千兆以太网物理层时钟产生/倍频单片集成电路设计

给出了一个基于TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺设计的千兆以太网物理层时钟产生/倍频单片集成电路.芯片采用电荷泵结构的锁相环实现,包括环形压控振荡器、分频器、鉴频鉴相器、电荷泵和环路滤波器等模块,总面积为1.1 mm×0.8 mm.采用1.8 V单电源供电,测得在负载为50 Ω时电路的输出功率大于5 dBm.芯片在PCB板上键合实现锁相环路的闭环测试,测得锁定范围为130 MHz;当环路锁定在1 GHz时,振荡器输出信号的占空比为50.4%,rms抖动为5.4 ps,单边带相位噪声为-124 dBc/Hz@10 MHz.该电路适当调整可应用于千兆以太网IEEE802.3规范 1000BASE-X的物理层发信机设计.     

一种新型结构的高速时钟数据恢复电路

针对高速(Gb/s)串行数据通信应用,提出了一种混合结构的高速时钟数据恢复电路.该电路结构结合鉴频器和半速率二进制鉴相器,实现了频率锁定环路和相位恢复环路的同时工作.电路采用1.8 V,0.18μmCMOS工艺流片验证,面积约0.5 mm2,测试结果显示在2 Gb/s伪随机数序列输入情况下,电路能正确恢复出时钟和数据,核心功耗约为53.6 mW,输出驱动电路功耗约64.5 mW,恢复出的时钟抖动峰峰值为45 ps,均方根抖动为9.636 ps.     

1.5 V 0.35μm CMOS 3.2 Gb/s 1:4分接器设计

采用CSM 0.35μm CMOS工艺,设计了低电压高速1∶4分接器.分接器采用半时钟树型结构,由1个高速1∶2分接器和2个低速1∶2分接器级联而成.整个电路实现的基本单元为共栅动态负载锁存器.电路最高可工作在3.2 Gb/s,电源电压为1.5 V,整体电路功耗约为120 mW,芯片面积为0.675 mm×0.675 mm.     

基于临界导通模式的功率因数校正芯片设计

针对中等功率电器功率因数校正的需要,设计了一种基于临界导通模式的升压型(boost)功率因数校正芯片.该芯片集成可编程过压保护、可编程限流保护等多种保护电路,内设待机功能和自启动电路,通过电压控制环路和零电流检测电路实现了临界导通模式控制策略,固定升压输出.当负载为轻载时,通过将芯片的ZCD引脚接地,从而令芯片进入待机状态,减小了功率损耗.电路采用0.4μm BCD工艺,芯片面积为1.186 mm×1.172mm.仿真结果表明:输入电流接近正弦波并与输入电压同相位,实现了功率因数校正的目的;在12V供电电压下,芯片静态功耗约为31mW.芯片己经成功流片.     

10 Gbit/s 0.18 μm CMOS激光驱动器的集成电路

为了得到低电压、低功耗、高速率的激光驱动器电路,采用0.18 μm CMOS工艺设计了10 Gbit/s的激光驱动器集成芯片.电路的核心单元为两级直接耦合的差分放大器和电流输出电路.为扩展带宽、降低功耗,电路中采用了并联峰化技术和放大级直接耦合技术,整个芯片面积为0.94 mm×1.25 mm.经测试,该芯片在1.7 V电源电压时,最高可工作在11 Gbit/s的速率上;当输入10 Gbit/s、单端峰峰值为0.3 V的信号时,在50 Ω负载上的输出电压摆幅超过1.7 V,电路功耗约为77.4 mW.进一步优化后,该电路可适用于STM-64系统.     

一种高性能4阶电荷泵锁相环的设计

文章设计了一款完全集成的高性能4阶电荷泵锁相环.根据系统性能要求,该锁相环的环路滤波器选用3阶无源低通滤波,其他模块在典型结构的基础上采取了改进措施以获得高性能.首先,利用MATLAB进行系统建模,获得锁定时间和环路参数;然后给出了关键电路的结构以及前、后仿真的结果.在SMIC0.35μm 2P3M CMOS工艺条件下,该锁相环的正常工作范围为60～640 MHz,400 MHz时周期到周期抖动为96 ps,面积为0.38 mm2.内嵌本电路的一种DAC芯片已交付数据,成功参加MPW项目流片.     

应用于FPGA芯片时钟管理的锁相环设计实现

设计了一种嵌入于FPGA芯片的锁相环,实现了四相位时钟、倍频、半整数可编程分频、可调节相位输出功能,满足对于FPGA芯片时钟管理的要求.锁相环采用了自偏置结构,拓展了锁相环的工作范围,缩短了锁定时间,其阻尼系数以及环路带宽和工作频率的比值都仅由电容的比值决定,有效地减小了工艺、电压、温度等对电路的影响.锁相环采用0.18μm CMOS数字工艺,嵌入复旦大学自主研发的FPGA芯片FDP-Ⅱ,经过流片验证,实现了工作频率范围10~600 MHz,整体电路功耗仅为29 mW,锁定时间小于4μs,峰峰值抖动小于±145 ps.     

用于FPGA快速重构的配置电路

提出了一种适于FPGA芯片的快速重构配置电路,并在FDP2009Ⅱ-SOPCFPGA芯片里设计实现.其主要特点为:配置电路使芯片最小配置单元由Xilinx的Spartan和Virtex系列芯片的一帧变为32 bit,减少了重配置传送的配置数据,缩短了芯片重构时间.FDP2009-Ⅱ-SOPC FPGA采用SMIC0.13μm一层多晶八层金属工艺设计,芯片总面积为4.5 mm×6.3 mm,配置电路面积为1.7 mm~2.版图后仿真结果表明,配置电路能够正确的完成数据重配置功能,芯片重构时间是Xilinx公司的Virtex系列相同规模FPGA芯片的34%左右.     

多级滤波算法的ASIC实现

提出红外图像小目标检测多级滤波算法的一种ASIC体系结构实现方案.该结构有三个数据通道,分别级连不同数量的1×3基本滤波模板;每路数据通道采用流水线结构,其中乘法电路由移位相加电路构成以提高运算速度;采用定点运算,计算精度为8位二进制小数,可处理位宽为8~16位的数据,吞吐量5 M pixel/s~10 M pixel/s,支持128×128,256×256,320×240三种帧格式的图像滤波.设计采用SMIC 0.35μm工艺,芯片面积为3.2 mm×2.7 mm,芯片内部工作频率为50 MHz.芯片滤波实现方式相对软件实现的方式,最大绝对误差0.483 3,可满足实际精度的要求.该芯片可以用于同时检测大小不同小红外小目标.     

O.18-μm CMOS千兆以太网并串转换芯片设计

提出了一种新的树型结构10:1并串转换电路,可应用于千兆以太网,其工作速度达到1.25 Gbit/s.树型结构的使用可以使大部分电路工作在较低的速率上,从而简化了设计,也减小了功耗.低速5:1并串转换单元采用改进的并行结构,利用一系列D触发器调整进入数据选择器的时钟和数据间的相位关系,使其相对于普通并行结构有更大的相位裕量,可以更可靠地工作.芯片应用TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS工艺实现,芯片面积为0.7 mm×0.5 mm,核心电路功耗为3.6mW,小于同类电路.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with