密码子优化的植酸酶基因appA-P在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

根据毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)密码子使用偏爱性,对Escherichia coli来源的高比活植酸酶基因(appA)全面地进行密码子优化,人工合成了植酸酶基因(appA-P),并将该基因克隆到毕赤酵母诱导型分泌表达载体pHBM905A上,获得重组质粒pHBM905A-appA-P,通过PEG1000转化法将线性化的重组质粒转化毕赤酵母GS115菌株,筛选得到一个高效表达植酸酶的重组菌株GS115-appA-P,在25℃摇瓶培养168 h后酶活力达到422 U/mL,该植酸酶最适反应温度为60℃,最适反应pH为4.5,在20~50℃、pH1.0~6.0范围内较稳定.     

β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达研究

根据芽孢杆菌β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶基因序列设计引物,以pHBM102为模板,扩增得到β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶GluD基因片段,克隆至毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)表达载体pHBM905上,获得重组毕赤酵母表达载体pHBM905D,将此质粒分别转化毕赤酵母GS115,KM71和SMD1168菌株,筛选获得GS115(pHBM905D),KM71(pHBM905D),和SMD1168(pHBM905D),平板诱导培养表明,GS115(pHBM905D)所产生的水解圈最大,酶活力最高.摇瓶诱导培养,表达β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶,此酶的最适反应温度为65℃,最适反应pH值6.4,在诱导8 d后酶活力达到最高为0.185 8 U/mL.     

枯草芽孢杆菌寡聚-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达研究

根据枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）寡聚-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶基因序列设计引物,以pHBM003为模板,扩增得到寡聚-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶基因,克隆至毕氏酵母（Pichia pastoris）表达载体pHBM905上,获得重组毕氏酵母表达载体pHBM9053．将此质粒分别转化毕氏酵母GS115、KM71和SMD1168菌株,筛选获得重组毕赤酵母GS115（pHBM9053）、KM71（pHBM9053）和SMD1168（pHBM9053）;然后进行摇瓶诱导培养,这3株毕氏酵母分别在诱导培养60h、48h和24h后,酶活力达到最高,对应为2．233u／mL、0．34u／mL和1．235u／mL;GS115（pHBM9053）所产寡聚-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶的最适反应温度为75℃,最适反应pH值为6,在30～75℃、pH8～9范围内较稳定．     

谷氨酰胺转胺酶在毕赤酵母菌的初步表达

从重组菌株pPIC3.5k-MTG/DH5α提取重组质粒pPIC3.5k-MTG,经Sac I酶切线性化处理后纯化重组质粒电击转化到毕赤酵母菌中,用甲醇诱导表达,经SDS-PAGE鉴定重组质粒P.pastoris GS115成功表达出了TGase蛋白,并初步纯化获得了较纯的目的蛋白,其表观分子量为47 kD,酶活为0.50 U/mL.     

超滤质谱法研究大黄蒽醌类化合物与 人血清白蛋白的相互作用

从重组菌株pPIC3.5 k-MTG/DH5α提取重组质粒pPIC3.5k-MTG,经SacⅠ酶切线性化处理后纯化重组质粒电击转化到毕赤酵母菌中,用甲醇诱导表达,经SDS-PAGE鉴定重组质粒P.pastoris GS115成功表达出了TGase蛋白,并初步纯化获得了较纯的目的蛋白,其表观分子量为47 kD,酶活为0.50 U/mL.     

嗜碱芽孢杆菌耐热耐碱内切木聚糖酶基因的密码子优化及在毕赤酵母中的表达

【目的】研究极端耐热耐碱的木聚糖酶,使其能够满足造纸行业中碱性高温的苛刻环境。【方法】将一种来源于嗜碱芽孢杆菌S7的耐热耐碱内切木聚糖酶基因(xyn10A)密码子进行优化,基因合成后克隆至pHBM905BDM载体上,并转化毕赤酵母GS115菌株。【结果】木聚糖酶基因(xyn10A)优化后与原始序列比对相似性为76.70%。基因合成后克隆到pHBM905BDM载体上,并成功转化毕赤酵母GS115菌株。通过交联木聚糖底物平板水解圈法初筛及摇瓶复筛得到一株产酶量较高的菌株,且其在摇瓶发酵第10天达到最高酶活力,为495U/mL。另外,糖基化分析表明该酶在毕赤酵母中表达时被糖基化修饰。【结论】密码子优化后的极端耐热耐碱木聚糖酶基因在毕赤酵母中成功表达。     

β葡聚糖酶杂合基因bglHAM的克隆及在P.pastoris中的表达

采用PCR的方法,以Bacillus macerans总DNA为模板,构建出β-1,3-1,4葡聚糖酶杂合基因bglHAM,与巴斯德毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9K重组,得到重组质粒pPIC9K-HAM,电脉冲转化法转化酵母菌GS115,KM71,在MM,MD平板上筛选表型,YPD-G418平板上筛选多拷贝重组子,重组菌株经甲醇诱导后,刚果红平板染色法检测到β-葡聚糖酶活性,SDS-PAGE证明表达产物的分子量约为24kD,摇瓶诱导培养筛选到的重组菌株,胞外每mL发酵液最高酶活达240U。     

内切菊粉酶基因在毕赤酵母中的高水平表达研究

低聚果糖(Fructooligosaccharides,FOS)具有改善胃肠道环境、刺激和加强机体免疫反应、抑制肠道特定肿瘤的发生等生物活性.内切菊粉酶能够水解菊粉获得低聚果糖.为了实现内切菊粉酶的高表达,从无花果曲霉(Aspergillus ficuum ATCC16882)中克隆了内切菊粉酶编码基因INU2,并实现了在毕赤氏酵母中的重组分泌表达,摇瓶表达的酶活力为570.4U/mL.去除内切菊粉酶的内源性信号肽序列后,其重组表达水平显著提高,摇瓶表达的酶活力为1013.8U/mL,提高幅度77.7%.TLC分析表明:毕赤酵母重组表达的内切菊粉酶(不含内源性信号肽序列)能将2%长链菊粉水解为2～3个聚合度的低聚果糖.     

信号肽对木聚糖酶在马克斯克鲁维酵母中分泌表达的影响

马克斯克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)是一种新型的非常规酵母,具有生长快、分泌能力强、安全性高等优势.在酵母表达系统中,分泌信号肽不仅介导了外源蛋白沿着正确途径分泌到胞外,也在蛋白质翻译后加工等方面发挥了重要作用.本文分别研究了酿酒酵母α-Factor信号肽和克鲁维酵母菊粉酶信号肽对耐热木聚糖酶在马克斯克鲁维酵母中的分泌表达影响.工程菌摇瓶发酵72h后,在含有菊粉酶信号肽和α-Factor信号肽的工程菌株的发酵上清中,木聚糖酶酶活分别为318.91U/mL和117.90U/mL,表明马克斯克鲁维酵母表达木聚糖酶时,菊粉酶信号肽介导的蛋白分泌表达效果优于α-Factor信号肽.重组表达木聚糖酶最适反应条件是pH5.5和65℃,在75℃处理1h后,该酶的剩余酶活保留73%以上.在5L发酵罐中,重组菌高密度发酵72h,木聚糖酶酶活高达157 757U/mL,结果表明,马克斯克鲁维酵母表达系统在工业酶领域中应用具有非常广阔的前景.     

人胰激肽原酶在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

人胰激肽原酶(hPK)编码基因由本实验室设计、合成,并重组构建成表达质粒pPIC9k-hPK。经电穿孔将该质粒转化毕赤酵母GS115 (His^-Mut⁺) ,筛选His⁺Mut^s 型高拷贝菌株,摇瓶诱导表达重组hPK。经SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分析确定表达重组蛋白相对分子质量为37500,产量达40mg/L,质量分数占总蛋白的30%以上。初步浓缩的重组hPK经测定具有酶活性,表明其在毕赤酵母中得到了正确的表达,每mL酶活达0.717nmol/s。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.