分子束外延InAs量子点材料的透射电子显微镜研究

报道了利用分子束外延技术在（００１）ＧａＡｓ衬底上生长的单层及多层ＩｎＡｓ量子点材料的透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）研究结果,并对量子点的结构特性进行了讨论。结果表明,多层量子点呈现明显的垂直成串排列趋势;随着ＩｎＡｓ量子点层数的增加,量子点的密度下降,其尺寸随层数的增加趋向均匀,在试验条件下,５层量子点材料的ＩｎＡｓ量子眯厚度和ＧａＡｓ隔离层的厚度的选择都比较合理,其生长过程中的应变场更有利于自组织量     

影响InGaP／InP半导体激光器阈值电流密度若干问题的研究

本文对影响ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ／ＩｎＰ激光器阈值电流密度的晶格失配，掩埋异质结构和掺杂控制等问题进行了分析和讨论．从Ｋｕｐｈａｌ和Ａｒａｉ模型着手计算了与ＩｎＰ晶格匹配ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ的熔体组成．并从实验上进行了仔细调整．获得了激射波长为１．３μｍ．失配量≤１．４×１０－３的ＤＨ结构ＬＰＥ工艺条件．探讨了新的腐蚀工艺和二次外延工艺参数对掩埋异质结构形成的影响；提出采用二次外延过程中Ｚｎ扩散来控制限制层（３）掺杂的新方法，避免了纵向ｐ－ｎ结偏位现象的出现．获得了室温下阈值电流最低小于２５ｍＡ、在６０ｍＡ直流驱动下单面光输出功率高达１２．５ｍＷ、激射波长为１．３μｍ的ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ／ＩｎＰＤＣ－ＰＢＨ激光器．     

半导体形变势及其应变层异质结带阶

采用一种只计算体材料的能带、带阶参数和形变势就能预言不同应变情况下的应变层异质结带阶的方法,并通过 Ｉｎ Ｐ／ Ｉｎ Ａｓ、 Ｉｎ Ｐ／ Ｇａ Ｐ、 Ｇａ Ａｓ／ Ｉｎ Ａｓ、 Ｇａ Ｐ／ Ｇａ Ａｓ、 Ａｌ Ａｓ／ Ｉｎ Ａｓ 等应变层异质结在不同应变情况下的价带带阶计算,并证实了该方法的实用性．     

短波长In_xGa_（1－x）As_yP_（1－y）材料的LP－MOVPE生长

本文研究了用低压金属有机化学气相外延（ＬＰ－ＭＯＶＰＥ）技术，以三申基镓（ＴＭＧａ）、三甲基铟（ＴＭＩｎ）为Ⅲ族源，ＡｓＨ＿３和ＰＨ＿３为Ⅴ族源，在（１００）方向掺Ｓ的ｎ￣＋ＩｎＰ衬底上生长短波长Ｉｎ＿ｘＧａ＿（１－ｘ）Ａｓ＿ｙＰ＿（１－ｙ）材料的生长条件，并用双晶Ｘ射线衍射（ＤＣＤ）和光荧光（ＰＬ）对不同条件下生长的短波长Ｉｎ＿ｘＧａ＿（１－ｘ）Ａｓ＿ｙＰ＿（１－ｙ）材料进行了表征。     

半异体形变势及其应变层异质结带阶

采用一种只计算体材料的能带、带阶参数和形变势就能预言不同应变情况下的应变层异质结带阶的方法，并通过ＩｎＰ／ＩｎＡｓ、ＩｎＰ／ＧａＰ、ＧａＡｓ／ＩｎＡｓ、ＧａＰ／ＧａＡｓ、ＡｌＡｓ／ＩｎＡｓ等应变层异质结在不同应变情况下的价带带阶计算，并证实了该方法的实用性。     

X射线双晶衍射研究LP－MOVPE生长的InGaAs／GaAs应变超晶格

用金属有机气相外延（ＬＰ－ＭＯＶＰＥ）生长了一系列具有不同应变、不同周期以及不同缓冲层的ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｓ应变超晶格．用Ｘ射线双晶衍射方法得到了样品的摇摆曲线．结合计算机模拟得到了样品的应变、组分等结构参数．对不同缓冲层的超晶格结构也进行了分析     

不同应变状态下超晶格InAs／GaAs的电子结构

采用内部求和空ｄ轨道处理下的线性丸盒轨道方法，对以ＩｎＡｓ为衬底和以ＧａＡｓ为衬底以及ＩｎＡｓ层和ＧａＡｓ层自由形变三种不同的应变状态下的超晶格（ＩｎＡｓ）ｎ／（ＧａＡｓ）ｎ（００ｌ），（ｎ＝１，２，３，４，５）的电子结构进行了全面的第一性原理计算，得出了其能带结构、带隙值及态密度分布，考察了各能隙随层厚的变化规律以及带隙的应变效应，所得结果与光致发光实验数据以及从头计算赝势方法对以ＧａＡｓ为衬底的单层超晶格（ＩｎＡ）１／（ＧａＡｓ）１的计算结果相一致．     

高性能InP／InP,InGaAs／InP体材料LP—MOCVD生长

给出利用低压金属有机化合物化学汽相沉积（ＬＰ－ＭＯＣＶＤ）生长技术在ＩｎＰ衬底上生长ＩｎＰ、ＩｎＧａＡｓ的条件，研究了ＩｎＰ／ＩｎＰ的生长特性、ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＩｎＰ的组份控制、生长特性及生长温度对ＩｎＧａＡｓ特性的影响．发现ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＩｎＰ最佳生长温度为６４０℃，得到ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＩｎＰ１６Ｋ光荧光（ＰＬ）谱全高半峰宽为３２．０ｎｍ，ＩｎＰ／ＩｎＰ室温霍尔迁移率为４３６０ｃｍ２／Ｖｓ，背景掺杂浓度为５×１０１４ｃｍ－３，Ｘ光双晶衍射全高半峰宽为２１＂．     

第二类InAs／GaSb（001）半导体超晶格能带边结构的赝？…

采用一种新的赝势方法计算了第二类ＩｎＡｓ（／ＧａＳｂ超晶格能带边结构随着ＩｎＡｓ和ＧａＳｂ层厚变化的规律。计算结果显示，随着ＩｎＡｓ和ＧａＳｂ层厚的变化，超晶格中杂质将经历了不同的深一浅杂质转变过程。     

第二类InAs／GaSb（001）半导体超晶格能带边结构的赝势计算

采用一种新的赝势方法计算了第二类ＩｎＡｓ／ＧａＳｂ超晶格能带边结构随着ＩｎＡｓ和ＧａＳｂ层厚变化的规律．计算结果显示，随着ＩｎＡｓ和ＧａＳｂ层厚的变化，超晶格中杂质将经历不同的深—浅杂质转变过程．同时，我们还得到超晶格发生半导体—半金属转变的区域     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.