烧结铁矿中FeO含量对其在富氢高炉中还原行为的影响

Japan started the national project “COURSE 50” for CO₂ reduction in the 2000s. This project aimed to establish novel technologies to reduce CO₂ emissions with partially utilization of hydrogen in blast furnace-based ironmaking by 30% by around 2030 and use it for practical applications by 2050. The idea is that instead of coke, hydrogen is used as the reducing agent, leading to lower fossil fuel consumption in the process. It has been reported that the reduction behavior of hematite, magnetite, calcium ferrite, and slag in the sinter is different, and it is also considerably influenced by the sinter morphology. This study aimed to investigate the reduction behavior of sinters in hydrogen enriched blast furnace with different mineral morphologies in CO–CO₂–H₂ mixed gas. As an experimental sample, two sinter samples with significantly different hematite and magnetite ratios were prepared to compare their reduction behaviors. The reduction of wustite to iron was carried out at 1000, 900, and 800°C in a CO–CO₂–H₂ atmosphere for the mineral morphology-controlled sinter, and the following findings were obtained. The reduction rate of smaller amount of FeO led to faster increase of the reduction rate curve at the initial stage of reduction. Macro-observations of reduced samples showed that the reaction proceeded from the outer periphery of the sample toward the inside, and a reaction interface was observed where reduced iron and wustite coexisted. Micro-observations revealed three layers, namely, wustite single phase in the center zone of the sample, iron single phase in the outer periphery zone of the sample, and iron oxide-derived wustite FeO and iron, or calcium ferrite-derived wustite 'FeO' and iron in the reaction interface zone. A two-interface unreacted core model was successfully applied for the kinetic analysis of the reduction reaction, and obtained temperature dependent expressions of the chemical reaction coefficients from each mineral phases.     

Mg和La对Ca–Ti 处理钢中夹杂物演变和组织的影响

The evolution of inclusions and the formation of acicular ferrite (AF) in Ca–Ti treated steel was systematically investigated after Mg and La addition. The inclusions in the molten steel were Ca–Al–O, Ca–Al–Mg–O, and La–Mg–Ca–Al–O after Ca, Mg, and La addition, respectively. The type of oxide inclusion in the final quenched samples was the same as that in the molten steel. However, unlike those in molten steel, the inclusions were Ca–Al–Ti–O + MnS, Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS, and La–Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS in Mg-free, Mg-containing, and La-containing samples, respectively. The inclusions distributed dispersedly in the La-containing sample. In addition, the average size of the inclusions in the La-containing sample was the smallest, while the number density of inclusions was the highest. The size of effective inclusions (nucleus of AF formation) was mainly in the range of 1–3 μm. In addition, the content of ferrite side plates (FSP) decreased, while the percentage of AF increased by 16.2% due to the increase in the number of effective inclusions in the La-containing sample in this study.     

摩擦焊接碳钢（EN24）和镍基高温合金（IN718）的显微组织和力学性能

Continuous-drive rotary friction welding was performed to join cylindrical specimens of carbon steel (EN24) and nickel-based superalloy (IN718), and the microstructures of three distinct weld zones—the weld interface (WI)/thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal—were examined. The joint was observed to be free of defects but featured uneven flash formation. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed substantial changes in high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle grain boundaries, and twin boundaries in the TMAZ and HAZ. Moreover, significant refinement in grain size (2–5 μm) was observed at the WI/TMAZ with reference to the base metal. The possible causes of these are discussed. The microhardness profile across the welded joint shows variation in hardness. The changes in hardness are ascribed to grain refinement, phase transformation, and the dissolution of strengthening precipitates. The tensile test results reveal that a joint efficiency of 100% can be achieved using this method.     

采用超声组装与滚压工艺制备铝–碳纳米管复合材料

This study introduced a novel fabrication of aluminum–carbon nanotube (CNT) composites by employing bulk acoustic waves and accumulative roll bonding (ARB). In this method, CNT particles were aligned using ultrasonic standing wave in an aqueous media, and the arrayed particles were precipitated on the aluminum plate substrate. Then, the plates rolled on each other through the ARB process with four passes. Optical and scanning electron micrographs demonstrated the effective aligning of CNTs on the aluminum substrate with a negligible deviation of arrayed CNTs through the ARB process. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the developed composites showed no peaks for carbon and aluminum carbide. In addition, tensile tests showed that the longitudinal strength of the specimens processed with aligned CNTs was significantly greater than that of the specimens with common randomly dispersed particles. The proposed technique is beneficial for the fabrication of Al–CNT composites with directional mechanical strength.     

活化天然矿石选择性还原二氧化碳为无定形碳

Natural magnetite formed by the isomorphism substitutions of transition metals, including Fe, Ti, Co, etc., was activated by mechanical grinding followed by H₂ reduction. The temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H₂-TPR) and temperature-programmed surface reaction of carbon dioxide (CO₂-TPSR) were carried out to investigate the processes of oxygen loss and CO₂ reduction. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the stability of spinel phases and oxygen-deficient degree significantly increased after natural magnetite was mechanically milled and reduced in H₂ atmosphere. Meanwhile, the activity and selectivity of CO₂ reduction into carbon were enhanced. The deposited carbon on the activated natural magnetite was confirmed as amorphous. The amount of carbon after CO₂ reduction at 300°C for 90 min over the activated natural magnetite was 2.87wt% higher than that over the natural magnetite.     

含钛高炉炉渣微波合成碳化钛及其介电性能测定

The preparation of functional material titanium carbide by the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with microwave heating is an effective method for valuable metals recovery; it can alleviate the environmental pressure caused by slag stocking. The dynamic dielectric parameters of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag/pulverized coal mixture under high-temperature heating are measured by the cylindrical resonant cavity perturbation method. Combining the transient dipole and large π bond delocalization polarization phenomena, the interaction mechanism of the microwave macroscopic non-thermal effect on the titanium carbide synthesis reaction was revealed. The material thickness range during microwave heating was optimized by the joint analysis of penetration depth and reflection loss, which is of great significance to the design of the microwave reactor for the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.     

汽车暴露面板带有表面条状缺陷的夹杂物分布特征分析:一种定量电解方法

The specific distribution characteristics of inclusions along with the sliver defect were analyzed in detail to explain the formation mechanism of the sliver defect on the automobile exposed panel surface. A quantitative electrolysis method was used to compare and evaluate the three-dimensional morphology, size, composition, quantity, and distribution of inclusions in the defect and non-defect zone of automobile exposed panel. The Al₂O₃ inclusions were observed to be aggregated or chain-like shape along with the sliver defect of about 3–10 μm. The aggregation sections of the Al₂O₃ inclusions are distributed discretely along the rolling direction, with a spacing of 3–7 mm, a length of 6–7 mm, and a width of about 3 mm. The inclusion area part is 0.04%–0.16% with an average value of 0.08%, the inclusion number density is 40 mm?2 and the inclusion average spacing is 25.13 μm. The inclusion spacing is approximately 40–160 μm, with an average value of 68.76 μm in chain-like inclusion parts. The average area fraction and number density of inclusions in the non-defect region were reduced to about 0.002% and 1–2 mm?2, respectively, with the inclusion spacing of 400 μm and the size of Al₂O₃ being 1–3 μm.     

在酸性溶液中加压氧化三价砷离子和二价铁离子

The co-oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) in acidic solutions by pressured oxygen was studied under an oxygen pressure between 0.5 and 2.0 MPa at a temperature of 150°C. It was confirmed that without Fe(II) ions, As(III) ions in the solutions are virtually non-oxidizable by pressured oxygen even at a temperature as high as 200°C and an oxygen pressure up to 2.0 MPa. Fe(II) ions in the solutions did have a catalysis effect on the oxidation of As(III), possibly attributable to the production of such strong oxidants as hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) and Fe(IV) in the oxidation process of Fe(II). The effects of such factors as the initial molar ratio of Fe(II)/As(III), initial pH value of the solution, oxygen pressure, and the addition of radical scavengers on the oxidation efficiencies of As(III) and Fe(II) were studied. It was found that the oxidation of As(III) was limited in the co-oxidation process due to the accumulation of the As(III) oxidation product, As(V), in the solutions.     

《梁山伯与祝英台》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》调式比较

《梁山伯与祝英台》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》两部作品的内容都取材于民间故事,都属于标题性音乐作品,作品曲式结构基本相同。不同之处是对造成悲剧原因的展示有着明显区别,主、副部主题的表现和运用截然相反,音乐的主基调有较大差异,作品的整体风格迥异。     

道教与魏晋南北朝文人的功利欲望

欲望是作家创作的内驱力,道教对中国古代文人的欲望有什么影响,这是研究中国古代文学和文学理论不能不思考的问题。本文从道教的功利性,文人纷纷走近道教,文学观念中的道教因素等方面,对道教与魏晋南北朝文人的功利欲望作些专门探讨。这无疑会拓展人们研究的新视界。     

有氧运动与身心健康探析

健康与运动是密不可分的,运动分为有氧和无氧,有氧运动较无氧运动更易普及和被大众接受,从人体长期参加有氧运动对人的身体健康和心理健康的角度来阐述有氧运动对人体的良好影响。     

文献信息情报工作在科技工作及立项决策中的作用

本文揭示了在当今信息市场形势下 ,文献信息情报工作在科技工作和经济立项决策中的作用 ,同时也指出 :图书馆文献信息工作者们能在强手如云的信息市场中占领一块阵地也应成为图书馆界的共识     

博客与高校思想政治教育

网络的发展为我们带来全新便捷的互动平台和交流方式,博客是当今传播文化的重要载体,因个体性、公共性、开放性、成本投入少等特点吸引着"90后"大学生广泛关注。在新形势的要求下,高校辅导员应主动占领网络博客思想政治教育新阵地,加强辅导员博客建设,根据大学生的心理特点,利用博客提升网络思想政治教育工作的吸引力和感染力,创新高校思想政治教育。     

楼兰的兴衰与环境变迁和环境灾害

通过对楼兰兴衰史及同一时期的环境变化的综合研究表明:楼兰的兴衰与环境的变迁、灾变密切相关,自然环境变迁、灾变是楼兰消亡的重要原因     

海洋科技发展演变的影响因素及规律探析

海洋科技在漫长的发展演变过程中,由于多种因素的交织作用而形成了特有的发展规律。基于分析影响海洋科技发展的诸如政治、经济、军事等各种因素,探讨海洋科技发展演变规律,有利于深层次理解海洋科技的发展历程、正确把握其发展脉络,并对未来的走势作出科学预测。     

文艺审美和民俗活动的对象与形态的融合与同构

人类的审美活动和民俗活动在本质及产生根源上具有许多相同性和相似性,所以文艺审美和民俗活动的对象与形态之间具有融合性与同构性.这主要体现在以下几个方面:文艺审美和民俗活动对象和形态的主客体统一性;文艺审美和民俗活动对象超个体与超功利的共同性;文艺审美和民俗在语言形态上的共通性;文艺审美和民俗活动在心理上的相似性.     

体质指数与心肺功能的增龄性变化及相关性研究

目的:研究体质指数(BMI)与心肺功能的增龄性变化特征,探讨二者的相关性。方法:以江苏省参加2011年国民体质监测的418名受试者为研究对象,使用身高体重计和功率自行车测试受试者的身高、体重、心脏功能能力和最大摄氧量等指标,研究不同性别BMI、心脏功能能力和最大摄氧量等指标的增龄性变化特征,分析BMI与性别、年龄、心脏功能能力和最大摄氧量等指标的相关性。结果:(1)男性BMI值的峰值出现在20-30岁年龄组,女性在该年龄段的BMI值则为谷值,男女性心脏功能和最大摄氧量的峰值均出现在30-40岁组年龄组,男女性BMI值、心脏功能和最大摄氧量三指标均在40-50岁组呈现不同程度的功能衰减趋势;男性BMI值、心脏功能和最大摄氧量三指标值均大于同龄组女性。(2)性别、年龄、心脏功能能力、最大摄氧量与BMI的相关度均较低,性别与BMI的关系是显著的(P<0.01)。(3)对机体进行适时的有氧运动干预可以有效地改善或提高人体的BMI和心肺功能。结论:在40-50岁进行长期的有氧运动干预可更为有效地改善或提高男女性的BMI和心肺功能。     

市场经济与高校科技产业

把高校科技产业的发展放在我国经济体制改革与市场体系的完善这一历史条件中加以考察，提出了两者之间存在的联系，高校科技产业不适应市场经济体制方面的问题及可采取的对策。