自动消解-原子荧光法测定有机锗和总锗

以药材中有机锗和总锗为综合考察指标,利用GeCl₄沸点低的性质,设计程序使用全自动石墨消解仪对药材中有机锗和无机锗进行消解和分离,并采用原子荧光法检测药材中锗含量.结果表明,样品用质量分数为1%的HNO₃溶液处理后在50℃下振荡40 min,再将溶液倒入6 mol/L HCl溶液中于100℃下加热60 min,可实现无机锗和有机锗的分离.方法检出限为0.16μg/L,加标回收率为92.5%～104.0%,RSD为2.01%～3.77%,符合检测要求.     

氯化铵氯化-二酰异羟肟酸萃取法从粉煤灰中提取锗的研究

采用氯化铵氯化—二酰异羟肟酸萃取法从粉煤灰中提取锗.即用氯化铵氯化粉煤灰中的锗,使锗以氯化物的形式挥发富集,用浓度小于6 mol/L的盐酸溶液吸收富集水解GeCl4得到氧化锗.煤灰中锗的氯化适宜条件为向粉煤灰中加入其重量20%的NaHCO3焙烧1 h,往焙砂中加入粉煤灰重量15%的氯化铵,在400℃下焙烧90min,锗的氯化回收率≥81.5%.用1.5%H2SO4(固液质量比为1∶2)进行逆流浸取氯化焙渣中的锗,调节浸出液pH=1.0,以二酰异羟肟酸(DHYA)为萃取剂,异辛醇为溶剂,磺化煤油为稀释剂,在VO/VA=1∶4、CDHYA=0.5mol/Lt、=8 min的条件下进行三级逆流萃取酸浸出液中的锗,锗总萃取率≥99.5%;用2.5 mol/L的NH4F进行二级反萃取锗,反萃率≥99.5%.氯化铵氯化焙烧—DHYA萃取法提取粉煤灰中锗的综合回收率≥95%.     

海参加工废液中海参皂苷提取工艺的研究

目的:研完和优化从海参加工废液中提取海参皂苷的工艺,为海参皂苷的规模化生产创造条件.方法:本文利用AB-8大孔树脂从海参加工度弃液中提取分离海参皂苷,并采用正交设计进行了提取工艺条件的优化.结果:经研究和优化确定了海参毫苷的最佳提取条件:海参废弃液pH值为10,上样速率为2倍柱体积(BY)/h、洗脱用乙醇激度为70%、洗脱体积为6倍柱体积.性质鉴定结果显示,海参皂苷在Molish反应、泡沫实验、沉淀实验和Libermann-Burchard反应中均呈阳性,表明所得提取物确为皂苷;结论:本文确定了利用AB-8型大孔树脂提取海参皂苷的最佳工艺,为海参皂苷的规模化生产奠定了基础.     

海参内脏酶解制备海参肽工艺

以蛋白水解度和酶解液中海参肽相对分子质量的分布作为指标,考察不同蛋白酶的酶解效果,筛选水解海参内脏的最适合蛋白酶,并通过单因素实验和正交实验优化酶解工艺.实验结果表明:胰蛋白酶的水解效果最佳,可用于水解海参内脏制备海参肽;在底物质量分数为1.0%,加酶量为0.375 1 mkat·g^-1,pH值为8.0,酶解温度为37 ℃,水解时间为5 h的最优酶解条件下,海参内脏的水解度可达到48.90%,酶解液中的多肽(2 000~5 000 u)质量分数为52.68%,寡肽(含氨基酸)(≤2 000 u)质量分数为47.25%.     

辉光放电无定形锗硅合金膜的红外吸收和氧的扩散

本工作主要着眼于锗硅合金(Si_(1-x) Ge_x∶H)红外吸收谱的某些变化和生长参数的关系,以寻求较合适的生长条件.实验中改变的参数有三个:锗含量,衬底温度,射频功率.我们首次观察到空气中的氧能扩散进某些条件下生长的锗硅合金膜.样品的制备和测量所用无定形锗硅合金膜,是在射频辉光放电中分解一定体积比的硅烷(SiH_4)和锗烷(GeH_4)淀积而成.硅烷、锗烷的纯度为99.999%,水和氧的含量都少于五百万分之一.红外测量的样品是淀积在粗抛过的高阻硅单晶片上.用涡旋分子泵把真空室抽空至真空度高于3×10~(-8)乇,然后通进硅烷和锗烷,按所要求的体积比进行混和,并把总压力固定在0.25乇.锗的含量x 在0和0.75之间变化,衬底温度在228—     

蒙药阿敏-额尔敦中锗的差分脉冲极谱研究

采用差分脉冲扫描法,在pH=1.30H2SO4和3,4-二羟基苯甲醛(DHB)底液中,测得无机锗的脉冲极谱波,峰电位为Ep=-0.53V,Ge(Ⅳ)浓度在1.03×10-5～1.04×10-4mol·L-1范围内与峰电流呈线性关系,利用差分脉冲极谱法可以测得蒙药阿敏额尔敦中总锗、无机锗和有机锗含量,得到了满意的结果.     

固定化真菌α淀粉酶在海参饵料添加剂方面的应用研究

采用海藻酸钠为载体固定化真菌α-淀粉酶,首次作为海参饵料添加剂考察了固定化的最适条件和固定化酶的酶学性质.结果表明:海藻酸钠质量分数2.5%,加酶量15%,CaCl2质量分数2%,固定化时间1.0 h固定化酶活力最高.固定化酶的最适温度范围在55～60℃,最适pH在5.0～5.5之间.固定化酶在添加量为0.16 mg/g(干饵料),酶解时间25～30 min效果最佳.     

葛根素-锗配合物的合成及其抗炎活性研究

以葛根素和氧化锗为原料合成葛根素-锗配合物.采用紫外及红外技术对配合物的结构进行初步表征.采用二甲苯诱导小鼠耳廓肿胀炎症模型,以肿胀度和抑制率为抗炎活性指标,测定葛根素-锗配合物的抗炎活性.结果表明,葛根素与锗离子生成了配合物,与锗发生配位的基团是葛根素分子中B环的4'-羟基,而不是A环的7-羟基及C环的羰基.葛根素-锗配合物的抗炎活性(抗炎肿胀度抑制率为75.91%)远远高于葛根素配体(抗炎肿胀度抑制率为32.49%),也远远高于临床常用的甾体抗炎药-氢化可的松(抗炎肿胀度抑制率为48.74%).     

从碱性腐蚀液中回收锗的实验探究

用沉淀法将碱性腐蚀液中的锗进行沉淀富集回收,对锗回收的适宜的实验条件进行实验探究.讨论了沉淀剂种类及用量,实验温度,碱性腐蚀液的pH值,沉淀时间等因素对锗的回收率的影响.结果表明:在常温下,以FeCl3 为沉淀剂,碱性腐蚀液的起始pH值为6.5,沉淀时间为90 min时,锗的回收率达到了80%以上.     

北部湾玉足海参和花刺参骨片结构与营养成分研究

为明确玉足海参（Holothuria leucospilota）和花刺参（Stichopus variegatus）的骨片结构及营养成分,本研究利用扫描电子显微镜观察玉足海参和花刺参的骨片,采用国家标准测定其营养成分。结果表明,玉足海参的骨片类型为桌形体、扣形体、穿孔板体,花刺参的骨片类型为桌形体、花纹样体、C形体。营养测定结果显示,玉足海参与花刺参含量最多的成分是水,分别为93.83%和96.63%,差异显著（P<0.05）。干物质中,粗蛋白质含量分别为52.90%、53.10%,灰分含量分别为36.80%、35.47%,均不存在显著性差异（P>0.05）;粗脂肪含量分别为1.15%、0.89%,存在显著性差异（P<0.05）;盐分含量分别为15.32%、23.16%,还原糖含量分别为0.63%、0.76%,总糖含量分别为1.74%、1.14%,存在极显著性差异（P<0.01）。本研究的结果丰富了玉足海参和花刺参基础生物学资料,同时营养分析结果表明2种海参均为高蛋白低脂的优质食品,有很高的经济价值,可以对其进一步开发利用。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.