ACBK—CTMAB光度法测定铬(Ⅲ)的方法与探讨

关于微量铬的测定近年来有较多的报道。本文对Cr(Ⅲ)—ACBK—CTMAB体系的显色反应作了研究,拟定了在阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)存在下,酸性铬蓝K(ACBK)光度法测定微量铬的具体条件,该法表观摩尔吸光数可达2.34×10~4mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),络合物最大吸收波长为620nm,线性范围为0～31μg/50ml。     

光度法测定常量铬(Ⅲ)

在pH＝3.0～5.0,Cr(Ⅱ)与EDTA和溴代十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)生成紫红色三元络合物.其最大吸收峰在560nm,摩尔吸光系数ε=6.45×102 L.mol-1.cm-,铬(Ⅱ)量在0～220μg/25ml范围内符合比尔定律,用于磷铁矿中铬的测定结果满意.     

谷胱甘肽自组装膜修饰电极用于Cr(VI)离子的测定

将谷胱甘肽(GSH)自组装膜修饰电极用于Cr(Ⅵ)的测定.实验表明,在0 02mol/LH2SO4 0 1mol/LNaNO3溶液中,在 1 00～-0 40V电位范围内进行循环伏安扫描,于 0 29V(Vs.SCE)处获得铬的还原峰信号、 0 65V(Vs,SCE)处获得铬的氧化峰信号.Cr(VI)在GSH/Au修饰电极上的电化学行为比裸金电极有明显的改善,峰电流更为灵敏,且还原峰电流随着Cr(VI)浓度的增加而增大,因此选择 0 29V的还原峰作为分析信号,运用1 5次微分线性扫描伏安法对铬进行了定量分析,线性范围为1 0×10-8～1 0×10-6mol/L,检测限为1 0×10-9mol/L.将所建立的方法应用于湖水样品中铬含量的测定,以ICP进行对照实验,结果满意.     

用DSPCF光度法测定微量铬(VI)的研究

本文报导了在硫酸介质中,DSPCF 与 Cr(Ⅵ)反应,Cr(Ⅵ)将其氧化而使红色逐渐减褪。利用此褪色反应,探讨了测定 Cr(Ⅵ)的条件,提出了环境保护中测定微量 Cr(Ⅵ)的新的光度分析法,其摩尔吸光系数ε(470)=5.5×10~1l·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),铬含量在0.2～10.0μg 范围内符合比耳定律,在水样测定时,变异系数为0.74～1.31%。方法简便快速,选择性好。     

铬(VI)与3,5-二溴-4-(2,4二羟基)苯偶氮苯基荧光酮显色反应的研究与应用

在弱酸性(pH=6.0)介质和表面活性剂CTMAB存在的条件下,3,5-二溴-4-(2,4二羟基)苯偶氮苯基荧光酮与铬(VI)形成稳定的三元络合物,可用分光光度法测定微量铬(VI),其最大吸收波长λ为537 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为2.33×105 L·mol-1·cm-1,铬(VI))在4～650 μg·L-1范围内符合比尔定律,用拟定方法测定电镀废水中总铬含量,结果较满意.     

新试剂3-[3-(4-苯基-2-噻唑基)三氮烯基]苯磺酸与阳离子表面活性剂显色反应的研究

研究新试剂3-[3-(4-苯基-2-噻唑基)三氮烯基1苯磺酸(PTTBSA)与阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)的显色反应,在pH 12.4的缓冲介质中,试剂与CTMAB发生显色反应,形成深红色离子缔合物,最大吸收波长555nm,试剂与CTMAB的缔合比为1:3,其表观摩尔吸光系数为1.04×104L·mol-1·cm-1,CTMAB量在0.1×10-5～3.0×10-5mol/L范围内服从比尔定律,该方法直接用于水中微量CTMAB的测定,结果满意.     

酸性铬蓝K-高碘酸钾催化动力学光度法测定痕量铬

在酸性介质中,微量铬(Ⅵ)能显著催化高碘酸钾氧化酸性铬蓝K褪色.研究了该指示反应的动力学行为,建立了测定痕量铬的新催化动力学分析方法,方法的线性测定范围为1.0～10.0μg/25ml,检出限为(4.14×10-8)g/ml.本法可用于电镀废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的测定,结果满意.     

微波程序压力消解-逆扩散流动注射化学发光法快速测定枸杞果中的微量铬

为了建立一种快速测定枸杞中微量铬的新方法,将样品经微波程序消解后,用亚硫酸将Cr6+还原为Cr3+,利用逆扩散流动注射分析技术,结合Cr3+对Luminol-H2O2化学发光体系的线性催化作用测定枸杞中总铬含量.结果表明:在最佳条件下,该方法的线性范围为1.0×10-12～1.0×10-7mol/L,相关系数r=0.9991,对1.0×10-7mol/LCr3+,测定的RSD为3.1%(n=11);按3倍标准偏差(3S)计算的检出限为8.64×10-13mol/L,枸杞样品中铬的质量比为8.217μg/g,加标回收率为94.81%～101.54%.该方法快速简便,灵敏度高,选择性好,用于枸杞中微量铬的测定,结果令人满意.     

谷胱甘肽自组装膜修饰电极用于Cr(Ⅵ)离子的测定

将谷胱甘肽(GSH)自组装膜修饰电极用于Cr(Ⅵ)的测定.实验表明,在0.02mol/LH2SO4+0.1 mol/L NaNO3溶液中,在+1.00～-0.40V电位范围内进行循环伏安扫描,于+0.29V(Vs.SCE)处获得铬的还原峰信号、+0.65 V(Vs,SCE)处获得铬的氧化峰信号.Cr(Ⅵ)在GSH/Au修饰电极上的电化学行为比裸金电极有明显的改善,峰电流更为灵敏,且还原峰电流随着Cr(Ⅵ)浓度的增加而增大,因此选择+0.29V的还原峰作为分析信号,运用1.5次微分线性扫描伏安法对铬进行了定量分析,线性范围为1.0×10-8～1.0×10-6mol/L,检测限为1.0×10-9 mol/L.将所建立的方法应用于湖水样品中铬含量的测定,以ICP进行对照实验,结果满意.     

胶束增敏分光光度法测定牛奶中微量铅

研究了在阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在的条件下,铅(Ⅱ)与二甲酚橙的显色反应。在pH=5.4的六次甲基四胺缓冲溶液中,Pb与二甲酚橙(XO)和CTMAB反应生成红色的络合物,其最大吸收波长为590nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.11×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。研究表明,加入阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB,显色反应的灵敏度显著提高。铅含量在0～2.0μg/mL范围内符合比耳定律。方法用于牛奶中微量铅离子的测定,结果令人满意。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with