产生多种抗真菌活性物质菌种的筛选分离和鉴定

从堆肥样品中分离出的伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia)CF-66株能够抑制若干植物病原霉菌和病原酵母菌,并且显示了广谱抗菌活性．这种抑制作用不需要细胞的接触或活细胞,说明抗菌活性物质应是分泌代谢到细胞外的化合物．通过生理学和生物化学检测及16S rRNA测序,清楚表明：CF-66菌株归属于洋葱伯克霍尔德菌群．以前的研究指出,洋葱伯克霍尔德菌群中的亚门(genomovar)Ⅱ、Ⅲ含有传染性的菌株,但通过species-specific PCR鉴定已证明,CF-66菌株并不属于洋葱伯克霍尔德菌群中的genomovarⅡ、Ⅲ,而归属于洋葱伯克霍尔德菌群genomovarV．     

洋葱汁对五种常见食源性病原细菌抑菌效果研究

探讨两种不同颜色(紫皮洋葱和白皮洋葱)的生洋葱汁对五种常见食源性病原细菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、单增李斯特氏菌、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和大肠杆菌)的抑菌效果.通过制备两种不同颜色的生洋葱汁,首先采用顶空取样并结合GC-MS分析两种不同生洋葱汁的主要挥发性成分,随后采用液体培养和平板抑菌试验研究两种不同颜色的洋葱汁对五种食源性病原菌的抑菌效果.GC-MS的结果分析表明含硫化合物是洋葱原汁中的主要挥发性成分,达34种,硫醚类化合物占12种.液体培养试验表明两种不同品种的洋葱原汁对五种常见的食源性病原菌均具有一定的抑菌效果,在细菌生长早期(4-6 h)抑菌效果较明显,随着培养时间的延长,抑菌效果逐渐减弱(10-12 h).抑菌效果强弱与洋葱原汁浓度呈正相关.平板抑菌试验表明洋葱原汁对金黄色葡萄球菌和志贺氏菌有很强的抑菌效果,总的来说紫色洋葱汁的抑菌效果较好些.我们的研究结果表明生洋葱汁对常见的食源性病原细菌有一定的抑菌效果,为食品保鲜和食品保健等方面均有一定的指导意义.     

壳聚糖对Burkholderia CF-66发酵液的絮凝效果

洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia CF-66)作为微生物农药能够抑制若干植物病原菌和原酵母菌,并且显示了广谱抗菌活性[1].通过对洋葱伯克霍尔德菌发酵液培养能得到具有生物活性的抗菌物质,有望以它替代现有的化学农药[2].根据絮凝法除菌率较高的特点,本研究采用天然高分子絮凝剂[3     

啮齿类实验动物唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌荧光定量PCR方法的建立及应用

目的 建立用于检测实验动物小鼠中唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌的荧光定量PCR方法。方法 参考团标公布的序列合成唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德氏菌引物、探针和质粒，建立荧光PCR方法，并对方法的线性、灵敏度、重复性和特异性等性能进行验证。同时应用建立的荧光PCR方法和细菌培养法对110份小鼠送检样品进行比对检测。结果 建立的唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌荧光PCR方法，相关系数R²可达0.998,线性良好；方法最低可检测至1×10² copies/5μL,灵敏度高；方法检测培养的唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌为阳性，检测金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、产酸克雷伯杆菌、绿脓杆菌和嗜肺巴斯德杆菌均为阴性，特异性良好。采集110只安乐死小鼠样品，分别进行细菌培养和荧光PCR检测，结果均为阴性，2种方法结果完全符合。结论 建立的荧光PCR方法性能良好，可用于实验动物小鼠唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌的检测。     

科学触角

类鼻疽伯克霍尔德氏菌的"致命武器"得以确认类鼻疽伯克霍尔德氏菌是曾肆虐于南亚地区和澳大利亚北部的败血症的罪魁祸首。类鼻疽在越战后引起了广泛关注,曾被称为"越南定时炸弹"。英国剑桥大学的类鼻疽研究专家莎伦·皮考克(Sharon Peacock)说:"感染了类鼻疽的人会患上一种很严重的传     

生物功能化多层膜及其在组织工程中的应用

生物功能化多层膜在组织工程中具有重要应用.针对特定的需求,采取层层组装等方法,对材料表面进行修饰和功能化,构筑具有特殊生物功能的多层膜,用于改善材料的生物相容性并调节其生物功能,是当前该领域研究的一个热点,也是组织工程研究发展领域的一个挑战.层层组装技术是构筑生物功能化多层膜,实现其特定生物特性的一种重要技术方法,在生物功能化多层膜组装技术中占有重要地位.本文重点评述了生物功能化多层膜的种类及其层层组装的构筑方法,同时重点介绍了层层组装生物功能化多层膜在组织工程血管和组织工程骨两个领域的重要应用,并展望了其今后的发展方向.     

不同环境来源的洋葱伯克氏菌对人体健康的风险评估

对来源于不同环境的41株洋葱伯克氏菌进行了毒力基因检测及致病性研究.4个毒力基因(BCESM,cbl A,cepR和cep I)被从数量不等的菌株中扩增到,从而认定了10个风险性较高的菌株;通过苜蓿和生菜模型致病性测定,发现不同来源的很多菌株表现出对苜蓿和生菜不同程度的致病力.所研究的洋葱伯克氏菌株大部分被认定对人体健康存在风险.     

福建省长泰县国家生态示范区生态林业建设研究

生态林业是符合可持续发展要求的传统林业替代模式,具有生产性、区域性、协调性、复合性和尺度性等五大特性.本文对福建长泰国家生态示范区森林资源与林业发展的特征与问题进行了浅析,着重探讨一个包括观念、林地景观生态保护区、地带性植被保护、生物防火林带、生产性复合型生态系统和生物多样性——生态旅游复区等内容、具区域特色和一定借鉴意义的生态林业体系建设问题.     

基于SOA的数字林业基础服务平台

在分析了数字林业建设以及国家重点林业生态工程和全国森林资源监测管理等业务的具体需要之后,提出了基于SOA的数字林业基础服务平台的体系架构.从概念框架、层次结构、实现框架、服务开发方式等几个方面对基于SOA的数字林业基础服务平台框架进行了设计,同时探讨了如何通过建立具有普适性和稳定性的数字林业核心服务组件解决数字林业平台中异构系统之间的资源共享等问题.     

一种新型生物植入材料磨损测试装置

摩擦磨损是造成人工关节等生物医用材料在体内失效的主要因素. 借助生物材料磨损试验机, 对生物植入材料进行体外实验, 以考察材料的强度、摩擦磨损等性能. 这对于生物材料在人体中的应用研究十分重要. 介绍一种新型的销盘型(pin on disc, POD) 生物植入材料磨损测试装置(Biotribo-POD). 该试验机可以对生物材料进行生物摩擦学试验, 主要用于模拟和预测临床中人工关节等生物材料的磨损特性, 其中对髋关节、膝关节和肩关节植入材料的预测是研究的重点. 该试验机有6 个工位, 可以同时对6 个销进行试验. 装置分为4 个模块:加载模块、销导向模块、框架模块和运动模块. 该试验机的主要特点是可以通过电脑程序的控制实现多种轨迹, 而且可通过调节所受载荷研究运动情况对材料磨损造成的影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.