一种应用于FPGA时钟管理单元的锁相环设计

设计了一种应用于FPGA时钟管理的可变带宽锁相环.该锁相环采用开关电容滤波器实现可变电阻滤波功能,用反比N电流镜(N为反馈分频系数)来为电荷泵提供偏置,使电荷泵电流与偏置电路电流成1/N的比例关系.本文还提出了用虚拟开关减少了开关两端电压的非理想电荷效应,并设计了一种5级延时单元组成的环形压控振荡器,显著提升了输出频率范围.该锁相环实现了环路带宽与输入频率比值固定,从而使环路带宽能够自动跟随输入频率在较宽范围内变化,保证了其稳定性.本文采用CMOS 65nm数字工艺流片,电源电压为1.2V,作为时钟管理单元IP核嵌入于复旦大学自主研发的FDP5FPGA芯片中.测试表明,本文设计的PLL环路带宽在0.7MHz到13.4MHz能够跟随输入频率在18~252MHz范围内变化,输入频率与环路带宽比值近似为20,产生762MHz~1.7GHz的宽范围输出时钟,阻尼因子均方差不超过8%.     

基于锁相环芯片的锁模激光器稳频方法

提出了一种基于锁相环芯片的方法对作为光源的锁模激光器脉冲重复频率进行锁定,以提高射频拉远系统中光纤链路传输信号的频率稳定度.在分析了由锁相环芯片和锁模激光器构成的锁相环模型的基础上,分别设计和制作了工作于100 MHz和900 MHz的稳频电路,并在实验室环境下对脉冲重复频率约为100 MHz的锁模激光器进行了测试.测试表明,脉冲重复频率的频率稳定度可达到10~(-11),并且工作于900 MHz的稳频电路性能优于100 MHz.可以利用集成度较高的锁相环芯片,简单高效地提高锁模激光器的频率稳定度.     

基于锁相环芯片的锁模激光器稳频方法

提出了一种基于锁相环芯片的方法对作为光源的锁模激光器脉冲重复频率进行锁定,以提高射频拉远系统中光纤链路传输信号的频率稳定度.在分析了由锁相环芯片和锁模激光器构成的锁相环模型的基础上,分别设计和制作了工作于100 MHz和900 MHz的稳频电路,并在实验室环境下对脉冲重复频率约为100 MHz的锁模激光器进行了测试.测试表明,脉冲重复频率的频率稳定度可达到10~(-11),并且工作于900 MHz的稳频电路性能优于100 MHz.可以利用集成度较高的锁相环芯片,简单高效地提高锁模激光器的频率稳定度.     

一种高速低相位噪声锁相环的设计

设计了一种1．8V、SMIC0．18μm工艺的低噪声高速锁相环电路．通过采用环行压控振荡器,节省了芯片面积和成本．通过采用差分对输入形式的延时单元,很好地抑制了电源噪声．与传统的简单差分对反相器延时单元相比,该结构通过采用钳位管和正反馈管,实现了输出节点电位的快速转变,整个电路芯片测试结果表明：在输入参考频率为20MHz、电荷泵电流为40μA、带宽为100kHz时,该锁相环可稳定输出频率为7971MHz—1．272GHz的时钟信号,且在中心频率500kHz频编处相位噪声可减小至-94．3dBc／Hz。     

一种高性能电荷泵锁相环电路的设计与实现

设计了一种电荷泵锁相环电路.采用2/3分频电路、时序鉴相器、差分输入-单端输出结构的电荷泵和多级环形压控振荡器结构,外接PLL环路滤波器,利用SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺设计.Hspice仿真测试结果表明,实现的PLL可作为可编程倍频器,可调节范围宽,当锁相环锁住之后,控制电压几乎不变.所设计的PLL满足要求,可应用于频率合成器.     

一个1.2 V用于超宽带收发器的低抖动锁相环

设计了一款应用于超宽带无线收发器中的低抖动、低功耗、多相位输出、输出频率为528MHz和132 MHz的锁相环,包括了高频特性好的鉴频鉴相器、低电压抗抖动的电荷泵、经典的低电压对称负载差分延迟单元以及duty-buffer的双转单电路等.设计采用SMIC 0.13μm CMOS工艺,电源电压1.2 V.对电路进行了电路级仿真和系统级稳定性分析,并完成了版图设计和后仿.根据后仿结果,在TT@75℃、振荡频率为528 MHz情况下,周期抖动的p2p值为1 ps,功耗仅为4 mW.     

电荷泵对小数分频锁相环相位噪声的影响

与整数分频电荷泵锁相环不同,小数分频电荷泵锁相环中电荷泵对锁相环的性能有更大的影响,电荷泵的各种非理想因素将降低PLL输出相位噪声和杂散的性能.重点分析了电荷泵两种非理想因素对小数分频锁相环相位噪声和杂散的影响:非线性和电流失调.此外还分析了电荷泵电流源噪声对小数分频锁相环的影响,分析结果为优化电荷泵的电路设计提供理论依据.     

电荷泵锁相环设计方法研究

在归纳单端输出电流型电荷泵锁相环设计方法的基础上 ,给出单端输出电压型电荷泵锁相环的两种设计方法 :直接近似为电流型输出 ;串接电阻转换为电流型输出 .实验验证了其正确性 ,从而纠正了 Motorola公司设计方法的错误     

锁相环高性能电荷泵电路的设计

设计了一种新型电荷泵电路,该电路采用了差分反相器,可工作在2 V的低电压下,具有速度快、波形平滑、结构简单、功耗低等特点.HSpice仿真结果显示,电荷泵的工作频率为10 MHz时,功耗仅为0.1 mW,输出信号的电压范围宽(0~2 V).该电路可广泛应用于差分低功耗锁相环电路中.     

高性能电荷泵的锁相环电路

为满足锁相环电路高稳定性、低功耗的要求,提高其整体性能,通过对普通型电荷泵锁相环电路模块的改进,设计了一种高性能差分型电荷泵锁相环。该电路包括鉴频鉴相器、分频器、差分电荷泵和压控振荡器的电路结构。仿真结果表明：该差分型电荷泵锁相环的锁定时间为10μs、频率抖动为0.0002MHz、周期抖动为2 ps,与普通型电荷泵锁相环相比,可达到快锁低抖的目的。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to