麦洼牦牛血液蛋白多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对麦洼牦牛９个血液蛋白基因座（Ｈｂ、Ｔｆ、ＰＴｆ、Ａｋｐ、ＬＤＨ－１、Ａｌｂ、Ａｍｙ、Ｈｐ、Ｐａ）进行检测,并计算其基因频率和基因型频率．结果表明,在检测的９个基因座中４个基因座（Ｔｆ、ｐＴｆ、Ａｋｐ、ＬＤＨ－１）具有多态性,麦洼牦牛群体遗传变异程度低     

高原型和山谷型藏山羊生态特征比较研究

对高原型和山谷型藏山羊的体态、被皮、解剖、生理和生化遗传标记等生态特征的比较研究表明：高原型比山谷型藏山羊体格较大；毛被白色者较多、毛丛较长、单位皮肤面积次级毛囊较多，产线量高；气管、肺和心脏较发达；血液中ＲＢＣ、ＷＢＣ、Ｈｂ均较高；体温、皮温均较低，两型藏山羊的Ｈｂ、Ａｌｂ、Ａｍ经电泳均显示一条带，无多态性，高原型藏山羊的Ｔｆ有３种基因型，即ＡＡ、ＡＢ、ＢＢ，而山谷藏山羊Ｔｆ只有两种基因型，即ＡＡ、ＡＢ。基因频率经ｘ检验差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。两型藏山羊的ＡＫＰ同工酶均有两种基因型，即ＡＫＰＦ和ＡＫＰＯ，ＡＫＰ基因频率经ｘ检验差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），不论是高原型还是汕谷型藏山羊的ＥＳ同工酶均有多态性，都有３个带，但两者的Ｅ＿ｓ同工酶带有明显差异，区带－Ⅱ－２、带－Ⅲ－３、带－Ⅱ－４、带－Ⅲ－２对应比较，差异极显著（＞０．０１）；带－Ⅰ－１、带－Ⅰ－３、带－Ⅲ－１对应比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），高原型和山谷型山羊的ＬＤＨ同工酶均有５条带，其活力顺序均为ＬＤＨ＿１＞ＬＤＨ＿３＞ＬＤＨ＿２＞ＬＤＨ＿５＞ＬＤＨ＿４，各带对应比较，两个生态类型藏山羊间ＬＤＨ＿１、ＬＤＨ＿２活力差异极显著（Ｐ＞０．０１）；     

藏猪血液蛋白多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳法研究了四川、云南两地藏猪的Ｔｆ、Ｐａ、Ｐｏ、Ａｍ Ⅰ、Ａｍ Ⅱ、Ｃｐ、Ｈｐ、Ｆｓ基因座的血液蛋白多态性,结果表明：（１）所测基因座均呈现多态性;（２）两地藏猪间存在由于不同地理环境、选育水平等所导致的地方类群差异,但基因频率差异不显著．     

西藏耗牛血液蛋白多态性的研究

采用淀粉凝胶电泳和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对西藏耗牛的４上血液蛋白位点（Ｈｂ，Ｔｆ，Ａｌｂ，Ｐａ）进行检测，得出了基因频率和基因型频率，进行遗传变异性分析，引用６个其它耗牛品种Ｈｂ和Ｔｆ位点的基因频率资料，比较分析了西藏耗牛和其它耗牛品种的关系，并探讨了耗牛血液蛋白多态性研究中的有关问题。     

山谷型藏山羊建昌黑山羊安哥拉山羊乳生化遗传标记研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法（ＰＡＧＥ）分析山谷型藏山羊、建昌黑山羊、安哥拉山羊乳中的ＬＤＨ、ａｓ－ＣＮ、β－ＣＮ、β－ｌｇ、ＳＡ等基因座,结果表明,三品种的ＬＤＨ、ａｓ－ＣＮ、β－ＣＮ、β－ｌｇ有多态,ＳＡ无多态．其中乳ＬＤＨ为１～３条带,有Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ三种表型．ａｓ－ＣＮ有ＡＡ、ＡＢ、ＢＢ三种表型,由Ａ基因和Ｂ基因控制．β－ＣＮ和β－ｌｇ多为杂合的ＡＢ型,其它的电泳表型极少．乳ＳＡ为单态,定为ＡＡ型．运用乳蛋白基因座计算三个品种的基因杂合度,表明山谷型藏山羊及建昌黑山羊乳蛋白基因座的杂合度大于安哥拉山羊．计算三品种的遗传相似系数及遗传距离,表明山谷型藏山羊与建昌黑山羊的遗传距离较小,亲缘关系较近．安哥拉山羊与山谷型藏山羊及建昌黑山羊的遗传距离较大,亲缘关系远．     

安哥拉山羊改良建昌黑山羊高代杂种羊血液生化遗传标记的研究

采用ＰＡＧＥ法检测Ｆ３的Ｈb、Ｔf、Hp,Pr,Alb、Po、ＬＤＨ、Ａkp和Amy等基因座的多态性和相关分析。研究结果表明,Ｆ３的Hb、Ｔf、Hp、Ａkp呈多态,Ａlb、Pr、Ｐr、Ｐo、ＬＤＨ、Ａmy呈单态;ＬＤＨ同工酶相对活力顺序为ＬＤＨ１＞ＬＤＨ３＞ＬＤＨ２＞ＬＤＨ４＞ＬＤＨ５;Ｆ３与安哥拉山羊Ａkp基因型分布差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）,与建昌黑山羊差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）;平均基因杂合度安哥拉山羊最高,Ｆ３次之,建昌黑山羊最低,Ｆ３与安哥拉山羊的遗传相关系数大,遗传距离小;ＬＤＨ１的相对活力与净毛率呈极负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＬＤＨ５与两型毛根数百分比呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）、与两型毛重量百分比呈极显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）、、与无无髓毛伸度呈极显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＬＤＨ其他各要带的相对活力与产毛性状无显著相关。     

弓斑东方鱼屯同工酶生化表现型的初步研究

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳方法，对弓斑东方（ｆｕｇｕｏｃｅｌａｔｕｓ）的５种同工酶ＥＳＴ、ＬＤＨ、ＳＯＤ、ＰＯＤ、α－ＡＭＹ进行了研究，分析了其组织特异性，讨论了各同工酶的基因表达谱式，观察到ＥＳＴ同工酶谱复杂，可分成三个区域；ｓ－ＭＤＨ同工酶有二个基因座位，ｍ－ＭＤＨ同工酶不稳定；ＳＯＤ同工酶有三个基因位点，本文还对需进一步研究的问题和各同工酶的应用前景进行了讨论．     

罗曼蛋鸡血清蛋白多态性的研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析了６５只商品代罗曼蛋鸡血清中蛋白质和酶的遗传多态性．结果显示,血清碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）存在ＦＦ和ＦＳ两种表型,其基因频率分别为３０．７７％和６９．２３％．乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）可分为５条同工酶区带,即ＬＤＨ１～ＬＤＨ５,其相对含量分别为（３４．６±３．２）％、（２９．８±２．５）％、（２６．２±２．１）％、（６．３±１．３）％和（３．１±０．９）％．血清中转铁蛋白（Ｔｆ）、白蛋白（Ａｌｂ）和前白蛋白（Ｐａ）均呈单态．     

秦川牛血清Es,LDH同工酶与氨基酸组成的初步研究

以陕西关中地区健康秦川牛血清为材料，采用聚丙烯酰胺水平电泳，中ｐＨ凝胶系统分离Ｅｓ同工酶，检出了５～６条酶带、酶谱有两种形式。用高ｐＨ凝胶系统盘电泳分离ＬＤＨ同工酶，谱型ＬＤＨ＿１＞ＬＤＨ＿２＞ＬＤＨ＿３＞ＬＤＨ＿４＞ＬＤＨ＿５。血清游离氨基酸共１６种，其总浓度为３６．９２５ｍｇ／１００ｍＬ，其中必需氨基酸浓度为１４．２９７ｍｇ／１００ｍＬ，支／芳比值为４．０７。这一生化分析数据对秦川牛的研究具有重要参考价值。     

双羔滩羊血红蛋白多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术分析滩羊双羔系和单羔系血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）多态性的差异．结果表明，Ｈｂ位点鉴别出的两个等位基因ＨｂＡ和ＨｂＢ控制着三种表现型（基因型），其中实验组２８只产双羔家系滩羊的基因型频率比对照组的６２只产单羔家系滩羊的基因型频率ＨｂＡＡ低１．２７％，ＨｂＡＢ低９．５６％，ＨｂＢＢ高１０．８３％，而基因频率实验组比对照组的ＨｂＡ低６％，ＨｂＢ高６％，因而两组的基因型频率和基因频率均有差异．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.