A single-step synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene sheets decorated with cobalt hydroxide nanoflakes for the determination of dopamine

Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide(NrGO)sheets decorated with Co(OH)_2nanoflakes were prepared by a single-step hydrothermal process.The morphological and structural characterizations of as synthesized Nr GO@Co(OH)_2nanoflakes were performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),EDX-mapping and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Nr GO@Co(OH)_2nanoflakes modified glassy carbon electrode(GCE)was used for electrochemical sensing of dopamine in neutral medium.The nanocomposite modified electrode showed enhanced electrochemical sensing ability for the detection of dopamine and the limit of detection(Lo D)was found to be 0.201μM with a sensitivity value of 0.0286±0.002 m A m M~(-1).Interference studies revealed that Nr GO@Co(OH)_2─GCE endow excellent selectivity for DA detection even in the presence of higher concentration of common co-existing physiological interfering analytes.Additionally,proposed sensor demonstrated excellent performance in urine samples with promising reproducibility and stability.     

基于植酸锆/普鲁士蓝复合膜的电催化行为研究

通过层层自组装技术,构建植酸锆/普鲁士蓝(Zr-IP_6/PB)多层结构膜.基于普鲁士蓝(PB)对双氧水(H_2O_2)有很高的电催化性能,加之5层植酸锆/普鲁士蓝膜多孔结构有利于传质过程,该H_2O_2传感器具有高灵敏度和高选择性.实验结果显示:修饰电极对H_2O_2响应的物质的量浓度范围为2.00×10~(-5)～1.76×10~(-3) mol·L~(-1),线性相关系数R=0.998 9.     

Synthesis of dental resins using diatomite and nano-sized SiO2 and TiO2

The mechanical properties of dental composites were improved by porous diatomite and nano-sized silica (OX-50) used as co-fillers.The resin composites,filled with silanized OX-50 and silanized diatomit...     

基于碳纳米笼直接修饰电极的多巴胺电化学传感器

采用模板法制备了直径约100 nm的碳纳米笼(CNCs),透射电镜表征表明制备的CNCs呈空心笼状结构.利用滴涂法将CNCs直接修饰在玻碳电极(GCE)表面,构建了多巴胺电化学传感器(CNCs/GCE).研究表明,CNCs/GCE对多巴胺的电化学氧化具有良好的催化性.最优实验条件下,CNCs/GCE对多巴胺检测的线性范围是8×10~(-8)~2×10~(-4)mol/L,检出限为6×10~(-9)mol/L(S/N=3).结果表明,该多巴胺电化学传感器具有良好的稳定性、重现性和选择性,用于实际样品多巴胺注射液中多巴胺含量的测定,结果令人满意.     

WO3丙酮传感器及其多传感器融合技术的研究

高浓度丙酮会刺激黏膜和引起中毒，在医疗健康领域丙酮也可作为呼出气体标记物。为实现对丙酮气体的有效检测，利用WO₃纳米材料制备旁热式气敏传感器，系统测试该传感器的基本特性，并在此基础上与SnO₂传感器组成双气敏传感器阵列，结合反向传播神经网络方法对丙酮混合气体进行识别。在体积浓度10^-5丙酮气体测试中，WO₃丙酮传感器的响应值达到9.3，响应与恢复时间均为4 s，重复性误差小于10^-8；双气敏传感器阵列对混合气体中丙酮和乙醇的识别误差小于10^-8。结果表明，制备的WO₃传感器响应灵敏度、稳定性、选择性、瞬态响应等特性良好，采用多传感器融合技术可以实现混合气体的有效识别。     

A review on TiO2 nanotube arrays: Fabrication, properties, and sensing applications

Fabrication, properties, and sensing applications of TiO₂ nanotubes have been reviewed, and the highly ordered TiO₂ nanotube arrays made by anodic oxidation in fluoride-contained electrolytes highlighted. The effect of anodization parameters (electrolyte, pH, and voltage) on the titania nanotube size and shape were discussed. The excellent biocompatibility of TiO₂, the high orientation, the large surface area with tunable pore sizes, as well as the high electron transfer rate along with the nanotubes make TiO₂ nanotube array an ideal substrate for the sensor’s fabrication and application. The sensors based on the TiO₂ nanotube arrays for sensing hydrogen, oxygen, humidity, glucose and hydrogen peroxide all exhibited low detection limit, high stability, very good reproducibility and high sensitivity.     

分子印迹电化学发光传感器检测毒死蜱

石墨相氮化碳纳米薄片（g-C₃N₄NSs）具有优良的电化学发光（ECL）性能和良好的成膜特性.以g-C₃N₄NSs作为ECL材料,利用其良好的成膜性能将其固定在玻碳电极（GCE）上,再以毒死蜱（CPF）作模板分子,甲基丙烯酸（MAA）作功能单体,通过分子自组装制备分子印迹聚合物（MIP）.将该聚合物引入g-C₃N₄NSs修饰电极,构建了一个MIP-ECL传感器.除去模板分子的传感器能够选择性识别CPF,利用CPF对g-C₃N₄NSs ECL信号的淬灭作用实现了CPF的高灵敏、高选择性检测.传感器对CPF的线性响应范围是1.0×10^-8~1.0×10^-4mol·L^-1,检出限（LOD）是5.0 nmol·L^-1,用于蔬菜中CPF残留量检测,结果令人满意.     

基于纳米银-二氧化钛-壳聚糖复合物修饰电极的 芦丁电化学传感器的构建及其应用研究

本实验以Ag-TiO_2-CS纳米复合物修饰电极构建电化学传感器,建立适用于其分析检测的电化学分析新方法。利用Ag-TiO_2-CS修饰电极,以此制备芦丁电化学传感器。用循环伏安法(CV)对电极的电化学特性进行研究,之后用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)对芦丁进行检测,建立芦丁的电化学检测新方法。CV实验表明Ag-TiO_2-CS纳米复合物具有良好的电化学活性,可以应用于芦丁检测。DPV实验进一步表明,修饰电极峰电流值与芦丁浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系,稳定性、抗干扰性等良好,此电化学传感器可以对芦丁片中的芦丁进行测定,结果良好。该传感器制作方法简单,灵敏度较高,稳定性好,可用于芦丁片中芦丁的分析测定。     

Electrochemical exfoliation for few-layer graphene in molybdate aqueous solution and its application for fast electrothermal film

There are still serious barriers from laboratory exploration to large-scale production of commercializing highquality graphene, especially by environmental-friendly methods. In this study, a simple and efficient electrochemical method for the preparation of high-quality water-dispersible graphene has been developed using molybdate aqueous solutions as the electrolyte. The exfoliation of graphite paper could be achieved in the electrolyte with a high yield of a few layers graphene(1–5 layers, 76%) and uniform lateral size(1–6 μm, 90%).The as-obtained few layers graphene well dispersed in aqueous solution with a solubility of ～4 mg mL~(-1) and stability for at least 2 months. It provides a new green method to prepare high-quality graphene. The as-prepared water-dispersible graphene films exhibit significant electrothermal performance, with a steady-state temperature of 147 °C under voltage of 10 V and a maximum heating rate achieved of 11.8 °C s~(-1).     

A facile and cost-effective approach to fabrication of high performance pressure sensor based on graphene-textile network structure

High performance flexible pressure sensors have received tremendous attention due to the potential applications in wearable electronics and humanoid robotics. Herein, a low-cost, time-saving fabrication strategy is reported to efficiently construct highly sensitive and scalable pressure sensors based on graphene-textile. The flexible pressure sensor was prepared through a dip coating approach where the graphene ink was used as the active material and textile with ordered network structure, serves as the flexible support matrix. By increasing the number of layers of the textile, the pressure sensor could achieve a high linear sensitivity value of 0.23 kPa⁻¹, a broad pressure range from 0 to 140 kPa, and a durability over 800 cycles. It was found that the network structure of the graphene-textile contributed to the enhancement of the sensing performance due to the piezoresistive effect resulting from the deformation of conductive graphene-textile. Moreover, by virtue of its exceptional properties, it is demonstrate that the high performance flexible pressure sensor could be further used to detect human physiological signals, such as wrist pulse, finger press detection and walking state monitoring, indicating its promising potential to flexible and wearable electronics.     

Flexible micro-supercapacitors fabricated from MnO2 nanosheet/graphene composites with black phosphorus additive

Supercapacitors are widely used for powering flexible/wearable electronics owing to their excellent charge storage capabilities. In this study, MnO₂ nanosheets were grown on the surface of graphene using a simple water bath method to prepare graphene/MnO₂ composites for fabricating supercapacitors. In addition, two-dimensional black phosphorus was introduced as an additive into the electronic ink based on the as-prepared graphene/MnO₂ composites. The characterization and electrochemical analyses results showed that adding black phosphorus considerably improved the capacitive performance of the material, yielding a high specific capacitance of 241.5 ?F ?g^-1 at 0.1 ?A ?g^-1 and an impressive rate capability improvement from 52.5% to 80.3%. Then the micro-supercapacitor having an area-specific capacitance of 20.15 ?mF ?cm^-2 at a scanning rate of 2 ?mV ?s^-1 was utilized to demonstrate the practical applicability of this material. To further evaluate the practical applicability of this micro-supercapacitor, the micro-supercapacitor was integrated with a flexible thin-film pressure sensor on paper and cloth through screen printing.     

Preparation and application of electrochemical barbital sensor based on molecularly imprinting technique

A molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was prepared based on poly folic acid(PFA) for rapid detection of barbital(BAR). The PFA membrane was obtained via directly electropolymerization technique on the surface of chemically modified Au electrode(Au/CME) by means of cyclic voltammetry(CV) in the potential range between-0.4 and 1.0 V in phosphate buffer solution(PBS) pH 7.04. The molecularly imprinted polymers(MIP) membrane was synthesized with BAR as template molecules and folic acid(FA) as the functional monomer. The performance and surface feature of the proposed imprinted sensor were investigated using CV, differential pulse voltammetry(DPV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Under the optimized conditions, the peak current decrease(ΔI_p) was proportional to the BAR concentration in the range of 1.00×10~(–7)-1.00×10~(–4) mol/L(R~2=0.998 2) with a detection limit(S/N=3) of 4.65×10~(–8) mol/L. The results indicated that the imprinted sensor exhibited an excellent selectivity for BAR and it was successfully used to determine BAR in real samples with recoveries of 94.7%-106.2% by using the standard addition method.     

A ternary TiO2/WO3/graphene nanocomposite adsorbent: facile preparation and efficient removal of Rhodamine B

Ternary TiO₂/WO₃/graphene (TWG) nanocomposites were prepared by a facile salt-ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption. Both anatase TiO₂ and orthorhombic WO₃ formed in the nanocomposites, along with a highly disordered overlay of individual graphene nanosheets. Polyhedral and spherical TiO₂ and WO₃ nanoparticles of uniform size 10–30 nm were densely anchored to the graphene sheets. The maximum specific surface area of the products was 144.59 m²·g^?1. The products showed clear abilities for the removal of Rhodamine B in the absence of illumination. Furthermore, the adsorption activity of the products exhibited only a slight decrease after three successive cycles. The results demonstrate that the ternary nanocomposites could be used as a high-efficiency adsorbent for the removal of environmental contaminants.     

基于碳量子点的电化学传感器检测多巴胺

以蜡烛灰为原料,利用经济和绿色的合成方法制备出碳量子点纳米材料,并通过扫描电子显微镜来进行表征.利用碳量子点修饰碳玻电极制备电化学传感器,并通过循环伏安法和微分脉冲伏安法对传感器的电化学行为进行考察.结果表明,该传感器对多巴胺检测的线性检测范围为0.1~100μmol/L,检出限为0.02μmol/L(S/N=3).     

Layered Fe（Ⅲ） doped TiO2 thin-film electrodes for the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of glucose and potassium hydrogen phthalate

Four types of TiO 2 thin-film electrodes were fabricated from TiO 2 and Fe(III) doped TiO 2 sols using a layer-by-layer dip-coating technique. Electrodes fabricated were TF (pure TiO 2 surface, Fe(III)-TiO 2 bottom layer), FT (Fe(III)-TiO 2 surface, pure TiO 2 bottom layer), TT (both layers pure TiO 2 ) and FF (both layers Fe(III)-TiO 2 ). The photoelectrochemical behavior of these electrodes was characterized using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and steady-state photocurrent measurements in aqueous 0.1 mol L –1 NaNO 3 containing varying concentrations of glucose or potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP). EIS and LSV results revealed that exciton separation efficiency followed the sequence of TF﹥TT﹥FT > FF. Under a constant potential of +0.3 V, steady-state photocurrent profiles were recorded with varying organic compound concentrations. The TF electrode possessed the greatest photocatalytic capacity for oxidizing glucose and KHP, and possessed a KHP anti-poisoning effect. Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of the TF electrode was attributed to effective exciton separation because of the layered TF structure.     

Application of Nanometer-Size Titanium Dioxide in Extreme-Trace V（Ⅴ） Analysis

0Introduction Vanadiumplaysanimportantroleinmodernindustry,es peciallyinsteelandchemicalindustry.Forinstance,itscompoundsarewidelyappliedintheproceduresofvitrioland petroleumchemicalmanufactureascatalyzers[14].Vanadium hasseveralvalences,butgenerallyitslowvalencesturnintohighoneseasilyinenvironment[5].BecauseV(Ⅴ)isthemost stableandpoisonousone,weoftenlayemphasisonitinenvi ronmentalpollutioncontrol.Vanadiumexistsinenvironmentalwaterwithextremelylowconcentration.Inseawateritscontentislessthan…     

Application of upconversion luminescence in dye-sensitized solar cells

An upconversion luminescence powder TiO2:(Er3+,Yb3+) is prepared by a hydrothermal method and used to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC).The TiO2:(Er3+,Yb3+) powder undergoes upconversion luminescence,converting infrared light which the dye can not absorb into visible light with wavelengths of 510-700 nm which the dye can absorb,increasing the photocurrent of the DSSC.TiO2:(Er3+,Yb3+) also acts as a p-type dopant,heightening the Fermi level of the oxide film,which increases the photovoltage of the DSSC.The best performance of the DSSC is found when the ratio of TiO2/luminescence powder is 1/3 in the luminescence layer.Under simulated solar irradiation of 100 mW cm-2 (AM 1.5),the DSSC containing TiO2:(Er3+,Yb3+) doping achieves a light-to-electricity energy conversion efficiency of 7.28% compared with 6.41% for the undoped DSSC.     

Bilirubin sensor based on CuO-CdO composites deposited in a nafion/glassy carbon electrode matrixes

Copper oxide-cadmium oxide nanocomposites(CuO-CdO NCs) were synthesized by solvothermal technique in a basic medium. CuO-CdO NCs were characterized using conventional techniques, such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), UV–Visible Spectroscopy(UV/Vis), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM), X-ray electron dispersive spectroscopy(XEDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and powder X-ray diffraction(XRD). A selective and enzyme-less Bilirubin(BLR) sensor was developed with a thin-layer of NCs onto a glassy carbon electrode(GCE, surface area = 0.0316 cm~2) using 5% nafion binders at room conditions. Improved electrochemical performances of higher sensitivity, lower detection limit,linear dynamic range(LDR), and long-term stability of preferred BLR were achieved by a reliable currentvoltage(I-V) approach. The calibration curve was found linear(R~2= 0.9347) in a wide range of BLR concentration(10.0 pM ~ 10.0 mM). Based on the signal to noise ratio value of 3, the sensitivity and limit of detection(LOD) of the sensor were calculated as 95.0 pA μM~(-1) cm~(-2) and 1.0 ± 0.1 pM respectively.Solvothermally synthesized CuO-CdO NCs/GCE is an excellent advancement of developing a selective and sensitive BLR sensor by electrochemical approach and practically implemented in real sample applications.     

鲜枣中糖精的快速、无标签检测

糖精是食品工业中最古老的人造甜味剂之一,因为没有卡路里而被广泛使用,但其滥用是非法的,食品中最大允许添加量为8.189×10^-4mol·L^-1.介绍了以六磷酸肌醇（IP₆）为保护剂合成的银（Ag）纳米粒子（Ag NPs）,即Ag NPs@IP₆,并提出了一种基于表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）的快速方法.探讨了食品中糖精的测定,用最佳SERS法测定水中糖精的最低可检测浓度可达50 nmol·L^-1,符合食品添加剂耐受性水平的国家食品安全标准.提出了基于便携式拉曼的AgNPs@IP₆的SERS方法,可用于现场检测食品中的糖精,如新鲜枣果.     

硫化镉/石墨烯/TiO_2纳米棒阵列的光电化学性能

采用水热法在掺氟导电玻璃(FTO)上生长TiO_2纳米棒阵列。通过电化学伏安法将氧化石墨烯还原并沉积在TiO_2纳米棒阵列上,再经过化学水浴沉积硫化镉,形成Cd S/石墨烯/TiO_2阵列复合材料。用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜及X射线能量色散仪对样品的晶型、形貌以及成分进行分析。通过电化学工作站表征样品交流阻抗、开路电位、光电流响应及光化学能转换效率。结果表明,复合材料的电荷转移电阻约是未修饰的TiO_2纳米棒阵列的1/17,光电流比未修饰的TiO_2纳米棒阵列提高约2.5倍,在外加电压为-0.6 V时可达到2.2%。