桥墩湖浮游植物调查以及鲢、鳙鱼产力的研究

2011年9月在湖北省对养殖水体桥墩湖的浮游藻类进行了调查,共鉴定出浮游藻类5门40属43种.浮游藻类的平均细胞数量为1.02×108个/L,平均生物量为14.56 mg/L.浮游动物29种,平均数量和生物量分别为13 189.62个/L、15.71 mg/L.其中中华小尖头藻(Raphidiopsis sinensia)、假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena sp.)和中华平裂藻(Merismopedia sinica)占到了总的浮游藻类细胞密度的80;.从生物量来说,优势种为硅藻门的尖针杆藻(Synedra acus),达到了总生物量的15.64;,以及浮游动物的轮虫为74.64;.     

南美白对虾大棚高效养殖池塘理化因子与浮游藻类动态变化研究

本文设计大棚高效养殖池塘养殖南美白对虾。对同一大棚内4口池塘的养殖效果和养殖水体中部分理化因子、浮游藻类进行监测。结果表明:理化因子方面,水温在16.85~31.75℃之间波动,整体呈上升趋势;pH在7.41~9.36之间波动,峰值出现在养殖初期,之后逐渐下降到一个稳定水平;溶解氧保持在5 mg/L以上;氨氮含量在0.20~6.56 mg/L之间,峰值出现在5月下旬至6月上旬;亚硝酸盐氮含量在0.002~29.5 mg/L之间,在5月底至6月初出现爆发性增加;浮游藻类方面,养殖池溏出现的浮游藻类6门36种(属),其中绿藻门13种(属),甲藻门6种(属),硅藻门6种(属),金藻门6种(属),裸藻门3种(属),蓝藻门2种(属)。优势种共9种(属),绿藻门的优势种为拟衣藻、卵囊藻、球衣藻,硅藻门的优势种为小环藻、菱形藻,甲藻门的优势种为裸甲藻,金藻门的优势种为小土栖藻,蓝藻门的优势种为色球藻、颤藻,其中色球藻的优势度指数明显高于其他优势种,整个养殖周期中浮游藻类的细胞总数在3.07×10~6~729.44×10~6 cell/L之间;养殖效果方面,4口池塘平均产量为1 335±25.5 kg/667 m~2,平均成活率为77.88%±1.49%,平均饵料系数为1.51±0.04。     

镜湖角突臂尾轮虫种群增长参数的克隆多样性

以采自芜湖市镜湖水体中的11个角突臂尾轮虫(Brachionus angularis)克隆为对象,在(25±1)℃,0.5×10~6、1.0×10~6和2.0×10~6个细胞/m L的斜生栅藻(Scenedemus obliquus)密度下,应用群体累积培养法研究了角突臂尾轮虫种群增长参数的克隆多样性.结果表明,轮虫的种群增长率、最大种群密度、种群中的平均混交率和平均受精率与食物密度之间的关系具有较高的克隆多样性,食物密度、克隆以及两者间的交互作用对轮虫种群增长率、最大种群密度、平均混交率和平均受精率均有极显著性影响(P0.01).研究角突臂尾轮虫种群增长参数的克隆在所有的食物密度和克隆组合中,克隆2在2.0×10~6个细胞/m L食物密度下的种群增长率和最大种群密度均最高,克隆3在1.0×10~6个细胞/m L食物密度下平均混交率最高,克隆3和9在2.0×10~6个细胞/m L食物密度下的平均受精率最高.因此,在开展角突臂尾轮虫的规模化培养时,拟首选克隆2和2.0×10~6个细胞/m L的斜生栅藻密度;而欲开展角突臂尾轮虫休眠卵的批量生产,则拟选择克隆3和1.0×10~6个细胞/m L的斜生栅藻密度.     

深圳福田红树林区浮游藻类时空分布的研究

在2005年11月(秋)、2006年1月(冬)、2006年4月(春),分别对深圳福田红树林保护区5个水质监测站的浮游藻类进行采样研究.共鉴定到浮游藻类5门27属52种(含1变种和9未知种),密度在1.2×106～8.8×106个/L之间,平均密度为4.9×106个/L.硅藻门种类最多,有17属35种(含未知7种),占总种类数的67.3%,而且密度最大,高达8.7×106个/L;最少为隐藻门的种类,尚未发现甲藻门的种类.耐污染特征的种类如极微小环藻(Cyclotella caspia)、颤藻(Oscillatoria spp.)和小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)是藻类群落的主要成分.各站分布的藻类群落组成季节差异明显,而种类数和密度并没有明显的季节变化.各站的优势种和优势类群存在时空差异.评价各站水质,反映出该红树林区水体处在中营养至富营养化状态.     

高位虾池水体细菌和弧菌的密度变化及影响因素

研究了位于广东湛江东海岛北寮村和庵里村的4个凡纳滨对虾(Penaeus vannamei)高位池养殖过程水体中的可培养异养细菌和弧菌的密度变化及其影响因素.结果表明:1)北寮村虾池BL1和BL2的可培养异养细菌密度变化均呈现中间高两头低、后期多于初期的单峰变化趋势;BL1的弧菌密度变化趋势和可培养异养细菌的变化趋势相似,而BL2则是前期稍微升高而后下降,后期又呈升高态势,峰值出现在养殖末期;水源地BL3的可培养异养细菌密度变化为初期平缓,后期明显多于初期,大体呈上升态势,而BL3弧菌密度变化趋势则比较平缓.2)庵里村发病的虾池AL1的可培养异养细菌和弧菌密度呈现出单峰变化趋势,在养殖中途爆发病害时,可培养异养细菌密度高出未发病的正常池2个数量级;庵里村虾池AL2的可培养异养细菌密度变化趋势也是中间高两头低,而弧菌的密度变化则是无规律的波动;水源地AL3的可培养异养细菌密度变化大体呈下降趋势,弧菌密度放养初期最高.3)高位虾池的可培养异养细菌和弧菌密度虽多于水源地,但差异不显著,同一个位点,细菌和弧菌密度呈现同步增多或减少.虾场水体的可培养异养细菌和弧菌密度与多数环境因子之间相关性不显著,这与虾池养殖生态系统受人为因素影响较大有关,同时反映了高位虾池生态系统受多种因子作用的复杂性.     

遵义市两种行道树树皮着生藻类物种多样性及其群落特征研究

2017年12月对遵义市主城区常见的二球悬铃木(Platanus acerifolia)和香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)等2种行道树树皮着生藻类进行采集、鉴定和统计分析。初步检出树皮着生藻类共18种,以蓝藻和绿藻种类为主。其中,二球悬铃木检出15种树皮着生藻类,种类组成表现为蓝藻>绿藻;香樟检出10种树皮着生藻类,种类组成表现为绿藻>蓝藻。2种行道树树皮着生藻类优势种均为颗粒粘球藻(Gloeocapsa granosa)和点形粘球藻(Gloeocapsa punctata)。树皮着生藻类平均密度为(1.05±0.17)×10~5 cells·cm~(-2);其中,在二球悬铃木和香樟树皮上分别为(0.94±0.10)×10~5 cells·cm~(-2)和(1.16±0.11)×10~5 cells·cm~(-2)。树皮着生藻类密度在不同树种之间和采样朝向之间均具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。二球悬铃木和香樟树皮着生藻类群落的Shannon-Weaver指数(H′)分别为1.13和1.33;向水侧和背水侧的H′分别为1.11和1.19。     

南昌市艾溪湖浮游藻类的多样性调查与评价

于2011年1、4、7月份对艾溪湖的浮游藻类进行取样调查.研究表明:艾溪湖水体中共发现藻类6门,40属;其中绿藻门种类最多,有19属;其次是蓝藻门和硅藻门分别为9属和8属.浮游藻类的细胞密度变化从62.45×106～395.52×106个/L,平均数量为209.76×106个/L;冬、春两季优势种类为绿藻门的栅藻属;夏天则为蓝藻门的平裂藻,占总藻类数的77.04;.多样性指数、物种丰富度、均匀度这3个指数值均表明水体已经严重污染.     

甘蔗渣悬浮颗粒和芽孢杆菌在凡纳滨对虾高位池养殖中的应用

向凡纳滨对虾高位池(面积均为0.067 m~2)养殖环境中添加甘蔗渣悬浮颗粒与芽孢杆菌,设置不同梯度放养量,分别放养6万与16万尾虾苗,各处理组为对照组6、蔗渣和菌组6,对照组16、蔗渣和菌组16,通过测定水质、细菌数量和对虾生长等指标,评估对养殖环境和对虾生长的影响,实验结果表明:各组生物絮团含量最大值分别为1.1 m L/L,1.0 m L/L,0.4m L/L,0.4 m L/L,都维持在较低水平,各养殖密度条件下添加蔗渣和菌组都大于相应对照组,这说明甘蔗渣悬浮颗粒和芽孢杆菌的添加,对水体中生物絮团的形成有一定的促进作用。各养殖密度下蔗渣和菌组水体中芽孢杆菌数量维持在10~4 cfu/m L左右,而对照组都则维持在10~2 cfu/m L左右,蔗渣和菌组分别大于相应对照组,而弧菌数量在实验后期要低于相应对照组,原因可能是甘蔗渣悬浮颗粒的添加,为芽孢杆菌提供了大量的附着基,有效增加了水体中芽孢杆菌数量,抑制了弧菌生长。收获时,蔗渣和菌组6对虾体重为9.09±0.43 g,对照组6为8.19±0.36 g,显著大于对照组(P0.05);蔗渣和菌组16(10.42±0.55g)也显著大于对照组16(8.33±0.51 g)(P0.05);蔗渣和菌组6的产量为325 kg,比对照组6高100 kg;蔗渣和菌16组最终产量为381 kg,比对照组16高276.5 kg。研究表明:甘蔗渣悬浮颗粒和芽孢杆菌的添加,能促进生物絮团的形成,增加和维持水体中芽孢杆菌等有益菌的数量,改善养殖环境,促进对虾生长,提高对虾产量和成活率。     

鲢对富营养化水体的消减作用研究

以鲢为对象,通过设计室内试验,控制水体总磷(TP)和叶绿素a(Chl a)的初始浓度(0.355mg/L,57μg/L),改变总氮(TN)浓度(2.892mg/L和3.714mg/L浓度梯度),研究了鲢对设定富营养化水体的消减作用.结果表明,向100L实验水体中投入(10±1)g鲢(1尾)后,两种处理组水体中TP、TN和Chl a均降低,但初始TN浓度为3.714mg/L时鲢对富营养化水体的作用效果比TN浓度为2.892mg/L显著,表明鲢对富营养化水体的治理与TN浓度相关.     

自来水中添加N,P后的浮游藻类生长试验

为了解水体营养物质低限浓度对浮游植物生长的影响,于2006年4月研究了浮游植物在自来水及添加不同浓度氮和磷后的自来水中生长情况.结果表明,在自来水中,浮游藻类仍然能够大量生长繁殖,培养28 d后个体密度可达8.00×104 inds·L-1.在添加总氮(TN)浓度分别为0.8,0.4,0.2,0.1,0.05和0.025 mg·L-1的自来水样中,浮游藻类浮游藻类密度分别达到1.69×105,2.81×105,1.19×105,1.03×105,5.88×104和8.12×104 inds·L-1.在添加总磷(TP)浓度分别为0.16,0.08,0.04,0.02,0.01和0.005 mg·L-1 的自来水样中,密度分别达到1.71×106,7.23×105,5.13×105,5.00×105,3.85×105和3.75×105 inds·L-1.藻类密度与添加的TN浓度之间关系为y=-88 650x2 895 456x 26 326,与TP浓度之间关系为y=8×106x 262 582.添加P对藻类生长的影响比N更为显著.控制水体氮磷浓度难以达到控制浮游植物大量繁殖的目的.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.