利用中空纤维超滤分离和浓缩灵芝多糖

采用中空纤维超滤器从灵芝菌发酵液中分离和浓缩灵芝多糖。结果表明，中空纤维超滤器具有截留率佳，总通量大，浓缩效果好等优点，为取代真空薄膜蒸馏法提供了一个较理想的分离和浓缩方法，适用于灵芝多糖的工业规模生产。     

碱性脂肪酶的发酵及提取工艺

对圆弧青霉ＰＧ３７发酵产酶工艺及脂肪酶提取工艺等进行了系统的研究。实验结果表明,２０ｍ３发酵罐在通风量为０．３～０．８Ｖ／Ｖ／ｍｉｎ、搅拌转速为１８０ｒ／ｍｉｎ、发酵温度为２８℃、培养过程中流加棉籽油以控制发酵醪ｐＨ值为６．５～７．０的条件下,发酵８４ｈ左右,成熟发酵醪酶活为４５２０Ｕ／ｍＬ。发酵液经过滤、超滤浓缩、硫铵沉淀、造粒等过程制得颗粒碱性脂肪酶成品,酶的提取总收率在７０％以上,颗粒酶活力单位为５．０×１０４Ｕ／ｇ。     

不对称氧化铝微滤膜管的微粒截留性能

采用熔模离心法一次成型制备的孔径沿径向梯度变化的不对称氧化铝膜管的载体,过滤层和控制层之间自然过渡,控制层孔径分布窄,能有效截留粒径不小于其最可几孔径的微粒。最可几孔径为０．１μｍ、孔径范围０．０８～０．１８μｍ的氧化铝微滤膜管能几乎完全截留原液中粒径大于０．１μｍ的微粒子,获得浊度几乎为零的澄清水,水的通量稳定于０．４５ｍ３／ｍ２·ｈ,渗透性能的恢复率大于９０％,截留性能保持不变,是一种性能良好的无机微滤膜管。     

TiO2吸附及超滤法部分纯化果菠萝蛋白酶的研究

果汁量4％的TiO2作为吸附剂,能够吸附菠萝榨汁中96％的果菠萝蛋白酶活力,然后以0．4MpH6．6的柠檬酸缓冲液可有效地进行洗脱,洗脱液先用截留值2万的超滤膜超滤,流出液再用截留值为5万的超滤膜超滤,最后所得截留液中果菠萝蛋白酶比活力达911单位／毫克蛋白,活力回收率为54％,纯化倍数7．9,蛋白质溶液浓缩10倍．     

黄原胶适宜培养条件的研究

分别研究了野油菜黄单胞菌ＳＤ－２液体种子培养和发酵产胶的适宜条件。液体种子培养的适宜条件为：起始ｐＨ７．０，ＣａＣｏ３ｉ浓度０，培养温度２９℃，５００ｍＬ三角瓶装量１００ｍＬ，发酵产胶的适宜条件为：起始ｐＨ７．，ＣａＣｏ３浓度０．２％，培养温度３１℃，５００ｍＬ。采用适宜条件发酵黄原胶，最终发酵液粘度为８７２０ｍＰａ．ｓ，黄原胶浓度为２．７８％，分别比对照提高了２５．３％和１５．４％。     

灵芝深层培养工艺的研究

为了提高发酵终了时灵芝菌丝浓度以获取高等真菌多糖，对灵芝ＡＳ．５．６５的深层培养工艺进行了研究。确定了最适发酵条件为：５％玉米淀粉、０．３％玉米浆、１％豆饼粉、０．６％糖蜜、０．１５％ＫＨ２ＰＯ４、０．０７５％ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ，ｐＨ５．５～６．０，温度２８℃，摇床转速１５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ，摇瓶种子培养３ｄ接种。接种量５％、装液量５０ｍＬ，培养５～６ｄ可终止发酵。最终菌体干重可达２７．５ｇ／Ｌ、含粗多糖２．６ｇ／Ｌ。     

TiO2吸附及超滤法部分纯化果菠萝蛋白酶的研究

果汁量4％的TiO2作为吸附剂,能够吸附菠萝榨汁中96％的果菠萝蛋白酶力,然后以0．4MpH6.6的柠檬酸缓冲液可有效地进行洗脱,洗脱洗先用截留值2万的超滤膜超滤,流出液再用截留值为5万的超滤膜超滤,最后所得截留液中果菠萝蛋白酶比活力达911单位／毫克蛋白,活力回收率为54％,纯化倍数7．9,蛋白质溶液浓缩10倍。     

嗜热芽孢杆菌β-半乳糖苷酶发酵条件研究

以嗜热芽孢杆菌为菌种,研究发酵生产β－半乳糖苷酶的条件。应用均匀设计法优化发酵培养基组成,结果为（ｇ／Ｌ）：乳糖０．５、蛋白胨２．０、牛肉浸膏２．０、Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４ ０．０１。在温度５５℃、初始ｐＨ７．０、摇床转速２００ｒ／ｍ ｉｎ 和１０％ 接种量条件下,发酵２４ｈ,β－半乳糖苷酶酶活力达１３．２Ｕ／ｍ Ｌ。在乳糖水解反应中,证实该酶能催化转半乳糖苷反应,合成半乳糖低聚糖。     

干酪素水解产物的膜分离

以干酪素酶解产物为介质对膜分离进行了研究。讨论了碱性和中性条件下膜分离过程中膜两侧浓度、流通量（Ｊ）和总氮截留率（σ）的变化。发现ｐＨ值低法染度高，截留分子量大的膜污染度大。用０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的氢氧化钠和５ｍＬ／Ｌ的８４消毒液浸泡洗涤可使膜的水通量恢复９４％。在干酪素水解的超滤中，阻力主要来自于凝胶层。凝胶层的阻力大１至２个数量级。     

气隙式膜蒸馏法分离浓缩透明质酸水溶液的研究

介绍了应用气隙式膜蒸馏分离技术对透明质酸热敏性水溶液的浓缩分离情况。结果表明，使用膜孔径为０．２μｍ的聚四氟乙烯微孔疏水可使原料液的浓度提高１．６倍以上，透明质酸截留率为８０％以上，探讨了循环时间、平均温差，热侧温度等条件对分离效果的影响，并讨论了膜蒸馏过程热效率的变化规律。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.