茴香原生质体培养研究

以茴香（ＦｏｅｎｉｃｕｌｕｍｖｕｌｇａｒｅＬ．）幼苗茎切段在ＭＳ附近２，４－Ｄ１ｍｇ／Ｌ、６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织，经４～５次继代后形成胚性愈伤组织。将胚性愈伤组织转至ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２，４－Ｄ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的液体培养基中培养，形成胚性细胞悬浮系。悬浮细胞在含有１．５％纤维素酶、１％果胶酶、０．５％蜗牛酶的混合酶液中酶解得到大量的原生质体，原生质体用修改的ＫＭ８Ｐ培养基中做液体浅层培养。２天后细胞发生一裂，两个月后形成０．５～１ｍｍ大小的小愈伤组织，转入含琼脂糖的固体培养基中３周后形成２～３ｍｍ的愈伤组织     

红三叶和白三叶愈伤组织的诱导和胚性细胞悬浮系的建立

以红三叶（Ｔｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍｐｒａｔｅｎｓｅ）野生品种巴东红三叶的叶片为外植体,在ＭＢ－１至ＭＢ－９的固体培养基上诱导愈伤组织,筛选出最佳培养基是ＭＢ－９培养基．以白三叶（Ｔｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍｒｅｐｅｎｓｅ）裁培品种“路易斯安娜”和“Ｈｕｃａ”的叶片为外植体,接种在ＭＢ－９固体培养基上诱导愈伤组织．愈伤组织形成以后,均在ＭＢ－９固体培养上继代培养３～４次后,获得胚性愈伤组织,然后转至ＭＢ＋３ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ＋０７ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ＋０２ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋２ｍｇ／Ｌ甘氨酸＋５００ｍｇ／ＬＣＨ＋３％蔗糖的液体培养基中,经强化培养,２个月后,获得胚性细胞悬浮系．实验结果表明,缩短换液时间,即每隔３～４ｄ换一次,可加快胚性细胞悬浮系的建立．     

簇毛麦（Haynaldia Villosa）的原生质体培养

簇毛麦的幼胚在含有９μｍｏｌ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ的ＭＢ固体培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织，在相同的培养基上继代培养两个月后出现淡黄色的致密瘤状愈伤组织．在继代培养过程中，愈伤组织的分化能力丧失较快．继代培养一年左右，改变培养条件，可得到颗粒状及粉粒状愈伤组织．分别用这两种类型的愈伤组织建立悬浮培养细胞系．愈伤组织的形态结构与悬浮系的建立及原生质体培养密切相关．来源于颗粒悬浮系的细胞团块产生的原生质体分裂后可产生体细胞胚，而用粉粒悬浮系分离的原生质体不能持续分裂．     

体液直接进样高效液相色谱法测定尿中肌酐和尿酸

报道了聚氧化乙烯交联３－氨基丙基混合功能基固定相在体液直接进样ＨＰＬＣ分析中的应用测定了人尿中的肌酐和尿酸流动相为００１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸盐缓冲液／１０％甲醇,ｐＨ４８１检测波长２３５ｎｍ测定尿酸和肌酐的线性范围分别为３ｎｇ／ｍＬ—１０μｇ／ｍＬ和２ｎｇ／ｍＬ—１０μｇ／ｍＬ,精密度分别为２０％和３０％,回收率分别为９６３％和１０２０％     

影响小麦原生质体培养因素的研究

小麦胚性愈伤组织酶解５小时后，原生质体产率可达６．３×１０６ｇ．ｆｗ－１，酶种类和浓度对小麦原生质体的产率有影响小麦原生质体对不同浓度渗透剂的适应范围较广，在添加０．３ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１０．７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１甘露醇、山梨醇的培养基上，存活率超过５０％所试培养基中，ＫＭ８Ｐ效果最好，实验表明可能与含丰富的附加成分有关除高浓度精胺外，小麦原生质体的存活率随腐胺、精胺浓度的增加而上升，但对原生质体的分裂频率影响不大在上述最佳条件下，小麦原生质体在培养３５天后出现第一次分裂，２０天后统计分裂频率为２５．６％，３个月后植板率为２８％，并形成较多的愈伤组织     

影响大白菜离体培养再生频率各因素的探讨

本实验以大白菜“０２号杂交早皇白”无菌苗的子叶作为材料,就组织培养过程中影响芽再分化的各种因素进行了初步探讨．用附加ＢＡ４．４×１０－６～３５．５×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、ＮＡＡ０．５４×１０－６～３．２×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、ＡｇＮＯ３１．２×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基培养子叶切段,能直接－诱导分化出芽和根;３～１１ｄ苗龄的子叶芽分化率稳定在８０％以上,其中４～５ｄ苗龄的效果较好;子叶比下胚轴易产生愈伤组织和再生芽;整片子叶比子叶切段易诱导分化出芽．芽分化率最高可达９７．８％．但每个外植体平均芽数以切去子叶柄的子叶切段为多．激素配比以ＢＡ８．９×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、 ＮＡＡ２．７×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ为最好,在此培养基中再添加８．４×１０－５ｍｏｌ／ＬＣｏ（ＮＯ３）２对促进芽分化有一定作用,但效果不如ＡｇＮＯ３。     

东乡野生稻原生质体再生小植株

由东乡野生稻的细胞悬浮培养物游离原生质体，采用改良的ＲＹ－２培养基以琼脂糖珠包埋培养，能产生细胞分裂。预分化实验表明：ＡＢＡ能有效地提高原生体愈伤组织的再生能力。最后成功地诱导出原生质体再生植株。     

雷蒙特红豆草下胚轴愈伤组织原生质体再生植株

雷蒙特红豆草１０ｄ龄无菌苗的焉胚轴切段在附加２，４－Ｄ和ＫＴ各１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导愈伤组织，取培养３周后形成的愈伤组织进行酶解可获得大量原生质体。原生质体在修改的ＫＭ８Ｐ液体培养基中培养，第１０ｄ开始分裂，２周后形成小细胞团，４周时发育成大细胞团。第７周将小愈伤组织转于含０．５％琼指糖的固体培养基上，它们可以旺盛生长，成为有根、芽分化的胚性愈伤组织，转于分化培养基上发育成苗的小植株。无根苗     

水母雪莲愈伤组织的多态性及其再分化条件的研究

以水母雪莲（Ｓａｕｓｓｕｒｅａ ｍｅｄｕｓａ Ｍａｘｉｍ．）的幼叶外植体,接种ＭＳ补加０．２～０．４ｍｇ／ＬＮＡ、０．２～４。０ｍｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ的不同组合的培养基上培养３周,即形成大量的原始愈伤组织,其中以ＭＳ＋２。０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ培养基上的诱导效果最好,诱导率可达１００％。水母雪莲原始愈伤组织呈多态性,经继代培养可分离出白色水状、淡黄绿色致密的各紫红色疏松的３种愈伤     

从水稻悬浮细胞获得原生质体再生植株

以长香稻（Ｏｒｙｚａ ｓａｔｉｖａ Ｌ．）（糯稻）的幼嫩种子限为材料，在ＭＳ和Ｎ６基本培养基上诱导产生结构松散的愈伤组织，在ＡＡ培养基中进行液体振荡培养，悬浮细胞经酶解后获得了少在性较好的原生质体，试验证明，水稻悬浮细胞是分离原生质体较理想的材料，在附加２．４－Ｄｌｍｇ／Ｌ（以下单位同），ＫＴ０．２，谷氨酰胺８６７，天门冬胺酸２６６的ＭＳ琼脂糖培养基中，诱导出了大量愈伤组织；在含ＫＴ２，ＮＡＡ０．     

Rice protoplasts isolated directly from mature-embryo-derived calli

Mature-embryo-derived calli of japonica rice (Oryza sativa L) Taipei 309 were used for replicated protoplast isolation experiments. Six out of nine callus lines produced protoplasts with satisfactory yield of 5.20×10⁶–8.96×10⁶ protoplasts/g FW (fresh weight). The remaining three callus lines initiated from seeds of cryopreserved-callus-derived plants had rooty calli, resulting in low yield of protoplasts and a large number of isolated banana-shape intact cells. Viability of protoplasts ranged 87.46%–94.15%. The average size of protoplasts was 207.49–379.04 μm² in different callus lines. Comparitive experiments were also carried out using both calli and suspension culture cells for protoplast isolation. The results demonstrated that protoplast isolation of calli was a substantially simplified and reliable method for preparing rice protoplasts. Jin Deming: born in Jan. 1959, Associated Professor     

大蕉胚性培养物及其原生质体再生植株的染色体分析

 采用看护培养法对大蕉胚性细胞悬浮系（Embryogenic cell suspensions, ECS）来源的原生质体进行培养,并研究了不同品种的看护细胞对原生质体培养的影响,以及大蕉ECS及其原生质体再生植株的染色体数目。结果发现,采用贡蕉ECS作为看护细胞时,大蕉原生质体培养15 d后细胞分裂频率达到8.5%,培养30 d后细胞团形成率为0.35%;而以大蕉ECS作为看护细胞时,全部原生质体褐化,不能正常发育。染色体检测结果表明,大蕉ECS的染色体数目不稳定,除含有正常的三倍体染色体数目的细胞（2n=3x=33）外,还出现大量染色体数目异常的细胞。其中绝大部分细胞含有多倍和非整倍的染色体数目,仅14.5%的细胞含正常三倍体染色体数目;但通过ECS原生质体培养获得的再生植株具有正常的三倍体染色体数目（2n=3x=33）。     

高效褐藻胶降解菌的筛选与产酶条件优化

以海藻酸钠为唯一碳源,从天然腐烂海带中筛选得到一株高效褐藻胶降解菌株53#,经形态学观察和16S r RNA鉴定,确定为类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus agaridevorans。采用正交试验方法,以p H、温度、Na Cl浓度和海藻酸钠初始浓度为影响因素,对该菌株的产酶条件进行优化,得到53#菌的最佳产酶条件:p H=8,25℃,Na Cl浓度15 g/L,海藻酸钠初始浓度15 g/L。在最佳产酶条件下,褐藻胶裂解酶最大酶活可达390.53±17.32U/m L。筛选得到的类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus agaridevorans 53#具有易于培养、产酶速度快和酶活力高等优点,能够实现褐藻胶的高效糖化,在褐藻生产生物乙醇领域具有潜在利用价值。     

Development of a hybrid scaffold and a bioreactor for cartilage regeneration

We developed a hybrid scaffold and a bioreactor for cartilage regeneration. The hybrid scaffold was developed as combination of two components： a biodegradable framework and hydrogel-containing chondrocytes. We performed the MTT cell proliferation assay to compare the proliferation and viability of chondrocytes on three types of scaffolds： an aiginate gel, the hybrid scaffold, and an alginate sponge. Cells were encapsulated in 2% agarose gel. The bioreactor consisted of a circulation system and a compression system. We performed dynamic cell culture on these agarose gels in the bioreactor for 3 days.     

Determination of isocarbophos by cathodically sweeping oscilliopolarography

Determination of isocarbophos by cathodically sweeping oscilliopolarography is described. In a 1.0×10⁻⁵ mol/L sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDS)+0.1 mol/L HAC-NaAC (pH=4.0) buffer medium, isocarbophos and its alkaline hydrolysate exhibited sensitive second derivative wave at −0.50 V and −0.48 V respectively. The peak current was linearly proportional to the concentration of isocarbophos in the range of 5.40×10⁻⁶−1.05×10⁻⁴ mol/L by detecting isocarbophos directly. The detection limit was 3.60×10⁻⁶ mol/L with the relative standard derivation (RSD) of 7.3%. By employing an alkaline hydrolysis, the peak current was linearly proportional to the concentration of isocarbophos in the range from 7.70×10⁻⁷ mol/L to 1.24×10⁻⁴ mol/L, and the detection limit was 5.80×10⁻⁷ mol/L with RSD of 3.1%. The hydrolysis procedure and the electrode reaction were studied by voltammetry. Foundation item: Supported by the Foundation of Chinese-France Cooperation Program on Advanced Research Biography: ZHANG Wu-ming (1929-), female, Professor.     

吸入白细胞介素-5对支气管哮喘患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞数及其活化状态的影响

随机选择８例哮喘患者雾化吸入人重组ＩＬ－５,分别吸入前,吸入后２ｈ,２４ｈ和４８ｈ进行外周血有核细胞计烽和分类,以放射免疫法测定血清中嗜酸性阳离子蛋白（ＥＣＰ）及总ＩｇＥ水平,结果,吸入ＩＬ－５后嗜酸性粒细胞（ＥＯＳ）占细胞总数的百分比,ＥＯＳ绝对细胞数以及ＥＣＰ水平均随时间而明显升高,至２４ｈ达最高值,４８ｈ后仍维持在较高水平,ＩＬ－５在整个实验过程中对血清总ＩｇＥ水平无明显影响,表明,吸入ＩＬ     

Determination of omethoate by cathodically sweeping oscillopolarography

Determination of omethoate by cathodically sweeping oscillopolarography is described. The product of the alkaline hydrolysis exhibited a sensitive second derivative wave at −0.50 V (vs. SCE) in a 1.0 ×10⁻⁵mol/L sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS)+0.1 mol/L HAc-NaAc (pH 4.0) buffer. The peak current was linearly proportional to the concentration of omethoate in the range from 6.4×10⁻⁷ to 5.1×10⁻⁵ mol/L. The detection limit is 2.0×10⁻⁷ mol/L with the relative standard derivation (RSD) of 3.5%. The hydrolysis procedure and the electrode reaction were studied by voltammetry. Supported by the Foundation of Chinese-Franch Cooperation Programme on the Advanced Research Wang Yu: born in 1964. Lecturer. Cangzhou Teacher’s College, Cangzhou, Hebei, 061001     

一种简单方法提高原生质体再生植株频率

发展了一种简单有效的方法,提高从灿稻品种Ｐｕｓａ Ｂａｓｍａｔｉ１建立的超过１年龄悬浮细胞系中游离的原生质体再生植株频率。两步再生法,即先将愈伤组织转入含高浓度琼脂糖（１０ｇ／Ｌ）的再生培养基中培养后再转入含低浓度琼脂糖（４ｇ／Ｌ）的再生培养基中培养,有助于植株再生,两步再生法结合使用含高浓度激动素Ｋｉｎｅｔｉｎ（１０ｍｇ／Ｌ）的再生培养基,显著提高植株再生频率,利用此法,可使来源于超过１年龄的悬     

Transfer of bacterial blight resistance from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza meyeriana</Emphasis> to <Emphasis Type="Italic">O. sativa</Emphasis> L. by asymmetric somatic hybridization

Asymmetric somatic hybrid plants were produced between cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wild species [O. meyeriana (Zoll. etMor, exSteud.)] with high resistance to rice bacterial blight. X-ray-irradiated protoplasts of the wild species were used as donor and chemically fused with iodoacetamide-inactivated protoplasts of rice cv. 02428 to produce hybrids. Seventy-two plants were regenerated from 623 calli based on metabolic complementation. The morphological characters of the plants closely resembled that of the rice. Simple sequence repeats were employed to identify their hybridity. Cytological analysis of root-tips revealed that their chromosome number varied in the range of 27--38. The somatic hybrids were inoculated with strains of Xanthamonas oryzae pv. oryzae at adult growth stage and demonstrated the resistance to bacterial blight introgression from the O. meyeriana.     

化学修饰电极对乙基麦芽酚的测定

通过循环伏安法将氧化石墨烯和L-谷氨酸混合液修饰在玻碳电极表面,制备了聚L-谷氨酸/石墨烯修饰电极。通过循环伏安法及差分脉冲伏安法,研究乙基麦芽酚的电化学性质。实验结果表明:最佳条件下,乙基麦芽酚分别在0.951 V和0.852 V处出现氧化峰。其浓度分别在6.00×10-6～1.00×10-4 mol/L及4.00×10-6～4.00×10-4 mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为4.0×10-7 mol/L。用于检测食品中的乙基麦芽酚,结果满意。