶促反应最适pH值为7.5;最适反应温度为70℃;经90℃处理10min,残留酶活性42% 均优于出发菌株天然植酸酶的相应性质.     

人骨唾液酸蛋白在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的高效分泌表达

以PCR方法扩增人bsp基因，与分泌型表达载体pPICZαA重组，重组质粒经电击转化毕赤酵母GS115菌株，获得的GS115／pPICZαA－hbsp表达菌株能高效分泌表达rhBSP.SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析结果表明，产物的分子质量接近66ku，能发生特异性抗原－抗体反应。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.