Redundant Multithreading Architecture Overview

To overcome the ever-increasing susceptibility to transient-fault in processors, various redundant multithreading （RMT） architectures have been proposed, which is becoming a most effective approach for detecting and recovering from transient-fault. This paper surveys a wide range of RMT architectures-from the original AR-SMT（A-stream R-stream Simultaneous MultiThreading） to the most-recent SD-SRT （Slack-Decode Simultaneous Redundant Threading）, presenting traverse analyses and comparisons among them, and hereby demonstrates its evolution and tendency. Finally, some directions and suggestions are put forward for the further RMT research and development.     

高性能处理器中干扰公平队列I/O调度器

高性能处理器和系统需要高存储带宽和高效的外部I/O处理, 需要同时服务吞吐率密集应用和延迟敏感应用, 给多道程序计算机系统和多租户模式的超级计算机系统的公平性带来巨大的挑战。针对这两类应用共享SSD (solid-state disks)等可并发的存储设备问题, 开发一款基于队列的干扰公平(interference fair queueing, IFQ)调度器。在Linux操作系统实现IFQ调度器, 并与其他调度器进行对比, 包括Linux的 CFQ调度器、STF调度器、MFAP的时间片流转调度器和MFAP的短时间片流转调度器。基于合成工作集、访问踪迹工作集和真实应用工作集的结果显示, IFQ调度器可以同时保证公平性和响应延迟。     

用进位存储加法器快速实现串行乘除法和平方根计算

为适应嵌入式低功耗微处理器的应用，提出了可同时实现浮点乘除法和平方根计算宏模块（MDS）的同步串行实现方式。乘法计算采用Booth算法迭代，除法与平方根计算的实现采用基4SRT算法，在迭代中共用商位查询表，可同步实现部分冗余结果向非冗余二进制的转换。为加快迭代的速度，摒弃了进位传递加法器（CPA），而采用进位存储加法器（CSA）来实现迭代中的加法运算。宏模块设计控制逻辑简单，资源面积占用少，迭代时间短，经可编程逻辑器件验证，速度可提高1倍以上。在此基础上，提出了对除法和平方根计算异步自定时实现方式的改进方案，该实现方式不仅易于版图布线，而且大大降低了瞬态功耗。     

Effect of Sludge Retention Time on the Fate of Proteins and Polysaccharides in AAO Process

Effect of sludge retention time( SRT) on the removal of potential and polysaccharides in an anaerobic / anoxic / aerobic( AAO) process was investigated. The Lowry method and anthrone method were used to detect proteins and polysaccharides. Total removal efficiency of proteins at SRT of 10 to 25 d in the AAO system was higher than 90%. Polysaccharides removal efficiencies were above 80% when SRT was increased from 15 to 25 d,whereas only 81% of polysaccharides was removed at SRT of 10 d. The biodegradation part of proteins and polysaccharides increased from87. 40% to 93% and from 74. 22% to 86. 94% with increasing SRTs.The ratios of polysaccharides and proteins in extracellular polymer substances( EPSs) were around 1. 5-3 in different SRTs. As SRT increasing,polysaccharides and proteins discharged with residual sludge decreased gradually. The amount of EPSs decreased with increasing SRTs.     

飞机机轮轮毂结构疲劳可靠性分析

提出了结构疲劳可靠性计算模型．该模型以结构初始疲劳质量的描述为基础,考虑裂纹扩展的随机性,建立了以裂纹长度为判据的结构失效功能函数,并用ＪＣ法和一次二阶矩法计算飞机机轮轮毂在不同循环次数下的裂纹超过数概率．同时分析了疲劳裂纹扩展的分散性对结构疲劳可靠度的影响．最后,用实物疲劳试验结果对上述方法给出的预测结果进行了验证,验证结果证明该方法是合理的．     

以培养创新人才为导向的科研训练实践与探讨

大学生科研训练计划是激发学生研究兴趣和创新欲望,提高研究能力的一个重要环节。本文从科研训练项目的管理,教师自身科研素质和创新意识的提高,学生团队意识和合作精神的培养三个方面进行了探讨,分析了存在的问题,提出了相应的改进意见。同时对工学院近三年SRT项目立项及执行情况进行了统计和分析。结果表明：完善的制度、学生的自主能动性和指导教师的综合科研能力是保证SRT项目质量和顺利实施的关键因素。     

Solar release time of solar energetic particles and associated acceleration source in corona

Solar energetic particles （SEPs） are accelerated in corona at an early phase of solar energetic particle events （SEPE）. The acceleration mechanism of SEPs in corona can only be inferred from an analysis of multi-band observational data, as the observation of SEPs is usually made around 1AU. In this context, people have investigated spectrums, charge state, solar release time （SRT）, and multi-band data of SEPEs, in an attempt to judge the acceleration mechanism of SEPs. The SRT computation of SEPs is an important and commonly used approach to study the acceleration mechanism of SEPs in corona. This paper reviews some important findings concerning the SRT computation of SEPs, and analyzes different merits of each approach for such calculation, based on a range of SEPE case studies. This paper also analyzes and discusses both possible and actual acceleration mechanisms of a number of SEPEs, by calculating the SRT of the SEPEs. Finally, the paper summarizes the possible problems in studying an acceleration mechanism of SEPEs inferred from the SRT of SEP.     

Influence of solid retention time on sludge characteristics and effluent quality in immersed membrane bioreactor

Here the effect of solid retention time （SRT） on the concentration of the mixed liquor suspend solid （MLSS）, the sludge characteristics, the content of extra-cellular polymeric substances （EPS）, the viscosity of mixed liquor and effluent quality in the immersed membrane bioreactor （IMBR） was investigated. The results indicate that the increase of the EPS content is the main reason for the increase of mixed liquor viscosity, the former is positively correlated with the latter （R^2 = 0.9751）. The size distribution profile of particles in the mixed liquor presents double-peak shape at SRT more than 30 days. The filtration resistance of membrane in IMBR is mainly caused by the tiny particles and the viscosity of the mixed liquor. In this study, the extension of SRT can hardly affect the removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand （COD） and NH4^＋-N, and when SRT is below 30 days, silt density index （SDIIs） is less than 3, the effluent can be deeply treated by using reverse osmosis system （RO） or nano-filtration system （NF）. The method of controlling SRT is put forward by analyzing the relationship between SRT and the minimum generation-time of dominant bacteria （at the maximum specific growth rate under the operation temperature）.     

Performance of Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

IntroductionAlong with the progress of membranemanufacturing technology,the application ofmembrane filtration,especially in conjunction withbiological systems has been widely investigated inwastewater treatment and reuse[1,2 ] . In thecombined process,the membrane is used as analternative to the sedimentation tank. The efficientseparation capability of a membrane enables highlyconcentrated biosolids to be retained within thebioreactor,so thatthe system can be operated withhigh organic loading …     

面向对象的 FMS 仿真、调度与控制的统一模型

分析了传统ＦＭＳ设计中存在的问题以及建立统一模型的必要性，提出了基于统一仿真模型的解决方案；作为建立统一模型的突破口，提出了虚拟工作站的概念，并初步探讨了基于虚拟工作站的ＦＭＳ控制模型；最后探讨了将面向对象的建模技术与Ｐｅｔｒｉ网相结合以构建统一模型的思路．     

热碱解-好氧消化联合工艺处理剩余污泥的效能及抗性基因变化研究

通过检测热碱解前后污泥理化指标变化,以及不同曝气量（Qb=0.5 、2 L/min）和不同固体停留时间（solids retention time,SRT）（10、20 d）条件下好氧消化（conventional aerobic digestion,CAD）和热碱解-好氧消化（Thermal-Alkaline Pretreatment-conventional aerobic digestion,taCAD）2种工艺常规指标和抗性基因（ARGs）的变化,文章评价了热碱解-好氧消化（Thermal-Alkaline Pretreatment-conventional aerobic digestion,taCAD）工艺处理剩余污泥的效能,并初步评价了其生态风险. 结果表明:在pH=11,T=70℃,t=1 h的热碱解条件下,污泥胞内物质大量释放,热碱解混合物中（sCOD）、（多糖）、（蛋白质）等可达到原污泥的数10倍. 当CAD工艺SRT=10 d时,热碱解的VS去除率分别提高113.9%（Qb=0.5 L/min）,160.5%（Qb=2L/min）,TCOD去除率分别提高和234.6%（Qb=0.5 L/min）、83.3%（Qb=2 L/min）的. taCAD处理后（NH3-N）明显低于CAD的. 热碱解会使得后续CAD反应器中（sCOD）和（TP）上升. 减小曝气量、延长SRT的CAD过程有利于ARGs的削减,热碱解可导致CAD中部分ARGs回升. 相关性分析和微生物群落结构分析结果表明:CAD中的ARGs传播途径以基因水平转移（HGT）途径为主. 文章在初步评价taCAD工艺生态风险的同时,也为其后续污泥处置方式的选择提供理论依据.     

利用EPS膜间作用能评价不同SRT下其污染潜能

考察了不同SRT条件下EPS膜污染潜能,并分析了不同污泥龄(SRT)条件下EPS与PVDF膜间的界面能参数及相互作用能形貌.结果表明,SRT 30 d的EPS与PVDF膜之间的界面自由能(ΔGadh)比SRT 15 d的EPS与PVDF膜之间的界面自由能(ΔGadh)减少12.3%.SRT 15 d的EPS到达PVDF膜表面比SRT 30 d的EPS到达膜表面需要多克服4.2 KT的斥力相互作用能.过滤实验显示SRT 15 d的EPS导致了65.2%的通量衰减,而SRT 30 d的EPS引起了57.2%的通量衰减.这一结果进一步证实了与SRT 15 d的EPS相比较,SRT 30 d的EPS具有更低的污染潜能.     

塑性平面应力问题的统一特征线场理论

文中提出的塑性平面应力问题极限分析的统一特征线场理论，可以广泛适用于不同性质的各类材料，包括各类拉压强度相等的和不相等的各种金属类材料和非金属类材料。统一特征线场理论充分考虑了各种不同材料的中间主应力效应，建立起了各种特征场之间的定理关系，形成了一个系统的理论，有的特征线性均为文中统一理论的特例。     

粒子物理中4类相互作用统一的一种方案及其拉氏量

在评述了粒子物理中各种相互作用的统一理论后，基于以前提出的统一4类相互作用的最简单的规范群是GL(6，C)，具体探讨了这一方案的拉氏量的一种可能形式．然后，讨论了它与其他统一理论的关系，并导出各种相互作用的方程．     

A new method for imaging faint objects nearby a bright source

In astronomical observation, it is difficult to obtain the image of faint objects in the peripheral area around a bright celestial body. In order to solve the problem, a new method is designed and experimented, which is called the separation readout technique (SRT). SRT is different from either the traditional coronagraphy or the newly-developed anti-blooming CCD technique, and allows an enough-long exposure to the faint objects in the area around a bright celestial body with the well-preserved bright body’s image in one frame. This paper describes in detail the principle of SRT, the computer simulation, the experimental devising and result of SRT observation on a telescope.     

膜生物反应器中膜污染的数值模拟研究

在膜生物反应器L-R模型的基础上,修正了原模型的水力停留时间和污泥停留时间不分的问题,提出了新的数学模型,并研究了水力停留时间(HRT)和污泥停留时间(SRT)对膜污染和膜阻力的影响.结论为:胞外聚合物EPS水解产生的BAP随着SRT增长是导致膜污染的主要原因,且相对于HRT,膜污染对SRT更敏感.     

串并联管路条件下的油水两相流动综合模型

油水两相混合流动是油田开发过程中常见的流动形式。然而,目前的研究主要局限于单一恒径管道内,缺乏对并联或串联管路等复杂管路内流体流动的研究。本文基于管路串并联理论、流型转变准则、双流体模型和均相流模型,建立了复杂管路油水两相流动的综合模型,结合实例对该模型进行了验证,与数值模拟结果进行了比较。研究结果表明,该模型对油水两相在复杂管路中的分流情况和压降均表现出了良好的预测性,在两相体积含水率分别为0%~100%条件下,模型预测的绝对平均百分误差最高为14.4%,总体平均误差为9.8%。     

土体热力学模型的改进及三轴试验有限元分析

基于土体本构模拟的热力学方法,分析了Collins土体热力学本构模型,针对其硬化定律的不足,引入统一硬化参量进行改进,将其扩展为能反映砂土和黏土变形特性的统一热力学模型.运用建立三维临界状态模型的方法将改进模型三维化,并针对常规三轴实验试样的轴对称变形特点,编制了改进前、后的土体热力学模型的有限元程序.对上海粉细砂常规三轴实验的有限元模拟分析表明模拟与试验变形一致,初步验证了模型的合理性和有效性.     

SRT对附着型蠕虫床处理效果影响的研究

连续运行附着型蠕虫床,探究SRT(污泥停留时间)对蠕虫床整体处理效果的影响作用,同时对附着型蠕虫床污泥减量作用的效果和机理进行了初步探讨.试验结果表明,短时间的SRT更有利于蠕虫的捕食活性和污泥减量效率,不同的SRT条件下,污泥减量效果可以相差3倍以上,SRT=1时,污泥减量效果可达17.76 g/d.在经过了生物捕食作用后,被释放出的有机物质和氨氮在反应器低溶解氧的条件下发生了反硝化作用.活性污泥在经过了蠕虫床的处理后,沉降性能在SRT=1有了明显改善,SVI减少了10%到20%,而在长时间的SRT条件下,SVI反而出现了上升现象.     

基于Java的统一消息解决方案

依据跨平台的Java语言所提供的面向对象特性，平台无关性，提出了一个基于Java的，使用Java电话应用程序接口（JTAPI）以及Java消息服务（JMS）构筑统一消息平台的设计方案，并通过代码实例验证了这种方案的可行性。