中华按蚊CYP4G17基因的鉴定及生物信息学分析

基于中华按蚊(Anopheles sinensis)转录组,通过同源性搜索鉴定出一条中华按蚊CYP4家族序列,生物信息学分析将该基因命名为AsCYP4G17(GenBank登录号:KP004246),该序列全长1 962bp,其中编码区1 671bp,编码556个氨基酸。同源性分析表明该基因与冈比亚按蚊(Anopheles gambiae)CYP4G17氨基酸序列相似性最高:一致率为89%,相似率为94%。该基因编码的蛋白质相对分子质量为63.48kD,等电点为7.70。该蛋白第20~39位氨基酸为疏水区,蛋白质亚细胞定位显示该蛋白质位于细胞质中。基因结构分析显示,该基因含有两个相位2型内含子。研究结果为进一步揭示中华按蚊CYP4G17基因的功能奠定了基础,对阐明昆虫杀虫剂抗性机理具有一定的科学意义。     

牛ANGPTL1基因的电子克隆与序列分析

以牛的ANGPTL1基因为研究对象,利用生物信息学方法,对牛的ANGPTL1基因进行了电子克隆和序列分析,并对推导出的ANGPTL1蛋白结构与性质进行了初步分析。结果表明,牛的ANGPTL1基因序列长为2576bp,该基因的编码序列长为1476bp,编码492个氨基酸,编码序列的两翼有135bp的5’非编码区和785bp的3’非编码区。DNA序列的G＋C百分含量为44．31％,A＋T百分含量为55．69％。该基因的核苷酸序列与人、黑猩猩、鼠和狗ANGPTL1基因的cDNA序列的相似性分别为91％、90％、82％和93％。在氨基酸序列上与人、黑猩猩、鼠和狗的相似性分别为95％、95％、92％和95％。用氨基酸序列构建的进化树显示,在人、牛、黑猩猩、狗、褐鼠、原鸡几种动物中,牛与狗的亲缘关系最近。     

大黄鱼cyclin B1和cdc2 cDNA序列特征及组织表达分析

成熟促进因子(MPF)是诱导细胞从G2期转入M期的关键因子,在配子成熟过程中具有重要作用.MPF由周期蛋白B(cyclin B,CB)和周期蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶(CDK1,由cdc2基因编码)2个亚基组成.本研究克隆了大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)cyclin B1(Lc-cb1)和cdc2(Lc-cdc2)基因的cDNA序列,并分析了这2个基因mRNA的组织表达特征,为解析MPF在大黄鱼性腺发育和配子成熟的作用机理奠定基础.Lc-cb1基因全长cDNA 1 882bp,可编码397个氨基酸的蛋白;Lc-cdc2基因全长cDNA序列1 151bp,可编码303个氨基酸的蛋白.基于Lc-cb1 cDNA序列推导的氨基酸序列与6种脊椎动物的CB1氨基酸序列有较高相似性(67%~84%),并具有周期蛋白盒、毁坏盒、以及蛋白酶K位点(RRxSK)等CB预期特征.基于Lc-cdc2的cDNA序列推导的氨基酸序列也与其他6种鱼类的CDK1氨酸酸序列有较高相似性(88%~97%),并具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶催化结构域、ATP结合相关的保守序列(GxGxxGxV)、周期蛋白结合相关的PSTAIRE序列等CDK1的预期特征.可见,本研究克隆获得的2条序列是Lc-cb1和Lc-cdc2 cDNA全长.实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,Lc-cb1和Lc-cdc2的2个基因mRNA表达具有相似的组织特异性,在性腺中mRNA水平均远远高于其他组织,表明Lc-cb1和Lc-cdc2是大黄鱼性腺发育相关的重要基因.     

豇豆钙调蛋白cDNA的克隆及序列分析

从豇豆成熟叶片中提取总RNA,反转录合成cDNA第一链,根据钙调蛋白结构基因两端保守序列设计引物,PCR扩增豇豆钙调蛋白基因,克隆到T-easy载体上并测定了其全序列.序列分析结果表明,豇豆钙调蛋白基因由450个核苷酸组成,编码150个氨基酸.与已知的多种植物钙调蛋白基因相比有很高的相似性,核苷酸序列相似性在80%以上,编码的氨基酸序列相似性在90%以上.     

中度嗜盐菌GbsB基因的克隆、序列分析及生物信息学分析

为构建耐盐的转基因植物提供材料,根据地衣芽孢杆菌Bacillus licheniformisATCC 14580的GbsB基因的核甘酸序列设计1对特异性引物,通过PCR的方法扩增由分离的中度嗜盐菌Bacillus sp.XJ1-05的GbsB基因,经T/A克隆,插入到pBS-T载体上进行序列测序,采用NCBI-BlastX软件在Genbank数据库中进行同源性检索,结果表明:得到的GbsB基因的开放阅读框(ORF)全长为1209bp,编码1个由402个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白质;其与Bacillus licheni-formisATCC 14580的GbsB基因的氨基酸序列同源性高达96%。生物信息学分析表明:该GbsB基因编码蛋白无信号肽,无跨膜区域,高亲水性,有2个乙醇脱氢酶作用位点。     

葱蝇PDK1基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

3-磷酸肌醇依赖性蛋白激酶1(3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase1,PDK1)是磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(Phos-phatidylinositol-3 kinase,PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(PKB/Akt)信号通路中一个关键的激酶。该通路在人(Homo sapiens)、黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)、秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)中是一条保守的通路,通过激活下游的因子对代谢、细胞分化、寿命等产生重要调节作用。本研究基于葱蝇(Delia antiqua)转录组数据通过生物信息学分析从其中鉴定出PDK1基因4条Unigene序列,并通过PCR技术克隆了PDK1基因的全长cDNA,命名为DaPDK1,其全长为3215bp,开放阅读框长2730bp,编码909个氨基酸。采用生物信息学的方法,推测该基因编码的蛋白质相对分子质量为100.3kD,等电点为8.53。该蛋白第87~109氨基酸是跨膜区,第284~627和744~833氨基酸是两个保守结构域STKc和PH。同源性分析表明DaPDK1蛋白与地中海实蝇(Ceratitis capitata)PDK1蛋白氨基酸序列相似性最高(一致率为53.1%,相似率为63.2%)。本研究结果有望为进一步研究葱蝇PI3K/Akt信号通路中PDK1基因的特性及功能奠定基础。
     

红冬孢酵母Δ~(12)-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因的克隆和表达

Δ~(12)-脂肪酸脱氢酶是多不饱和脂肪酸合成的关键酶.参考已知的Δ~(12)-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因序列设计特异性引物,通过PCR扩增从红冬孢酵母YM25235中获得了全长为1 341 bp的一个cDNA序列.序列分析表明,该序列具有一个编码446个氨基酸、相对分子质量为50.6 ku的完整开放阅读框,所编码的氨基酸序列与Δ~(12)-脂肪酸脱氢酶相似性最高但并不相同,而且也具有Δ~(12)-脂肪酸脱氢酶特异性的3个组氨酸保守区,表明该序列为一个新的编码Δ~(12)-脂肪酸脱氢酶的基因.为了验证功能,将该基因序列克隆到表达载体pYES3/CT中,构建重组质粒pY3RKD12,并转化到酿酒酵母的缺陷型菌株INVSCI中进行异源表达.通过脂肪酸气相色谱(GC)分析表明,在pY3RKD12转化的酵母细胞总脂肪酸中出现一个保留时间和亚油酸甲酯标准品相同的新峰,其含量占酵母总脂肪酸的3.76%,但在pYES3/CT转化的酵母细胞总脂肪酸中没有检测到.这些结果证明所克隆的序列是一个新的Δ~(12)-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因,其表达的蛋白质可催化油酸合成亚油酸.     

葱蝇PDK1基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

3-磷酸肌醇依赖性蛋白激酶1(3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1,PDK1)是磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(Phosphatidylinositol-3kinase,PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(PKB/Akt)信号通路中一个关键的激酶。该通路在人(Homo sapiens)、黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)、秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)中是一条保守的通路,通过激活下游的因子对代谢、细胞分化、寿命等产生重要调节作用。本研究基于葱蝇(Delia antiqua)转录组数据通过生物信息学分析从其中鉴定出PDK1基因4条Unigene序列,并通过PCR技术克隆了PDK1基因的全长cDNA,命名为DaPDK1,其全长为3 215bp,开放阅读框长2 730bp,编码909个氨基酸。采用生物信息学的方法,推测该基因编码的蛋白质相对分子质量为100.3kD,等电点为8.53。该蛋白第87~109氨基酸是跨膜区,第284~627和744~833氨基酸是两个保守结构域STKc和PH。同源性分析表明DaPDK1蛋白与地中海实蝇(Ceratitis capitata)PDK1蛋白氨基酸序列相似性最高(一致率为53.1%,相似率为63.2%)。本研究结果有望为进一步研究葱蝇PI3K/Akt信号通路中PDK1基因的特性及功能奠定基础。     

大熊猫核糖体蛋白L30亚基基因(RPL30)的cDNA克隆及序列分析

RPL30是核糖体大亚基60S的组成部分,由RPL30基因所编码,主要存在于真核生物中.根据已报道的部分哺乳动物核糖体蛋白L30亚基基因(RPL30)的相关信息设计引物,运用RT-PCR技术,以大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)的肌肉组织为材料,成功地克隆了核糖体蛋白L30亚基RPL30基因,并对其进行了测序及初步分析.结果表明:大熊猫L30亚基基因的表达序列长为388bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为348 bp,编码115个氨基酸的蛋白质,并含有6个功能位点.进一步分析发现,该基因的表达序列及其编码的氨基酸序列与已报道的人、牛、褐家鼠、小家鼠有很高的相似性,其表达序列同源性分别为93.97%,96.26%,89.66%和89.94%,其编码的氨基酸序列同源性分别为99.13%,98.26%,99.13%,99.13%,且其蛋白质的高级结构相似性也很高.     

5种克罗诺杆菌鞭毛蛋白fliC基因的克隆和序列分析

根据C.sakazakii BAA 894全基因组序列中fliC基因(Gene ID:CP000783.1),设计特异性引物,通过PCR方法扩增了5种克罗诺杆菌fliC基因的全长序列,并通过生物信息学方法对fliC基因进行了序列分析.序列分析结果表明:fliC基因的全长为837bp,编码279个氨基酸.同源性分析表明:5种克罗诺杆菌fliC基因的序列相似性为92.11%~99.40%;与其它细菌的fliC序列进行比较,其核酸序列同源性为51.73%~82.57%.这表明克罗诺杆菌fliC基因具有较高的保守性,可作为制备克罗诺杆菌多克隆抗体或单克隆抗体的一种候选抗原.     

Cloning of human cytokine signal transduction inhibitor genehumSOCS-2

An EST (gb/AA115239) with high identity to the mouse cytokine signal transduction inhibitor genemmSOCS-2 was selected in GenBank EST database by the homologous screening method. The cDNA with the same sequence of the EST was got in human placenta cDNA library by PCR and a 1011 bp cDNA fragment was selected using above cDNA as probes to perform walking hybridization in placenta cDNA library. The cDNA fragment contains one 594 bp open reading frame (ORF) which encodes 198 amino acid residues. It was proved to be novel after NCBl database screening. Homology comparison showed that this gene has 93% identity tommSOCS-2 at the amino acid level and it has high identities to other related genes in SH₂ domain and SOCS box, so it was namedhumSOCS-2 and the accession number in GenBank is gb/AF020590. The expression analysis showed that the gene is expressed obviously higher in prostate than in other 15 human tissues.     

人Rab蛋白cDNA的克隆和表达

从人胎脑cDNA文库中克隆到一种新的Rab cDNA,全长920bp,以编码213个氨基酸残基,该蛋白预测的分子质量为24567u,等电点7．34,经同源比较,该cDNA与GenBank数据库中登录号为X14964的Rab蛋白有83％的相似性和76％的相同性,将该cDNA克隆到经改造的PBV220表达质粒,转化DH5a菌株诱导表达出该蛋白,取24种不同组织的总cDNA各100ng,用该基因序列设计引物作PCR,结果在胎肝组织中检测到有明显条带,表明该Rab基因相对在胎肝有高表达。     

活性污泥宏基因组Fosmid文库的构建

大插入片段宏基因组文库的构建是开发大片段目的基因及分析其结构与功能的基础.文中分别采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)法、试剂盒及琼脂糖包埋法提取活性污泥宏基因组DNA,其中琼脂糖包埋法获得的DNA片段大于23kbp,利用此DNA成功构建了以pCC1FOS为载体的Fosmid文库,该文库含有5280个克隆,平均插入片段长度为35～40 kbp,共包含约200 Mbp的宏基因组DNA.从此文库中随机挑选200个克隆,利用活性筛选方法快速筛选到了1个含有淀粉酶的阳性克隆,表明活性污泥Fosmid文库可用于功能基因的活性筛选,具有开发新基因的潜力.     

Cloning and identification of a novel human glioma differentiation related geneGDR1

In order to identify the genes associated with glioblastoma differentiation, some ESTs, expressed differentially in the control cell and the differentiated human glioblastoma cell line BT-325 induced by the all-trans retinoid acid, have been isolated by the method of DDRT-PCR. Of the 46 ESTs sequenced, 19 are from new genes. A full-length 1 535-bp cDNA, termed geneGDR1, has been isolated from the human cDNA library using the probe designed according to one of the novel ESTs, HGBB098. The open reading frame ofGDR1 gene encodes a putative protein containing 334 amino acid residues. Blast against the current GenBank DNA and protein sequence database did not reveal significant homology with any known proteins. RT-PCR shows thatGDR1 mRNA level increased in the differentiated BT-325 cells after being treated with RA. The different expression patterns ofGDR1 mRNA in human tissues have been detected through the multiple tissue Northern blot hybridization.     

水稻苹果酸脱氢酶基因的克隆及其在E.coli中的表达

以玉米苹果酸脱氢酶的基因为探针，从水稻幼苗cDNA文库筛选得到一条水稻新基因，它与玉米ZHO2序列的一致性高达87％，被命名为RcMDH(rice cytoplasmic malic dehydrogenase gene)，分析发现RcMDH具有完整的读码框，编码332个氨基酸，预计分子质量为36．5ku,导入大肠杆菌中表达，经检测证实该产物具苹果酸脱氢酶酶活性。     

Cloning of fiber-specific cDNAs and their structural variations in 4 fiber mutants

A mRNA preferentially expressed in cotton fiber was cloned from fiber total RNA of normal upland cotton TM-1 (wild-type) by using RT-PCR and corresponding cDNA (signed as TM-E6) was sequenced. TM-E6 gene had no intron and contained an open reading frame of 771 bp long, and might encode a peptide of 246 amino acids. Other 4 genes, Fl-E6, Li-E6, N-E6 and Bl-E6, which were homologous to TM-E6 gene, were also isolated from 4 fiber mutants of Fiberless Xu-zhou 142, Ligon lintless, Naked seed and Brown lint, respectively. Sequence analysis of each of these mutant genes revealed many variations in structure and nucleotide composition of gene when compared with the sequence of TM-E6 gene. (ⅰ) There was a changeable repetitive segment in which GGCTCA (Gly-Ser) was repeated 3—5 times between the 82nd and the 93rd codons in different mutant genes. Since the change of Gly-Ser repetitive segment occurred not only in the mutants but also in the wild-type cotton, the repeat frequency might not be associated with the mutation of fiber characteristics. (ⅱ) Among the 4 mutant genes, the percentage of changed codons was 7.05% in Fl-E6, 4.98% in Li-E6, and 4.15% in N-E6 and Bl-E6. It seems that the percentage of changed codons in E6 sequence was positively correlated to the degree of fiber morphological variation. (ⅲ) E6 polypeptides of two long-fiberless mutants (Fiberless Xuzhou 142 and Ligon lintless) contained high similar (99.4%) variation in the region of 1—174 amino acids from N-terminus, and those of short-fiberless mutants (Fiberless Xuzhou and naked seed) revealed identical variation in the region of 116th—220th amino acids. It also seems that there was a parallel relation between E6 protein variation and fiber phenotype mutation. (ⅳ) Li-E6 and Bl-E6 genes also expressed at low level in seed coat besides at high level in fiber.     

青岛文昌鱼NADH脱氢酶亚基I基因片段的克隆

NADH脱氢酶亚基I是细胞电子传递链的主要成员之一，采用简并引物PCR方法获得青岛文昌鱼NADH脱氢酶亚基I基因片段，将基氨基酸序列与其他生物如佛罗里达文昌鱼，斑马鱼，爪蟾等无脊椎和脊椎动物NADH脱氢酶亚基I基因相应片段进行了同源性分析，均显示较高的同源性，研究结果证实青岛文昌鱼作为脊索动物的代表之一，与脊椎动物有着较近的亲缘关系，是从无脊椎动物到脊椎动物的过渡类型。     

Cloning and expressional analyses of a cinnamoyl CoA reductase cDNA from rice seedlings

Cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR: EC 1.2.1.44),the entry-point enzyme of the llgnin specific biosynthetic pathway, catalyzes the conversion of cinnamoyl CoA esters to their corresponding dnnamaldehydes. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the deduced polypeptide shared 70% similarity and 30% sequence identity at the amino acid level with defined CCR genes from other plant species and they all contain the common signature sequences thought to be the catalytic site as well as the putative NADP binding domain.Using a conserved OsCCR cDNA fragment as the probe for library screening, we isolated the genomic DNA that covered the whole coding region of OsCCR with total length of 3045bp including 4 introns and 5 exons. The open reading frame for our OsCCR gene coBtAin~ 337 amino adds. Northern blot indicated that OsCCR was expressed in different organs with the highest level found in stems. In situ hybridization results showed that OsCCR mRNA was localized mainly along the vascular bundles in stems and leaves, and also in lateral roots that was differentiating from the tiilering node. We conclude that the vascular-localized expression of OsCCR gene may suggest its possible involvement in llgnin biosynthesis. Cloning and characterization of OsCCR will help to clarify how llgniflcations in plants are regulated and will provide a physical basis for creating genetically engineered rice plants with optimal lignin contents.     

Cloning and characterization of a gene encoding cysteine proteases from senescent leaves of Gossypium hirsutum

A gene encoding a cysteine proteinase was isolated from senescent leave of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cv liaomian No. 9 by utilizing rapid amplification of cDNA end spolymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR), and a set of consensus oligonucleotide primers was designed to anneal the conserved sequences of plant cysteine protease genes. The cDNA, which designated Ghcysp gene, contained 1368 bp terminating in a poly(A)^ trail, and included a putative 5‘(98 bp) and a 3‘(235 bp) non-coding region. The opening reading frame (ORF) encodes polypeptide 344 amino acids with the predicted molecular mass of 37.88 kD and theoretical pl of 4.80. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with the sequence in the GenBank database has shown considerable sequence similarity to a novel family of plant cysteine proteases. This putative cotton Ghcysp protein shows from 67% to 82% identity to the other plants. All of them share catalytic triad of residues, which are highly conserved in three regions. Hydropaths analysis of the amino acid sequence shows that the Ghcysp is a potential membrane protein and localizes to the vacuole, which has a transmembrane helix between resides 7-25. A characteristic feature of Ghcysp is the presence of a putative vacuole-targeting signal peptide of 19-amino acid residues at the N-terminal region. The expression of Ghcysp gene was determined using northern blot analysis. The Ghcysp mRNA levels are high in development senescent leaf but below the limit of detection in senescent root, hypocotyl, faded flower, 6 d post anthesis ovule, and young leaf.