安塞砖窑湾地区长61储层成岩作用及成岩相特征研究

通过观察大量岩心、铸体薄片、扫描电镜,结合样品测试数据做综合分析。在沉积环境和沉积框架下系统地分析与研究安塞砖窑湾地区长61砂岩储层成岩作用类型、成岩阶段以及成岩相。认为研究区长61储层为一套浅水三角洲前缘亚相沉积,主要发育水下分流河道、分流间湾微相,储层主要岩性为长石砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩,结构和成分成熟度中等。其成岩阶段处于中成岩A期的晚期阶段。可划分为5个成岩相,物性由好到坏依次是绿泥石胶结-溶孔残余粒间孔相、水云母胶结-粒间孔-溶蚀孔相、碳酸盐胶结-弱溶蚀孔相、浊沸石胶结-弱溶蚀孔相、压溶-压实相。不同成岩相的划分对于研究区储层评价以及生产具有一定指导意义。     

公山庙地区沙一段低渗砂岩储层成岩作用及其对储层的影响

公山庙地区沙一段储层属于特低渗透砂岩储层,但储层低渗的成因仍不明确.通过对该区沙一段储层成岩作用的系统研究,认为主要的成岩作用类型有压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用和溶蚀作用等.总体上经历了早成岩阶段A期—中成岩阶段B期的主要成岩阶段,现今主要处于中成岩阶段B期,呈现"颗粒表面的绿泥石膜出现→钙十字沸石或方沸石胶结、充填→石英次生加大明显和自生石英出现→铁方解石胶结、交代常见及溶蚀作用较明显"的典型成岩序列.主要识别出(铁)方解石胶结相、沸石胶结相、绿泥石-方解石胶结相和岩屑-长石溶蚀相等优势成岩相.从成岩角度分析该区沙一段储层低渗的成因,定量研究认为持续的压实作用和强烈的胶结作用是造成研究区沙一段储层低渗的关键成岩因素,第三期溶蚀作用是改善储层储集性的主要成岩因素,通常中砂岩比细砂岩表现更明显.     

金湖凹陷戴南组成岩相定量表征与孔隙演化模式

通过分析X衍射、扫描电镜、古地温、生烃史、分析化验等测试资料,对金湖凹陷戴南组储层特征、成岩相及孔隙演化模式做了详细研究。研究表明:研究区古近系戴南组岩石类型为长石岩屑质石英砂岩,其成熟度中等;在分析成岩作用成因的基础上,通过计算成岩强度(主要包括压实强度、胶结强度、溶蚀强度)划分为9种成岩相:I弱压实强胶结溶蚀相、II弱压实强胶结中等溶蚀相、III中等压实强胶结中等溶蚀相、IV中等压实强胶结强溶蚀相、V弱压实弱胶结强溶蚀相、VI弱压实强胶结弱溶蚀相、VII强压实强胶结中等溶蚀相、VIII强压实弱胶结强溶蚀相、IX强压强胶结弱溶蚀相。结合孔隙演化特征机理、成岩阶段以及成岩相的演化关系研究,1 000~1 500 m对应的早成岩B期主要为混合孔隙发育带,发育有I、V、VI类岩石相,1500 m以下对应的中成岩A期主要为次生孔隙发育带,主要发育有II、III、IV、VII、IX类岩石相,其次为VI、VII类岩石相。成岩阶段、成岩相、沉积相以及油气的上排效率及其多期次性在很大程度上决定了该区储层物性垂向的分带性;通过成岩阶段以及成岩相并结合孔隙演化曲线,认为戴南组从下至上储层物性有变好的趋势,西部、中部及东南地区储层明显优于南部地区。     

克拉苏冲断带白垩系储层成岩作用及定量成岩相

应用铸体薄片、扫描电镜等资料,对塔里木盆地克拉苏冲断带白垩系巴什基奇克组第二段（以下简称巴二段）储层成岩作用和强度进行了定量研究,划分定量成岩相类型,并确定其平面展布特征。研究区成岩作用以压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用为主,将成岩作用发生程度分为弱、中等、强三类,共识别出五种成岩相类型,分别是强压实强胶结强溶蚀成岩相、强压实强胶结弱溶蚀成岩相、强压实强胶结中溶蚀成岩相、中压实强胶结强溶蚀成岩相、中压实中胶结中溶蚀成岩相,其中中压实强胶结强溶蚀成岩相最有利于优质储层的形成。     

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田砂岩储层成岩作用

 靖边气田二叠系砂岩储层的低孔低渗特征成为严重困扰该区天然气生产的关键问题,为了分析该区储层物性变差的主要原因,提高储层预测精度,本文通过系统的薄片鉴定、压汞、阴极发光、扫描电镜等分析,研究了该区砂岩的成岩作用及其对储集性能的控制作用。研究发现,靖边气田盒8段砂岩主要为岩屑砂岩、岩屑石英砂岩和石英砂岩,胶结物主要为碳酸盐、高岭石、绿泥石和硅质胶结,碳酸盐胶结物含量对储层物性影响较大;储集空间主要是剩余原生粒间孔、粒间溶孔、粒间溶蚀扩大孔、粒内溶孔、高岭石晶间孔及少量微裂缝,以次生孔隙为主;盒8段砂岩主要为II、III类储集岩,I类储集岩较少。研究认为,沉积微相奠定了储层的物质基础,决定储层的空间展布,而成岩作用改造是储层物性好坏的关键因素,二者共同决定了储层的发育程度。压实作用和胶结作用是储层物性变差的最主要原因,广泛发育的铝硅酸盐矿物溶解对储层物性的改善起关键作用。     

苏里格气田南部山1段致密砂岩储层成岩演化及成岩相划分

为探讨苏里格气田庆城地区下二叠统山西组第1段(简称山1段)有利成岩相的分布规律,基于铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X光衍射及阴极发光等分析化验资料对山1段致密砂岩储层的成岩作用及成岩演化规律进行了研究。结果表明:研究区山1段致密砂岩储层经历了压实作用、硅质胶结作用、黏土矿物胶结作用、碳酸盐胶结作用及溶蚀作用。结合石英次生加大级别、泥岩镜质体反射率(R_0)及I/S混层矿物中蒙脱石的相对含量,认为该区山1段已进入中成岩B期,局部处于中成岩A期。将储层划分为4种成岩相类型:中孔低渗岩屑石英砂岩杂基+岩屑溶蚀相、低孔低渗岩屑石英砂岩岩屑溶蚀相、低孔特低渗含岩屑石英砂岩强胶结相及特低孔特低渗砂泥岩压实相。其中Ⅰ类为最有利的储集相带,Ⅱ类次之,主要分布在山_1~1及山_1~3层中;而Ⅲ类及Ⅳ类基本无储集能力后者纵向上封隔有效储集相带形成岩性圈闭。     

超低渗致密储层成岩相特征及其对产能控制作用——以麻黄山西区块长8油组油藏为例

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西区块长8油组岩心观察,以及综合运用普通薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜以及压汞等分析化验资料,在对储层成岩作用类型和特征研究的基础上,结合孔渗条件,将该区目的层段成岩相划分为四类;再结合各类成岩相电测响应特征,建立成岩相测井识别标准,完成各单井成岩相识别;在此基础上对井间成岩相的空间展布状态进行预测,并对各类成岩相发育规律进行分析、总结。研究表明,麻黄山西区块长8油组储层划分为斑状溶蚀孔隙成岩相、碳酸盐致密胶结成岩相、黏土矿物致密胶结成岩相和致密压实成岩相四种成岩相类型。斑状溶蚀孔隙成岩相主要发育在水下分流河道微相中,物性最好,横向延展性和连通性好;黏土矿物致密胶结成岩相和碳酸盐致密胶结成岩相主要发育在水下分流河道、席状砂、河口坝微相中,物性次之;致密压实成岩相主要发育在分流间湾微相和前三角洲泥微相,物性最差,连片发育,为本区最发育的成岩相类型。体现优质成岩相主要发育在优势沉积微相中,成岩相对孔渗具有控制作用。斑状溶蚀孔隙成岩相碳酸盐致密胶结成岩相中试油日产和单位产能最高,是最有利于油气富集、开采的优势相带,为下一步重点开发的区域;黏土矿物致密胶结成岩相和致密压实成岩相虽然分布范围广,但整体产能较低,分析认为主要由于这两类相带物性较差,在生产开发中应采取酸化、压裂等方式进行储层改造来提高产能。     

白豹地区延长组长3储层的成岩作用与成岩相

目的 探讨砂岩成岩作用阶段划分、成岩作用类型及其对储层的影响.方法 根据铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X衍射、包裹体测温和镜煤反射率对储层进行综合分析和研究.结果 鄂尔多斯盆地白豹地区的长3砂岩储层处于中成岩A期阶段,主要的成岩作用有压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用,它们对储层孔隙结构具有很强烈的影响作用.结论 强烈的压实作用和胶结作用使该区砂岩成为致密型储层,但早成岩阶段形成的绿泥石膜保护了一些砂岩的原生孔隙,从而使长3绿泥石胶结相储层中发育残余孔隙;晚成岩A期强烈的溶蚀作用使高岭石胶结相储层中发育溶蚀孔隙,从而在储层中形成孔隙发育带,构成了油气聚集的必要空间.     

坪桥油区长6储层成岩作用与有利成岩相带研究

根据铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X衍射、物性分析等实验室分析技术,研究坪桥地区长6储层岩石学特征和成岩作用,分析成岩相带对油气藏的控制作用。研究区长6储层砂体成分以细粒长石砂岩为主,碎屑岩成分复杂,成分成熟度中等,结构成熟度较高;储层砂岩的成岩处于中成岩阶段A期末—中成岩B期早阶段,压实作用、胶结作用强烈地破坏了砂岩的原生孔隙结构,溶蚀作用和破裂作用则有效地改善了储层的储集性能;长6储层主要发育黑云母压实相、泥质杂基压实相、碳酸盐胶结成岩相、自生绿泥石胶结与残余孔隙相、不稳定组分溶蚀成岩相。储层成岩相与优质储层的关系密切,不稳定组分溶蚀成岩相的物性、含油性最好,自生绿泥石胶结与残余孔隙相次之,它们成为储层发育的有利成岩相带。     

华庆地区长6_3储层成岩作用与成岩相研究

三叠系延长组长63段是鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区重要的勘探目的层,也是典型的低孔-低渗储层.文章对长63砂岩的成岩相进行了初步研究,划分出碳酸盐胶结成岩相、绿泥石胶结成岩相、硅质充填及次生加大胶结成岩相、长石溶蚀成岩相.分析了成岩相与储层发育的关系及其区域分布规律,为进一步的岩性———地层油藏的成藏、规律分析和储层预测提供了依据.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to