冻融循环下纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料损伤演化

为了研究季冻区玄武岩纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料的性能劣化规律,首先,通过沥青黏温曲线分析和直接拉伸性能测试,初步确定纤维长度和掺量,并对比纤维改性前后的环氧沥青混合料(EAC)的路用性能,进一步确定最佳纤维长度和掺量,形成玄武岩纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料(FEAC)的设计流程。随后,进行低温弯曲试验,测试不同冻融损伤程度沥青混合料的弯拉强度、弯拉应变、弯曲劲度模量和弯曲应变能密度。研究结果表明：6%(质量分数)玄武岩纤维掺量的FEAC具有较好的高温性能和低温抗裂性,并保持了与EAC相当的水稳定性。随着冻融循环次数的增加,EAC和FEAC的弯拉强度、弯曲劲度模量和弯曲应变能密度逐渐降低,而弯拉应变的变化趋势则与之相反。相较于EAC,FEAC表现出更高的弯拉强度、弯拉应变和较低的弯曲劲度模量。FEAC和EAC的弯曲应变能密度冻融损伤变化均呈现明显的3段式性能下降。S形逻辑函数能够有效地描述冻融循环的损伤变化规律,其中模型参数a、k和x_c显示出玄武岩纤维对延缓环氧沥青混合料冻融损伤增长具有积极作用。     

基于低温性能的橡胶颗粒环氧沥青混合料研究

为了分析橡胶颗粒对环氧沥青混合料低温性能的改善作用,在选择形状特征及硬度合适的橡胶颗粒的前提下,基于抗弯拉强度、最大弯拉应变、弯曲劲度模量、脆化点温度及应变能密度对不同橡胶颗粒体积掺量下的环氧沥青混合料的低温性能进行研究,并通过室内试验对不同橡胶颗粒体积掺量下的环氧沥青混合料的水稳定性及高温性能进行验证.结果表明:橡胶颗粒的细长扁平颗粒含量越小、邵尔A型硬度越大,橡胶颗粒环氧沥青混合料的压实效果及抗松散性越好;体积掺量合适的橡胶颗粒对环氧沥青混合料的抗弯拉强度、水稳定性及高温性能影响不大,但能显著提高其低温变形能力,降低其脆化点温度,改善其低温性能;在-15℃时,5%橡胶颗粒体积掺量下的环氧沥青混合料相对未掺加橡胶颗粒的环氧沥青混合料,应变能密度提高了108.0%.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温性能影响因素研究

通过对橡胶颗粒沥青混合料进行低温弯曲试验,并运用统计学检验和灰熵法对试验结果进行分析。结果表明:对于不同掺量橡胶颗粒的沥青混合料,掺加3%橡胶颗粒能显著提高沥青混合料的低温性能,其灰熵关联度顺序为:沥青用量>流值>毛体积密度>空隙率。     

用弯曲应变能方法评价沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能

通过对沥青混合料低温开裂机理的分析和对大量试验结果的总结，以弯曲应能密度临界值为指标来评价沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能，首先，分析了沥青混合料低温开裂机理，其次，在MTS810材料试验系统上进行了0℃下的沥青混合料的低温弯曲试验；最后，用灰关联的方法分析了沥青混合料的弯拉强度、临界弯拉应变、油石质量比，表观密度及所用沥青的针入度等指标对混合料的应变能密度临界值的影响程度，研究表明，一般情况下，沥青混合料储存的弹性应变能越多，沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能就越好，由于沥青混合料的应变能密度临界值指标是混合料临界弯拉应变和弯拉强度2个指标的综合，用它来评价沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能更加科学；低温时沥青混合料的允许变形能力较差，提高混合料的允许变形能力可明显增强沥青路面的低温抗裂性能。     

复合工艺橡胶沥青混合料的性能

为了对复合工艺的橡胶沥青技术指标及其混合料路用性能进行研究,在制备橡胶改性沥青时掺入适量裂解剂,确定合理的制备温度和时间;对4种复合工艺橡胶沥青混合料的水稳定性能、低温弯曲性能及疲劳性能进行耐久性试验.结果表明:裂解剂质量分数为0.4%的橡胶沥青,以制备温度190℃,制备时间2 h为宜;掺加裂解剂的橡胶沥青混合料具有优异的高温、低温以及抗水损害性能,其动稳定度甚至是基质沥青混合料的3倍左右;复合工艺的橡胶沥青混合料具有优异的抗水损害、抗疲劳破坏性能以及抗低温弯曲性能,其弯拉破坏应变甚至高于橡胶颗粒SBS改性沥青混合料.     

密实型大粒径橡胶颗粒沥青混合料的路用性能研究

通过车辙试验、浸水马歇尔试验和冻融劈裂试验、低温弯曲试验分别研究了4目、8目和12目三种橡胶颗粒粒径、不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的路用性能.研究结果表明:随着橡胶颗粒掺量的加大,混合料的高温稳定性能提高的幅度也越大,但橡胶颗粒的粒径对沥青混合料的高温稳定性影响并不明显.在沥青混合料中掺入橡胶颗粒掺量越多,沥青混合料的水稳定性越弱,掺入12目的橡胶颗粒对沥青混合料的水稳定性的降低影响最小.为了保证路面的抗水剥落的能力,橡胶颗粒的掺量不宜超过5%.除掺入2%的4目橡胶颗粒时情况例外,每种粒径的橡胶颗粒掺量越多,橡胶颗粒沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能越好.     

湖沥青改性沥青及沥青混合料低温性能研究

采用延度试验和弯曲梁流变试验对不同TLA掺量改性沥青的低温性能进行研究,并利用差热扫描(DSC)研究不同TLA掺量的改性沥青组分在温度变化过程中的状态变化,最后通过低温小梁弯曲试验对混合料的低温性能进行评价.结果表明:随着TLA的掺量增加,湖沥青改性沥青的延度值逐渐减小、蠕变劲度S值和玻璃化转变温度Tg逐渐增大,TLA改性沥青的低温抗开裂能力变差,掺加35%TLA的改性沥青混合料的破坏应变与SBS改性沥青混合料破坏应变值相差不大;三种TLA掺量的湖沥青改性沥青的吸热峰都出现在125~145℃之间,加入TLA后,吸热峰位置的变化说明沥青组分的存在方式、数量以及相态转化方式发生了变化.     

纤维沥青混合料中纤维最佳用量的确定方法

针对以往马歇尔方法确定纤维沥青混合料中纤维用量存在的问题,通过沥青混合料低温弯曲试验,提出确定纤维用量的新指标--应变能.实际应用表明,应变能与纤维用量之间有较好的对应关系,采用应变能方法能够较为准确地求得纤维在沥青混合料中的适宜用量.在该用量下,混合料表现出较高的低温弯拉强度和弯曲应变,对应的低温劲度模量也处于适宜状态.     

高寒地区成品橡胶沥青混合料的低温性能及评价方法

为了研究高寒地区RA-1型成品橡胶沥青混合料的低温特性,以川藏南线四川段为依托工程,从沥青混合料的强度、老化及冻融循环效应等方面入手,通过室内小梁弯曲试验、劈裂试验、老化试验及冻融循环试验对其低温性能进行分析,并提出合理的低温性能评价标准。研究结果表明:在-5℃～0℃时,RA-1型橡胶沥青混合料的最大弯拉应变的增幅较大,约为34.4%;当加载速率为2 mm/min时,采用劈裂试验更能体现出RA-1型橡胶沥青混合料在四川高寒地区的低温破坏过程;随着温度的升高,短期老化后,其最大弯拉应变和劈裂强度均大于长期老化后的相应值,在经历约20次冻融循环作用后,RA-1型橡胶沥青混合料的劈裂抗拉强度衰减趋势逐渐趋于平缓;与初始未冻融状态相比,当经历40次冻融循环后,RA-1型橡胶沥青混合料的最大弯拉应变衰减了13.9%;劈裂试验适用于研究区域新拌RA-1型橡胶沥青混合料的低温性能评价,其加载速率适宜调整为2 mm/min;低温弯曲试验适用于研究区域RA-1型橡胶沥青混合料经长期老化后的低温性能,其加载速率适宜调整为15 mm/min;冻融劈裂试验适用于评价研究区域经冻融作用的RA-1型橡胶沥青混合料低温性能,其加载速率适宜调整为2 mm/min。RA-1型成品橡胶沥青混合料适用于四川高寒地区沥青路面的铺筑。     

玻璃纤维改性相变沥青混合料路用性能

为研究玻璃纤维对聚乙二醇(PEG)沥青混合料性能的增强效果,探究玻璃纤维掺量对其性能的影响规律,通过车辙试验、半圆弯拉试验、冻融劈裂试验研究了玻璃纤维PEG沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性和水稳定性,并利用室外调温试验研究掺加玻璃纤维前后PEG在沥青混合料中的降温效果。结果表明:玻璃纤维掺量为0.2%时,PEG沥青混合料的高温稳定性较好,动稳定度比未掺时高51%;玻璃纤维对混合料低温性能、水稳定性有影响,但效果不明显;玻璃纤维几乎不会影响PEG对沥青混合料的降温效果。可见玻璃纤维能显著提高PEG沥青混合料的高温稳定性且不会破坏PEG材料的调温性能。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to