藏猪起源和品种遗传独特性的研究

以采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳法（ＰＡＧＥ）测定四川、云南两地藏猪血液蛋白多态基因座（Ｔｆ,Ｐａ,ＡｍＩ,Ｃｐ）所得的结果和收集的国内外相关资料为依据,计算了标准遗传距离和遗传独特性,并进行聚类分析和保护等级的划分．结果表明：（１）四川藏猪和云南藏猪属同一品种,均起源于亚洲野猪;（２）利用品种遗传独特性划分保种等级,四川藏猪排在第五位,且仅用４５．４％的品种,对最大基因频率的保护程度可达９８．９７％．     

上海地区汉族人单胺氧化酶基因微卫星DNA多态性研究

应用扩增片段长度多态性技术,分析单胺氧化酶基因的ＭＡＯＡ（ＣＡ）。力ＭＡＯＢＩ（ＧＴ）ｎ２个基因座的微卫星ＤＮＡ多态性。在２４６名（男性１２２人,女性１２４人）无血缘关系上海地区汉族人中检出ＭＡＯＡ（ＣＡ）ｎ基因座８－种等位基因（１１０－１２４ｂｐ）和１９种基因型。     

成都麻羊血液生化遗传标记的研究

采用ＰＡＧＥ电泳法对成都麻羊的Ｈｂ、Ａｌｂ、Ｔｆ、Ｐｏ、Ａｍ、Ａｋｐ和Ｅｓ七个基因座的等位基因及ＬＤＨ的谱带与活力进行了检测．研究结果显示,成都麻羊的Ｈｂ基因座表现为单态,Ａｌｂ、Ｔｆ、Ｐｏ、Ａｍ、Ａｋｐ和Ｅｓ六个基因座表现出遗传多态性,得出了它们的基因型频率及基因频率;ＬＤＨ电泳显示５条谱带,其活力顺序为ＬＤＨ１＞ＬＤＨ３＞ＬＤＨ２＞ＬＤＨ５＞ＬＤＨ４．对Ａｌｂ、Ｔｆ、Ｐｏ、Ａｍ和Ｅｓ五个基因座上的基因型分布作适合性检验,发现这五个基因座上的基因型频率分布是平衡的．利用Ｈｂ、Ａｌｂ、Ｔｆ、Ｐｏ、Ａｋｐ、Ａｍ和Ｅｓ七个基因座上等位基因频率资料进行遗传变异分析,发现成都麻羊群体内基因纯合度高,杂合度低,遗传变异小．同时还利用Ｈｂ、Ｔｆ二个基因座上等位基因资料,对成都麻羊与国内其它１１个山羊品种（类型、品系）的亲缘关系进行了聚类分析,得出了聚类树系图．     

麦洼牦牛血液蛋白多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对麦洼牦牛９个血液蛋白基因座（Ｈｂ、Ｔｆ、ＰＴｆ、Ａｋｐ、ＬＤＨ－１、Ａｌｂ、Ａｍｙ、Ｈｐ、Ｐａ）进行检测,并计算其基因频率和基因型频率．结果表明,在检测的９个基因座中４个基因座（Ｔｆ、ｐＴｆ、Ａｋｐ、ＬＤＨ－１）具有多态性,麦洼牦牛群体遗传变异程度低     

西藏黄牛血清淀粉酶（Am）、酯酶（Es）同工酶遗传特性的研究

应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法研究了西藏黄牛的Ａｍ和Ｅｓ同工酶，得出了其基因频率和基因型频率．结果表明，西藏黄牛的Ａｍ和Ｅｓ两个同工酶位点的基因分布及其频率与瘤牛种（Ｂｏｓｉｎｄｉｃｕｓ）差异较大，而与普通牛种（Ｂｏｓｔａｕｒｕｓ）较为一致，这进一步从同工酶位点上验证了我们对西藏黄牛的Ｙ染色体特征和血液蛋白多态性的研究结果     

金堂黑山羊血液蛋白遗传多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）研究了金堂黑山羊血液运铁蛋白（Tf)、后白蛋白(Pa）及白蛋白(Alb)三个基因座的遗传多态性,并计算了金堂黑山羊与成都麻羊、湘东黑山羊等七个山羊群体的欧氏遗传距离。结果表明：金堂黑山羊群体中Tf和Pa两个基因座均表现出多态性、Alb基因座呈单态;Tf和Pa两个基因型分布均符合Hardy-weinberg定律;金堂黑山羊群体内的基因一致度高、基因多样度低、平均等位基因有效数少,是宝贵的山羊遗传资源。     

关于Hermite矩阵或斜Hermite矩阵乘积迹的不等式

设Ａ，Ｂ同时为Ｈｅｒｍｉｔｅ矩阵或斜Ｈｅｒｍｉｔｅ矩阵，则９１）ｔｒ（ＡＢ）＾ｍ≤ｔｒ（Ａ＾ｍＢ＾ｍ）对一切非负偶数ｍ成立，对一切非负奇数ｍ不一定成立。（２）ｔｒ｛（ＡＢ）＾ｍ」（ＡＢ）＾＊」＾ｍ≤ｔｒ（Ａ＾２Ｂ＾２）＾ｍ对一切自然数ｍ成立。     

荷木种群在不同群落中的分子生态研究

用扩增片段长度多态性（ＡＦＬＰ,ａｍｐｌｉｆｉｅｄ ｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔ ｌｅｎｇｔｈ ｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｓｍ）方法对荷木（Ｓｃｈｉｍａ ｓｕｐｅｒｂａ）在３个不同群落中的遗传变异进行了研究。ＡＦＬＰ分析结果表明其遗传多样性较高。用ＡＭＯＶＡ（ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒ ｖａｒｉａｎｃｅ）分析表明,９５．９９％的遗传变化表现在种群内,４．０１％的遗传分化表现在种群间（Ｐ〈０．００１）     

人工繁殖恒河猴血清酯酶、乳酸脱氢酶、淀粉酶、碱性磷酸酶生化位点遗传多态性研究

本文采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续垂直凝胶电泳方法研究了人工饲养恒河猴（Ｍａｃａｃａｍｕｌａｔｔａ）的血清乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ），醋酶（Ｅｓ），碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ），淀粉酶（Ａｍｙ）等生化位点多态性的分布，结果表明，四种同工酶生化基因位点均具有遗传多态性。ＬＤＨ多态性表现在ＬＤＨ４和ＬＤＨ５有差异，醋酶图谱发现五种酯酶带，其中Ｅｓ－１，Ｅｓ－３、Ｅｓ－５无差异，而Ｅｓ－２和Ｅｓ－４具多态性。     

四元数矩阵Hadamard乘积迹的不等式

本文给出了同阶四元数矩阵Ａ１,…,Ａｍ的Ｈａｄａｍａｒｄ乘积Ａ１…Ａｍ（ｍ≥２）迹的不等式：‖ｔｒ（Ａ１…Ａｍ）‖≤∏ｍｔ＝１ｔｒ（ＡｔＡｔ）α２αｔ〔〕αｔα≤１α∑ｍｔ＝１αｔｔｒ（ＡｔＡｔ）α２αｔ（其中αｔ＞０（ｔ＝１,２,…,ｍ）,且∑ｍｔ＝１αｔ＝α≥１）     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with