Coat protein promoter from cotton leaf curl virus is not a tissue-specifically expressed promoter

Geminivirus is a kind of single-stranded DNA virus. Experimental results from tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) showed that expression pattern of coat protein gene (cp) promoter was phloem specifically expressed. In this note, the studies oncp promoter of cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) which is found and identified recently suggest that the promoter is not phloem specifically expressed. The expressing activity ofgus gene driven by the promoter exists not only in phloem but also in mesophyll tissues and root tip meristem. Transient expression suggests thatcp promoter transactivated by AC2 shows expressing activity in mesophyll and vascular tissue of leaf vein.     

Identification of a bi-directional promoter from Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus

A bi-directional promoter of Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV) was obtained with the total DNA from TYLCCNV isolate Y10 infected tobacco leaves as a template. Plant expression vectors were constructed by fusing the amplified DNA fragment with the gus gene and nopaline terminator in different orientations. The vectors containing promoter fragments were transferred into leaf cells and plant stems of Nicotiana benthamiana by Agrobacterium-mediated method. Transient expression results showed that both the complementary and virion-sense promoters could drive the gus gene to express, and the GUS activity of the complementary-sense promoter was stronger than that of the virion-sense. Co-expression of the vector containing βC1 gene of TYLCCNV DNAβ with the vector containing a bi-directional promoter revealed that the βC1 protein has no impact on expression of either the virion- or the complementary-sense promoter.     

There is the second virus that causes tobacco leaf curl disease (not TbLCV-CHI) in the field

Sequence analysis of virus isolation DNA of tobacco leaf curl disease shows that there is the second geminivirus (not Chinese Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus, TbLCV-CHI) that causes tobacco leaf curl disease in the field in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. This virus DNA-A contains 2 734 nt. Large intergenic region (LIR) contains 269 nt, the virus sense strand contains 2 open reading frames (ORFs): AV1 (115 aa) and AV2 (coat protein gene, CP, 256 aa), and the complementary sense strand contains 4 ORFs: AC1 (replicase gene, 361 aa), AC2 (transactivator, 134 aa), AC3 (134 aa) and AC4 (97 aa). The virus belongs to one kind of subgroup III geminiviruses from old world, and could be the Chinese tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV-CHI).     

Activity of the truncated promoter of pollen-specific G9 gene of cotton and the transgenic recessive nuclei-sterile tobacco

A 557 bp fragment from the translation initiation site of the G9 gene expressed in maturing pollens of cotton was isolated from genomic DNA of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cv. “Zhongkang 17”, and two expression vectors for plant transformation were constructed via fusing this fragment with β-glucuronidase gene (Gus) and cytotoxin gene Barnase. The promoter activity of this fragment was demonstrated via transient expression of Gus gene in cotton and by the integrated expression of Barnase gene in tobacco. This promoter can initiate the expression of exogenous gene specifically and efficiently in plant pollen. The transgenic tobacco plant containing G9-Barnase fusion gene showed the characteristics of recessive nuclei-sterility.     

Analysis of the Cotton E6 Promoter

An E6 gene from sea island cotton （Gossypium barbadense） was expressed specifically in cotton fiber cells to transfer functions to cultivated species for better transgenic engineering. The regulatory activity of the E6 promoter region was then studied by isolating a 614-bp fragment of the 5＇-flanking region from upland cotton （Gossypium hirsutum CR1-12） to produce a green fluorescent protein （GFP） reporter construct for analysis of tissue-specific expression in transgenic tobacco seedlings. Fluorescent analyses indicate that the relatively short E6 promoter is sufficient to direct green fluorescent protein expression specifically in the leaf trichomes （hair cells） of the transgenic tobacco plants. As cotton fibers are also unicellular trichomes that differentiate from epidermal cells of developing cotton ovules, the result suggests that the relatively short E6 promoter can serve as a fiber-specific expression promoter for genetic engineering to improve cotton fiber quality.     

Expression of the intact C<Subscript>4</Subscript> type<Emphasis Type="Italic">pepc</Emphasis> gene cloned from maize in transgenic winter wheat

Maize intact C4-pepc gene was amplified through LA-PCR and successfully sub-cloned into modified vector pGreen0029 to form a stable expression construct named as pBAC214 (12 kb), which contains CaMV 35S promoter driven bar gene as selection marker. Comparing the cloned DNA sequences (6.7 kb) with published maize C4-pepc gene (GenBank accession E17154) sequences, the identity of DNA sequence alignment is 98.96%. There are only 49 differences between these two intact DNA sequences, of which 13 occur in the region of promoter, 18 in introns, and 18 in exons. The homology of mRNA sequence alignment is 99.38%, and the putative amino acids sequence identity is 99.38%. There are only 15 differences between these two mRNA, and these differences bring 4 sites mutant on the putative amino acids of PEPC protein. Through biolistic bombardment of PDS1000/He system, expression vector pBAC214 has been transformed into winter wheat. Southern blotting results show that the intact C4-pepc gene has been integrated into genome of winter wheat. SDS-PAGE analysis of leaf soluble protein in transgenic wheat showed that the intact C4opepc gene was well transcribed, spliced and translated as in maize. The enzyme activity of leaf PEPC in transgenic wheat has been detected. The activities of leaf PEPC increased over 3-5 times in some transgenic plants. The data of photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate of transgenic wheat flag leaves showed that the C4-pepc gene can increase the photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate of transgenic wheat.     

Expression analysis ofgdcsP promoter from C3-C4 intermediate plantFlaveria anomala in transgenic rice

ThegdcsP promoter isolated from C₃-C₄ intermediate plantFlaveria anomala was fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene. The chimeric gene was inserted into the binary vector pBin19 and introduced into the rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. 8706 byAgrobacteriummediated gene transfer. GUS activity can be detected in leaf, leaf sheath, stem and root tissues via fluorometric GUS assay. However, no GUS activity was found in mature endosperm. Histochemical localization revealed that GUS expression was exclusively restricted to vascular tissues in transgenic plants. This promoter also showed spatial-temporal expression patterns that GUS expression declined significantly with the maturity of plants. These expression patterns make thegdcsP promoter extremely valuable in the applied biotechnology that needs target gene expression restricted to vascular tissues.     

番茄红素β-环化酶基因（LcyB）启动子调控LcyB RNAi双元载体构建

根据番茄基因组DNA序列信息设计引物进行PCR扩增了Micro-Tom中番茄红素-环化酶（Lycopene -cyclase, LcyB）基因起始密码子上游1 534 bp启动子区域序列（LcyBp）,生物信息学分析表明,该启动子序列中存在TATA-盒、CAAT-盒、昼夜节律响应元件Circadian、光响应元件Box I、真菌激发子响应元件Box-W1、低温响应元件LTR、响应赤霉素的作用元件P-box、乙烯响应元件ERE、响应生长素的作用元件TGA-element等顺式作用元件. 依据番茄LcyB基因序列,设计2对含有不同酶切位点的特异引物进行PCR扩增LcyB基因3端特异的276 bp DNA片段,利用RNAi载体pKANNIBAL构建了LcyB启动子-LcyB基因正义片段（Sense）-PDK内含子-LcyB基因反义片段（Antisense）-OCS终止子的RNAi表达框,并将这一RNAi表达框插入植物双元表达载体pART27的Not I位点,构建成本研究的LcyB启动子驱动的LcyB基因RNAi植物双元表达载体pART-LcyBp-RNAi-LcyB. 为利用RNAi技术特异性敲除LcyB基因进而提高番茄果实中番茄红素含量奠定实验基础.     

苦瓜McAG2启动子的克隆与表达研究

文中从苦瓜基因组中克隆得到长为1417 bp的McAG2基因5′上游片段并进行了DNA序列分析.通过PCR得到了其缺失片段,将其插入pBI121载体替换CaMV35S启动子,得到了McAG2基因5′侧翼缺失表达载体.并利用农杆菌介导转化烟草,建立了相应的转基因烟草植株,以研究其在不同器官组织中的表达特性. β-glucuronidase(GUS)染色结果显示该启动子在转基因烟草叶片和根组织中没有表达活性.     

SCFP,a novel fiber-specific promoter in cotton

To investigate the expression pattern of GhSCFP which was isolated from cotton fiber cDNA library, a 1006 bp upstream fragment of the gene was cloned by chromosome walking and fused to GUSand GFP respectively. Histochemical GUS and GFP fluorescence analysis revealed that the expression of the report genes driven by the promoter sequence was detectable only in outer layer cells during the seed development in the transgentic tobaccos. In transgenic cotton, strong GUS activity was observed in spherical protrusions on 0 dpa （days post anthesis） ovule surface, and in the 2-36 dpa fiber cells, while no GUS signals were detected in the root, leaves, stem, corolla, anther and stigma. Our data demonstrated that GhSCFP upstream sequence is a cotton fiber-specific promoter and this promoter will be useful in the molecular research on fiber cell development and in cotton fiber improvements by genetic modification.     

一种带有表型标记基因的诱导型抗旱植物表达载体的构建

为了克服组成型表达转录因子基因影响转基因植物性状的缺点,并构建一种具有级联放大作用并带有表型标记的诱导型植物双价表达载体。研究采用PCR方法从拟南芥克隆获得冷诱导转录因子CBF3基因,蜡质合成相关WIN1基因,干旱诱导RD29A基因启动子和冷诱导的LEA14基因启动子,并用CBF3转录因子所调控的下游RD29A基因启动子和LEA14基因启动子分别驱动CBF3基因和W1N1基因表达,构建了双价植物表达载体RD29AP-CBF3／LEA14P—WIN1／pcAMBIA2201。我们预测在转基因植物中,该表达系统可在干旱等逆境信号存在条件下,通过级联放大的方式诱导表达,在增加植物抗逆性的同时,增加叶片表层蜡质的积累,从而易于表型识别。本研究为利用花粉管通道法转化棉花,提高抗逆转基因棉花田间筛选的效率奠定了基础。     

人白介素-3乳腺表达载体的构建

人白介素-3是一种造血系统和免疫系统调节剂,在治疗造血系统疾病、肿瘤、先天或获得性免疫功能缺陷等方面发挥着重要作用.应用牛乳腺生物反应器生产人白介素-3的研究具有重要的临床应用和经济价值.研究选用具有红色荧光蛋白报告基因(R ed2)和新霉素抗性基因(neor)表达框架的pD sR ed2-1质粒为骨架构建人白介素-3乳腺表达载体.通过PCR方法分别扩增牛β-酪蛋白基因5′端上游调控序列、人IL-3基因以及CM V启动子序列,将它们按先后顺序分别定向克隆于质粒pD sR ed2-1的多克隆位点内,使牛β-酪蛋白基因调控序列位于人IL-3基因的上游,指导人IL-3基因在乳腺组织中特异性表达,而CM V启动子位于红荧光蛋白基因的上游,指导红荧光蛋白基因在所有的组织中非特异性表达.限制性酶切片段分析及部分DNA序列鉴定结果表明,所构建载体结构正确.     

花生白藜芦醇合酶基因转化单子叶植物表达载体的构建

构建了花生白藜芦醇合酶基因(RS)转化单子叶植物的表达载体,该表达载体含有ubi 启动子和内含子,能启动该基因在单子叶植物中高效地表达.通过PCR反应扩增出目的片段,连接到克隆载体Pubi35s上,切下含ubi和RS约3 000 bp的片段连接到植物表达载体pCAMBIA-1 380上.经PCR和酶切检测,结果与预期相同,经测序确定插入片段读码框正确.该表达载体可用于单子叶植物高效的表达.     

拟南芥VHA-c3基因的特异性表达和调节

利用RT-PCR技术检测VHA-c基因在拟南芥中的表达,结果表明VHA-c3基因在拟南芥的果荚、花、叶、茎和根中都有表达,但是,在叶中的表达量远远高于其它的组织.以GUS基因作为报告基因构建了不同长度的VHA-c3基因启动子缺失突变体,利用农杆菌介导的瞬时表达系统检测GUS基因的表达,研究发现在VHA-c3基因起始密码子上游2812-2 234 bp之间的区域內存在着控制VHA-c3基因高表达的转录调控元件.     

Effect of HS2 and HS3 elements on erythroid-specific expression in transgenic mice

The expression plasmids CMV/GFP, HS2ALL, HS3ALL and HS23ALL were selected to investigate the effect of HS2 and HS3 element on erythroid-specific expression in transgenic mice. These plasmids were digested with restriction enzymes and purified. And five DNA fragments, CMV/GFP, HS2/GFP, CMV/HS2/GFP, HS23/GFP and HS3/GFP were obtained. After purification, the above DNA fragments were microinjected into the pre-nuclei of the mice fertilized eggs and transgenic mice were generated, with an integration rate of 10.89%. The green fluorescence protein(GFP) expression in many transgenic mouse tissues was determined by FACS analysis. The results showed that the HS2 and 1.7 kb of β-globin gene promoter were sufficient for the erythroid-specific expression of β-globin gene. The GFP expression of different recombinant constructs was also analyzed in blood of all the transgenic mice with FACS. The results indicated that HS2 and HS3 had the same enhancement activity on the regulation of β-globin gene expression. Moreover, these two elements showed a significant synergistic effect on gene expression at the transgenic mouse level, although the GFP expression varied largely among different transgenic mouse litters.     

利用番茄U3snRNA基因上游启动区构建植物表达载体及对烟草的转化

利用番茄U3snRNA基因上游启动区和ACC合成酶反义RNA-核酶嵌合基因DNA片段,构建含U3snRNA基因上游启动区-ACC合成酶的反义RNA-核酶嵌合序列的表达载体,重组于植物双元表达载体pGA643中,得到pGU3R.用三亲融合法导入农杆菌LBA4404中,采用叶盘法转化烟草,诱导再生小植株,获得了卡那霉素的抗性植株.提取抗性植株总DNA,通过PCR、PCRSouthern杂交检测并分别用启动区序列和ACC合成酶的反义RNA-核酶嵌合序列作探针,通过Southern杂交检测,已筛选出整合有外源基因的转化植株.为进一步研究U3snRNA上游启动区增强反义RNA-核酶基因的表达奠定了基础.     

Kas基因启动子区的克隆及功能初步分析

利用TAIL-PCR技术,克隆到了与辣椒素合成有关的胎座特异表达基因——3-酮酯酰．ACP合成酶基因（Kas）上游400bp的调控区域．将其全长片段与GUS基因连接构建植物表达载体并转化烟草．GUS组织化学染色表明,克隆到的440bp片段具有启动子活性．对该片段进行序列分析发现,在起始密码子ATG上游存在2个TATA-box,分别为-316～-311位的TATAAA和-224～-219位的TATAAA;在TATA-box上游还存在1个位于-378～-374处的CAAT-box,序列为CCAAT．该研究旨在为利用基因调控辣椒素的生物合成,提高辣椒果实中的辣椒素含量奠定基础．     

丝状真菌米曲霉外源基因表达系统的构建

以米曲霉Aspergillus oryzae RIB40的基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增得到启动子、终止子、筛选标记基因等表达元件,依次连接到载体pUC119上,构建了米曲霉的重组表达载体pNMA. 将米赫根毛霉脂肪酶基因(RML)连接于pNMA的启动子下,得到表达载体pNMA-RML,通过ApaI酶切线性化转化米曲霉宿主菌A.oryzae niaD300,得到整合型的阳性转化子A.oryzae ONL1. 其培养7天的培养液上清在以三丁酸甘油酯为底物的平板上形成清晰的水解透明圈,碱滴定法酶活测定表明培养液酶活可达2.5 U/mL,培养液上清的SDS-PAGE图谱在32.5 kDa处有RML的特征条带. 以上结果表明RML已经在米曲霉中成功表达,同时证明所构建的米曲霉外源基因表达系统是有效的.     

Influence of DNA methylation on transgene expression

DNA methylation plays an important role in gene expression in eukaryote. But DNA methylation of transgene usually leads to target gene silencing in plant genetic engineering. In this research, reporter gene b-glu- curonidase (GUS) gene ( uidA ) was introduced into tobaccos via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, and the foreign uidA gene became inactive in some transgenic tobaccos. No mRNA of uidA was detected in these plants by Northern blotting analysis, and DNA methylation of promoter region was found. The results indicated that gene silencing might be caused by DNA methylation of promoter.