柔性PET衬底上ZnO薄膜的制备、电学性质及激光辐照效应

室温下采用中频反应磁控溅射技术在柔性PET(Polyethylene terephthalate)衬底上沉积了ZnO薄膜。研究了溅射功率和氩氧流量比对薄膜电学性质的影响,获得室温沉积柔性ZnO薄膜的优化工艺条件为溅射功率20 W和氩氧流量比1:1。采用不同能量密度的激光辐照,有效改善了柔性ZnO薄膜的晶体结构和电学性能。原子力显微镜(AFM)和X射线衍射(XRD)测试结果显示,激光辐照可使薄膜表面ZnO颗粒产生团聚融合,并在(100)和(101)晶面上产生明显的取向生长,薄膜由非晶转为多晶结构。Hall性质的研究结果表明,激光辐照可有效提高ZnO薄膜的载流子浓度,降低电阻率,改善室温沉积柔性ZnO薄膜导电性能。     

靶电流密度对射频溅射制备无掺杂a-Si:H薄膜特性的影响

一、引言在(Ar+H_2)气氛中溅射制备的a-Si∶H 薄膜已具有与SiH_4辉光放电制备的薄膜相近的性能,可以用于制造太阳电池等器件.但a-Si∶H 薄膜的性质对制备条件非常敏感.为获得性能优良稳定的薄膜,各实验室已对制备条件进行了许多研究.但关于射频电流或功率的影响之报道尚比较少.Jeffrey 等曾报道,增加溅射功率可以减少a-Si∶H薄膜中的SiH_2键密度,而得到几乎只含SiH 键的薄膜.Martin 和Pawlewice 也报道了溅射时靶的功率密度对a-Si∶H 薄膜的氢含量和氢的键合形式有显著的影响.本工作     

在SiO2衬底上生长多晶Ge薄膜的结晶机制研究

在低温条件下生长的多晶Ge薄膜在光伏器件和电子器件领域具有非常广泛的应用。在实验研究中,利用Al诱导结晶的生长方法在200℃的低温条件下,在SiO_2衬底上生长出结晶质量很好的多晶Ge薄膜。实验中,特意在Al薄膜和非晶Ge薄膜之间生长了一层很薄的GeO_x扩散控制层。研究发现,在Al/a-Ge双层薄膜样品中,当Al薄膜与非晶Ge薄膜完成层交换后,生长出的多晶Ge薄膜的晶向得到了有效控制。在非晶Ge薄膜转变为多晶Ge薄膜的结晶过程中,通过进一步控制Ge晶颗粒的成核位置和密度以及二维生长的速率就可以制备出微米量级大小的Ge晶颗粒和(111)晶向较好的多晶Ge薄膜。     

激光晶化多晶硅的制备与XRD谱

对氢化非晶硅（a-Si∶H）进行了脱氢和不同能量密 度的准分子激光晶化多晶硅的实验, 对所得样品用X射线衍射表征. 针对多晶硅（111）面特征峰的强度、 晶面间距和宽化信息, 分析了激光功率密度对晶化多晶硅结晶度和应力的影响, 根据谢乐公式（Scherrer）估算了晶粒的大小, 得到用准分子激光晶化多晶硅的较佳工艺参数, 并且验证了激光辐射对薄膜材料作用的3种情况.     

退火条件对多晶硅薄膜光电性能的影响

采用氢等离子体加热的方法晶化a-Si:H薄膜制备多晶硅薄膜,用Raman散射谱和傅里叶变换红外吸收谱(FT-IR)等方法进行表征和分析.研究了退火的射频功率、衬底温度和退火时间对薄膜微结构和光电性能的影响.结果表明,薄膜的氢含量是影响薄膜光学带隙的主要因素,而薄膜的结晶度是影响薄膜暗电导率的主要因素.     

溅射功率对 ZnO ∶Mn 薄膜结构、应力和光电性能的影响

利用直流磁控溅射法,在玻璃衬底上制备掺锰氧化锌（ZnO ∶Mn）透明导电薄膜．研究了溅射功率对薄膜结构、力学性能和光电性能的影响．功率对薄膜应力影响不是很大,且应力均为负值,表现为压应力．溅射功率通过改变晶粒尺寸和结晶程度而影响薄膜的导电性能：当溅射功率为135 W 时,薄膜的电阻率具有最小值为1．10×10－2Ω·cm．实验表明,功率是影响 ZnO ∶Mn 薄膜性能的一个重要参量．     

射频磁控溅射方法制备氧化钒薄膜的研究

利用射频磁控溅射的方法．在不同的衬底温度和溅射功率下制备了氧化钒薄膜样品，并在纯氩气环境下作了退火处理，用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜扫描图像，对样品进行研究．XRD分析显示退火前样品为非晶态，退火后为结晶态．并用激光共聚焦显微镜对图像做了验证．对比退火后样品的XRD图谱显示在其它条件相同时．可以通过增大溅射功率或降低衬底温度．来提高退火后薄膜样品的结晶程度，并增强V2O5(001)晶面的取向性；通过对比退火前样品的XPS谱可知在其它条件相同时，通过升高衬底温度或减小溅射功率．可以提高薄膜样品中高价钒的含量．     

激光再结晶多晶硅/二氧化硅界面性质的测定

我们用常规的高频和准静态C-V技术测量了氩离子激光再结晶多晶硅/二氧化硅界面的氧化物固定电荷密度N_f和界面态陷阱密度N_(it)。结果表明,和未再结晶的热退火样品相比,激光再结晶后,背界面的界面态密度大幅度下降。该界面态性质还与二氧化硅的生长方法和条件有关。在硅单晶抛光片上用氯化氢氧化法或三氯乙烯氧化法热生长约1400A的SiO_2层,然后用低压化学气相淀积法淀积约5000A多晶硅薄膜。使用氩离子激光器连续扫描辐照样品,功率选用4.5W、扫描速度2cm/s、束斑直径40μm,交叠50％,衬底温度300℃—400℃。经激光再结晶后多晶硅薄膜的晶粒由原来的100A长大到数微米。     

nc-Si:H薄膜的微结构特征与光学特性

利用射频等离子体增强型化学气相沉积(RF-PECVD)工艺,以SiH4和H2作为反应气体源,在玻璃和石英衬底上制备了氢化纳米晶硅(nc-Si:H)薄膜.采用Raman散射谱、原子力显微镜(AFM)、透射光谱方法对在不同衬底温度与不同H2稀释比条件下沉积生长薄膜的微结构和光学特性进行了实验研究.结果表明,nc-Si:H薄膜的晶粒尺寸为2.6～7.0nm和晶化率为45%～48%.在一定反应压强、衬底温度和射频功率下,随着H2稀释比的增加,薄膜的沉积速率降低,但晶化率和晶粒尺寸均有所增加,相应光学吸收系数增大.而在一定反应压强、射频功率和H2稀释比下,随着衬底温度的增加,沉积速率增加,薄膜晶化率提高.     

二元单相铜合金再结晶研究

金属与合金的再結晶是金属与合金强度問題的一个組成部分,特別是耐热强度問題中的一个重要部分。可以一般地說,金属与合金的再結晶溫度愈高,耐热强度就愈高.所以根据合金元素对再結晶的影响可以初步判断它們对耐热强度的影响,这对耐热合金的研究是很重要的.另一方面,再結晶問題是金属物理方面的一个古老的問題,然而关于再結晶机構和理論迄今并未圓滿解决,特別是合金再結晶問題由于缺乏系統的研究,     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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