秋冬季凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘细菌的数量动态

2007年9月～2008年2月,研究了珠海市斗门区凡纳滨对虾4个低盐度池塘水体、沉积物中异养细菌、弧菌、芽孢杆菌数量动态,结果表明,水体中异养细菌、弧菌、芽孢杆菌在养殖前期不稳定,中后期趋于稳定,数量波动范围分别为1.8×103～1.2×105/mL、1.4×102～4.0×103/mL、1.6×102～1.7×103/mL,水体中异养细菌数量平均为1.95×104/mL;沉积物中异养细菌较稳定,弧菌呈先升后降趋势,芽孢杆菌呈上升趋势,三者的数量均高出水体2～3个数量级,数量波动范围分别为1.0×106～2.2×107/g、7.0×103～4.7×105/g、4.7×106～2.4×106/g,异养细菌数量平均为9.16×106/g     

南美白对虾虾苗淡化期间发光病病原研究

2002年,浙江某南美白对虾(Penaeusvannamei)苗种场在虾苗淡化过程中发生了发光病.通过对典型发光病虾的镜检、细菌分离,结果从濒死病虾体内分离到4株细菌,其中菌株Pv-1在TCBS和TSA培养基上均能发光,用此菌株浸泡感染健康南美白对虾,可复制出发光病虾,且有较高的死亡率。对Pv-1进行了培养特性和生化特性鉴定,确定Pv-1为革兰氏阴性菌,菌体呈直杆状,大小为1.5μm×0.8μm,极生单鞭毛运动,氧化酶阳性,发酵葡萄糖,对弧菌抑制剂0 129(150μg)敏感,经鉴定为哈维氏弧菌(Vibrioharveyi).由此表明哈维氏弧菌为此次南美白对虾虾苗淡化期间发光病的病原.     

动物性饵料对养殖水体中菌数和理化因子的影响

向大海马(Hippocampus kudaB leeker)养殖池中投喂动物性饵料桡足类、杂碎鱼虾等饵料后,亲海马实验组、幼海马实验组以及空白对照组水体环境因子参数差异明显,投喂杂碎鱼虾的亲海马组与投喂桡足类的幼海马组的细菌数量均高于空白对照组。3组处理后表层异养菌平均数量变动范围分别为4×103~1.78×105CFU/mL,2.5×103~7.2×104CFU/mL,2×102~5.5×103CFU/mL,而底层异养菌则分别为6.53×103~1.59×105CFU/mL,1.5×103~7.5×104CFU/mL,5×102~1.0×104CFU/mL。表层弧菌平均数量变动范围分别为55~4.08×103CFU/mL,85~7.19×103CFU/mL,10~123 CFU/mL,而底层弧菌则分别为1.13×102~7.48×103CFU/mL,2.66×102~1.16×104CFU/mL,10~175 CFU/mL。差异显著性分析结果表明,亲海马组与幼海马组细菌数量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。而亲海马组与空白组除表层弧菌数量差异不显著外,其余,底层弧菌、表底层异养细菌数量呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。空白组与幼海马组细菌数量均呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。3组池水温变化相差不大,亲海马组、幼海马组中NH4 -N含量呈升高之势,DO极不稳定,有机残留物含量、细菌数量增加趋势,导致水质恶化。     

刺参养殖池塘的水质变化

通过检测刺参养殖池塘底层水的11项理化指标和细菌数量,研究山东省莱州刺参养殖池塘水质的全年变化规律。结果显示各项指标变化范围:池塘水温4.97～29.73℃,pH值7.83～8.37,盐的质量分数2.70%～2.88%,溶解氧、硫化物、亚硝酸盐、氨氮、总氮、活性磷、总磷和COD的质量浓度分别为3.81～9.03 mg/L、0.010～0.049 mg/L、0.023～0.051 mg/L、0.002～0.156 mg/L、1.941～3.813 mg/L、0.024～0.047 mg/L、0.031～0.111 mg/L和6.17～47.73 mg/L;异养菌数量为1.91×103～2.71×104(CFU)/mL,弧菌数量为2.92×10～4.50×103(CFU)/mL。弧菌数量占异养菌数的比例在11月份和4月份出现2个峰值,分别为22.92%和21.60%。表明刺参养殖池塘水质一直处于变动状态,各理化指标之间以及和细菌数量之间关系复杂紧密,外界影响因素的轻微变化会导致池塘各指标的连锁反应。     

高位虾池水体细菌和弧菌的数量变化及影响因素

研究了位于广东湛江东海岛北寮村和庵里村的4个凡纳滨对虾(Penaeus vannamei)高位池养殖过程水体中的可培养异养细菌和弧菌的数量变化及其影响因素.结果表明:1)北寮村虾池BL1和BL2的可培养异养细菌数量变化均呈现中间高两头低、后期多于初期的单峰变化趋势;BL1的弧菌数量变化趋势和可培养异养细菌的变化趋势相似,而BL2则是前期稍微升高而后下降,后期又呈升高态势,峰值出现在养殖末期;水源地BL3的可培养异养细菌数量变化为初期平缓,后期明显多于初期,大体呈上升态势;而BL3弧菌数量变化趋势则比较平缓.2)庵里村发病的虾池AL1的可培养异养细菌和弧菌数量呈现出单峰变化趋势,在养殖中途爆发病害时,可培养异养细菌数量高出未发病的正常池2个数量级;庵里村虾池AL2的可培养异养细菌数量变化趋势也是中间高两头低,而弧菌的数量变化则是无规律的波动;水源地AL3的可培养异养细菌数量变化大体呈下降趋势,弧菌数量放养初期最高.3)高位虾池的可培养异养细菌和弧菌数量虽多于水源地,但差异不显著,同一个位点,细菌和弧菌数量呈现同步增多或减少.虾场水体的可培养异养细菌和弧菌数量与多数环境因子之间相关性不显著,这与虾池养殖生态系统受人为因素影响较大有关,同时反映了高位虾池生态系统受多种因子作用的复杂性.     

虾池沉积环境中若干功能菌及弧菌的时空变化

2003年10月～2004年5月在泉州东海一新建虾池与一池龄15年的老旧虾池,采用平板计数方法研究底泥环境中可培养异养菌(HB)、淀粉降解菌(AB)、有机磷降解菌(OPB)、无机磷溶解菌(INP)、几丁质降解菌(CB)、油脂降解菌(LB)、纤维素降解菌(CLB)、硫氧化细菌(SOB)等各种功能菌以及弧菌(VB)数量的变化情况,并对它们与可培养异养菌之间的相关关系进行了探讨.结果表明,在整个养殖期中,新池泥样中可培养异养菌总数范围在1.95×104～7.7×105 CFU/g之间, 旧池泥样中可培养异养菌总数范围在2×104～1.88×105 CFU/g之间,两池的数量变化波动均较大,其它功能菌与异养菌相似,在整个养殖周期也是呈现较大的波动幅度, 但统计分析表明淀粉降解菌、有机磷降解菌、油脂降解菌、弧菌等与可培养异养细菌之间呈现着明显的正相关,而几丁质降解菌、无机磷溶解菌、纤维素降解菌以及硫氧化细菌与异养菌之间则无明显的相关关系.     

项目超市

T0504053无公害健康养殖南美白对虾技术养殖南美白对虾需要良好的地质、地貌条件,选择水源充足,具有淡水水源(或用地下咸水)、无工业污染源、饵料生物量丰富、交通方便的地方建造养虾池。选择体长在1.2-1.5cm,群体发育正常、整齐、无损伤、肌肉饱满透明、附肢色素正常、胃肠内食物充盈,弹跳活泼、游泳时身体平衡、对水流刺激反应灵敏、逆水性强,体表无脏物、经过检疫的正常健康虾苗。如养殖池盐度低,虾苗的淡化盐度应不超过5‰,而且是经淡化后肠道内食物充盈无断条的虾苗。放苗选择晴天早晨或傍晚,温度稳定在16℃以上时进行,在上风口使虾苗…     

鳗鲡养殖循环水处理系统细菌的组成及其数量

为研究鳗鲡养殖循环水处理系统中细菌的组成与数量,从循环水处理系统中的养殖池、沉淀池、生物膜池、滤池和紫外消毒池采集水样,并从生物膜池和滤池中采集附着生物样品,分别用平板菌落计数法和16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析法进行细菌计数和附着样品的细菌组成分析.结果表明:1)养殖水经过各处理环节后,水体中细菌数量逐渐减少,如由养殖池中的2.98×106CFU/L降低至牡蛎壳填料滤池中的9.30×105CFU/L,再经过紫外消毒池后,水体中细菌数量又减少了96%,再降低至3.53×104CFU/L.2)生物膜池的尼龙丝挂网载体和滤池中牡蛎壳填料上附着细菌数量较多,其数量分别高达1.39×108CFU/g和1.52×108CFU/g.牡蛎壳上的附着细菌主要分为3大类:分别属于变形菌门(包括α-、β-和γ-变形菌纲)、拟杆菌门和异常球菌-栖热菌门,其中以β-变形菌纲细菌为优势类群,大部分细菌对环境有机物具有良好的分解作用.     

高位虾池水体细菌和弧菌的密度变化及影响因素

研究了位于广东湛江东海岛北寮村和庵里村的4个凡纳滨对虾(Penaeus vannamei)高位池养殖过程水体中的可培养异养细菌和弧菌的密度变化及其影响因素.结果表明:1)北寮村虾池BL1和BL2的可培养异养细菌密度变化均呈现中间高两头低、后期多于初期的单峰变化趋势;BL1的弧菌密度变化趋势和可培养异养细菌的变化趋势相似,而BL2则是前期稍微升高而后下降,后期又呈升高态势,峰值出现在养殖末期;水源地BL3的可培养异养细菌密度变化为初期平缓,后期明显多于初期,大体呈上升态势,而BL3弧菌密度变化趋势则比较平缓.2)庵里村发病的虾池AL1的可培养异养细菌和弧菌密度呈现出单峰变化趋势,在养殖中途爆发病害时,可培养异养细菌密度高出未发病的正常池2个数量级;庵里村虾池AL2的可培养异养细菌密度变化趋势也是中间高两头低,而弧菌的密度变化则是无规律的波动;水源地AL3的可培养异养细菌密度变化大体呈下降趋势,弧菌密度放养初期最高.3)高位虾池的可培养异养细菌和弧菌密度虽多于水源地,但差异不显著,同一个位点,细菌和弧菌密度呈现同步增多或减少.虾场水体的可培养异养细菌和弧菌密度与多数环境因子之间相关性不显著,这与虾池养殖生态系统受人为因素影响较大有关,同时反映了高位虾池生态系统受多种因子作用的复杂性.     

凡纳对虾淡化养殖健康虾池水体生态研究

对20个凡纳对虾Litopenaeus vannamai淡化养殖健康虾池水体理化及生物因子进行调查,调查结果健康虾池大小(0.48±0.19)hm2,水深(145±13)cm,最适放苗密度(148±30)万尾/hm2,盐度(2±2)‰,水温(30.6±3.3)℃,溶解氧(5.5±1.5)mg/L,pH值8.5±0.7,透明度(19±5)cm,氨氮(0.65±0.76)mg/L,亚硝基氮(0.15±0.17)mg/L,化学耗氧量(21.52±5.45)mg/L.虾池藻类种类数为43±8种,密度(1.51±0.76)×10 8个/L,多样性指数2.15±0.49,藻类优势种12种,蓝藻6种,硅藻2种,绿藻3种,隐藻1种,健康虾池优势种以螺旋藻Spirulina sp.为主,种群丰富度高而稳定.虾池原生动物种类数为14±3种,密度(2.71±1.79)×10 5 个/L,多样性指数2.01±0.47,优势种9种,圆筒状拟铃壳虫Tintinnopsis cylindrata、毛板壳虫Coleps hirtus和海洋帆口虫Pleuronema marinuum为常见优势种,优势种主要是食细菌-碎屑类.健康虾池水体异养菌群数量(2.37±1.83)×10 7 cfu/L,弧菌数量(11.77±13.86)×10 5 cfu/L,底泥异养细菌总数(7.90±29.08)×10 8 cfu/L,弧菌总数(1.18±3.27)×107cfu/L.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.