3－吗啉基－4－丁氧基－3－环丁烯二酮与胺的反应

３－吗啉基－４－丁氧基－３－环丁烯二酮１与胺反应时，因胺的性质和反应条件不同会出现多种情况．一般情况下，酯基被胺解，胺基进入邻位如３和４．１，３－丙二胺、间氨基酚与１作用，除了胺解还发生分子内和分子间的酰胺交换反应如６和７，后者胺基的位置也有变化．邻氨基酚和邻苯二胺与１的反应产物不是１，２－而是１，３－取代的方酰胺．     

3－（5－甲基异恶唑－3－基）－4－芳酰基－1．2．4－三唑啉－5－巯基乙酸的合成

以３－（５－甲基异恶唑－３－基）－４－芳酰基－１．２．４－三唑啉－５－硫酮为原料，合成了８个新的３－（５－甲基异恶唑－３－基）－４－芳酰基－１．２．４－三唑啉－５－巯基乙酸类化合物，该化合物经ＩＲ，￣１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ和ＭＳ裂解碎片分析确定其结构。     

铕与4—烷基酰代吡唑啉酮配合物的合成,表征与荧光性能

合成了一系列铕与含有不同４－酰代基的１－苯基－３甲基－吡唑啉酮－５的三元梧全物Ｅｕ（Ｌ）３．２Ｈ２Ｏ「Ｌ＝１－苯基－３－甲基－４－乙酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＡＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－丙酰基吡唑啉酮－５－（ＨＰＭＰＰ），１－苯基－３－甲在－４－异丁酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＩＢＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－特戊酰基吡唑啉酮－５ＨＰＭＰＶＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＢ     

1－（N－哌啶甲基）－3－苯基－4－芳酰基－1，2，4－三唑啉－5－硫酮的合成

通过１－苯甲酰基－４－芳酰基氨基硫脲在碱性条件下环化脱水成为３－苯基－４－芳酰基－１，２，４－三唑啉－５－硫酮Ⅰ１～９．Ⅰ１～９与３７％甲醛溶液和六氢吡啶在二氧六环溶液中发生Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应合成了９种新的１－（Ｎ－哌啶甲基）－３－苯基－４－芳酰基－１，２，３－三唑啉－５－硫硐Ⅱ１～９．所得１８种新化合物的结构经ＩＲ，１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ和ＭＳ鉴定．     

铕与4－烷基酰代吡唑啉酮配合物的合成、表征与荧光性能

合成了一系列铕与含不同４－酰代基的１－苯基－３－甲基－吡唑啉酮－５的三元配合物Ｅｕ（Ｌ）３２Ｈ２Ｏ［Ｌ＝１－苯基－３－甲基－４－乙酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＡＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－丙酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＰＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－异丁酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＩＢＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－特戊酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＰＶＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＢＰ）］。用元素分析、红外光谱、紫外－可见光谱、差热－热重谱，Ｘ－射线衍射对其组成和光谱性质进行了表征，同时测定了这些配合物的荧光性能，表明不同的４－酰代基对其荧光性能有较大的影响     

（1R，3R）－（－）－1－甲氧基－5，6－亚甲二氧基－3－（3，4，5－三甲氧苯基）－异苯并二氢呋喃的选择性合成

在ＬｉＡｌＨ４及光学活性物质（５Ｒ）－孟氧基－２（５Ｈ）－呋喃酮（５）存在下，将６－（３′，４′，５′－三甲氧基羟卞基）－胡椒醛二甲缩醛（４）的甲苯溶液加热回流８小时，可得旋光性的（１Ｒ，３Ｒ）－（－）－１－甲氧基－５，６－亚甲二氧基－３－（３，４，５－三甲氧苯基）－异苯并二氢呋喃晶体（１），产率６１．８％．     

1－（1－H－苯并三唑－1－乙酰基）－4－苯甲酰基氨基硫脲及其噻二唑和三唑啉衍生物的合成

于固液相转移条件下，以ＰＥＧ－６００为相转移催化剂，通过苯并三唑与氯乙酸乙酯反应，合成了１－Ｈ－苯并三唑－１－乙酸乙酯（Ⅱ）．Ⅱ与８５％的水合肼反应，制得相应的酰肼（Ⅲ）．Ⅲ与苯甲酰基异硫氰酸酯反应，则得１－（１－Ｈ－苯并三唑－１－乙酰基）－４－苯甲酰基氨基硫脲（Ⅳ）．Ⅳ在酸或碱存在下环化，分别得到１，３，４－噻二唑（Ⅴ）和１，２，４－三唑啉－５－硫酮。     

光致变色剂5－甲基螺噁嗪的改良合成

报道了先致变色剂５－甲基螺嗪的改良合成，关键中间体２，３，３，５－四甲基－３Ｈ－吲哚由相应芳胺经Ｍｏｈｌａｕ－Ｂｉｓｈｌｅｒ反应制备。所需原料３－溴－３－甲基－２－丁酮由相应酮在四氯化碳中，无催化剂条件下与溴反应制得。改进了由５－甲基费歇尔碱和１－亚硝基－２－萘酚制备目标分子的操作方法，对有关反应机理进行了探讨并研制出光致变色油墨。     

4－苯基－2－丁酮与芳香醛和芳香胺的Mannich反应

在催化量浓盐酸作用下，４－苯基－２－丁酮与芳香醛和芳香胺直接发生Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应，生成５－苯基－１－芳基－１－芳胺基－３－戊酮．产率７５％～９２％．共得到１５个新化合物．它们的结构都经元素分析、ＩＲ和ＭＳ证实．     

3－乙酰基酚酮与TMB等芳醛缩合反应的研究

本文探讨了３－乙酰基酚酮与ＴＭＢ等芳香醛的羟醛缩合反应．３－乙酰基酚酮与ＴＭＢ、丁香醛、胡椒醛等取代醛反应分别生成３－［３，４，５－三甲氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮、３－［４－羟基－３，５－二甲氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮、３－［３，４－亚甲二氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮，与桂皮醛反应生成３－［５－苯基－２，４－戊二烯酰基］酚酮等四种新化合物．其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱及元素分析得以证实     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-