微波辅助萃取沙棘叶多糖的研究

选取料液比、微波功率和萃取时间为因素，用正交试验的方法对微波辅助萃取沙棘叶多糖进行了研究．结果表明最佳萃取条件为：料液比(g：mL)1：40，微波功率540W，萃取时间50s．沙棘叶多糖提取率为5．25％．     

微波法复合提取鱼腥草黄酮和多糖工艺的研究

以鱼腥草干粉为原料，探讨了微波辅助水提法从同一鱼腥草原料中获得黄酮和多糖的工艺。研究结果表明，最佳复合提取工艺技术奈件为：首先采用微波预处理，其技术参数为料水比1：25、使用小火、处理2．0min：然后进行水浸提，其技术参数为温度70℃、时间2h、次数2次．在此条件下，鱼腥草黄酮和多糖复合提取的得率分别为1．606％和5．274％，总量达到6．880％．     

枸杞黄酮提取方法的比较研究

以宁夏枸杞总黄酮提取率为指标，利用正交设计优化实验条件，比较研究了微波提取与常用提取方法（回流提取法、超声波提取法）所得枸杞总黄酮的提取率，优选了枸杞总黄酮的提取方法．与回流法相比，超声波和微波提取法都能明显缩短提取时间，有效提高枸杞黄酮的提取率，特别是微波提取能显著提高枸杞黄酮的提取效率．微波提取的最佳实验条件为温度100℃，固液比1：30，火力3，提取时间20min．结果表明，用微波提取法提取宁夏枸杞总黄酮具有高效、省时的特点，值得在中药提取中推广应用．     

沙棘叶多酚的分离纯化及其活性分析

近年来，药食同源植物因其绿色环保引起了人们极大的关注。山西省是沙棘资源大省之一，但其开发利用远远不足。沙棘叶中富含黄酮、多酚、萜类等化合物，具备较好的保健与医药价值。因此，本研究优化了沙棘叶中自由酚、结合酚的提取，并对其抑制肿瘤细胞生长活性进行评价。首先比较了80%丙酮、80%乙醇、超纯水、80%甲醇、80%乙酸乙酯5种溶剂提取了沙棘叶自由酚的效率，结果发现沙棘叶甲醇提取物中总酚、黄酮、单宁含量均显著高于其他溶剂，且较其它4种溶剂的提取物，其对结肠癌细胞表现出显著的增殖抑制作用。然后采用不同的水解方法从甲醇提取自由态多酚后的沉淀物中提取沙棘叶结合酚，结果表明碱水解法得到的总酚、黄酮、单宁含量及对肿瘤细胞生长抑制活性显著高于酸水解法，且高于自由酚。为得到较纯的活性多酚，进一步分别选用极性、非极性的大孔树脂进行纯化，筛选出最优树脂为HPD600。然后用30%、60%、95%的乙醇梯度洗脱多酚，发现60%的乙醇洗脱液具较强抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的作用。本研究的实施为我省野生沙棘资源在生物医药领域的开发利用提供了理论依据。     

微波提取水杉黄酮工艺研究

采用正交试验方法，确立了微波法提取水杉黄酮的提取工艺条件。结果表明，最优提取条件为乙醇浓度80％，提取时间5min，固液比1：20g／mL，此时黄酮得率为1．601％     

微波法提取葛根黄酮的研究

采用微波技术提取葛根黄酮，并运用了均匀设计方法研究了葛根黄酮的提取试验，考察了微波强度、浸提时间、提取液的醇度及料液比等因素对提取结果影响。通过回归数学模型确定了微波提取葛根黄酮的最佳工艺条件：微波功率0．63kW，浸提时间15min，料液比(体积)1：25，醇度20％。     

新疆红景天黄酮提取方法的比较

运用微波技术提取红景天总黄酮，用比色法测定黄酮含量。测得红景天中黄酮含量20．87％，平均回收率为101．2％，RSD=1．63％(n=5)。结果显示，与常规法比较，微波法提取速度更快，提取率更高。     

正交试验法优选沙棘叶总黄酮的提取条件

优选沙棘叶总黄酮提取工艺。以总黄酮提取率为评价指标,利用正交试验L9（34）优选沙棘叶总黄酮提取工艺;水提取工艺最佳条件为提取温度80℃,提取时间为2h,料液比1∶12提取两次;水提法经济、成本低,提取率高,优选的沙棘叶总黄酮提取工艺可为新药研究和工业化制剂生产提供参考。     

微波法提取苦瓜叶中总黄酮

介绍了以苦瓜叶为原料用微波法提取总黄酮，通过正交试验对该方法进行了最佳条件的探讨．实验结果表明：以50％乙醇水溶液作提取溶剂，固液比1：35，微波照射2．5min，浸提时间45min，提取温度80℃，苦瓜叶中总黄酮提取率最高．     

微波辅助分步提取葡萄籽黄酮和多糖

以葡萄籽为材料,采用单因素和正交实验优化葡萄籽黄酮和多糖的微波辅助分步提取工艺。结果表明:黄酮提取的最佳条件:70%乙醇,料液比1:10(g/m L),微波功率100 W处理60 s,黄酮得率为57.73 mg/g;将提取黄酮后自然晾干的葡萄籽渣按料液比1:25(g/m L)加入水,微波功率150 W处理40 s,多糖得率为52.47 mg/g。优化后的微波辅助分步提取葡萄籽黄酮和多糖的方法,操作简单、快速、高效,提高了葡萄籽的附加值。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.