转基因tritordeum的遗传分析

从一批使用无启动子“uidA转化策略转化的tritordeum中,分离出标定有花药组织特异性启动子的单株并考察其外源基因的遗传稳定性,为即将开展的启动子分离工作奠定基础;对转基因材料不同生长时期的不同组织进行Gus组织化学检测,分析Gus表达的特异性,应用RT-PCR从转录水平进一步确证启动子的特异性;所筛选出的植株中,Gus的表达特异性和To代的表现完全一样,只有花药原基和花粉粒,整合位点在各代之间传递的频率较低,明显不符合显性：隐性（3：1）规律,但Gus的表达特异性在各代之间传递时有着极强的稳定性;成功地分离出了被标定有花药组织特异性启动子的tritordeum,对其遗传特性作了进一步的分析．     

Analysis of the Cotton E6 Promoter

An E6 gene from sea island cotton （Gossypium barbadense） was expressed specifically in cotton fiber cells to transfer functions to cultivated species for better transgenic engineering. The regulatory activity of the E6 promoter region was then studied by isolating a 614-bp fragment of the 5＇-flanking region from upland cotton （Gossypium hirsutum CR1-12） to produce a green fluorescent protein （GFP） reporter construct for analysis of tissue-specific expression in transgenic tobacco seedlings. Fluorescent analyses indicate that the relatively short E6 promoter is sufficient to direct green fluorescent protein expression specifically in the leaf trichomes （hair cells） of the transgenic tobacco plants. As cotton fibers are also unicellular trichomes that differentiate from epidermal cells of developing cotton ovules, the result suggests that the relatively short E6 promoter can serve as a fiber-specific expression promoter for genetic engineering to improve cotton fiber quality.     

Regulatory effect of cotton leaf curl virus AC2 on virion sense promoter

The AC2 gene of cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) was obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . The total DNA of the CLCuV infected tomato leaves was used as template, and the amplified DNA fragment was inserted into a cloning vector. Transient expression vectors were constructed by inserting the AC2 gene into downstream region of CaMV 35S promoter. These constructs were delivered into tobacco and cotton leaf cells for transient expression by particle bombardment. The results indicated that the virion sense promoter was activated by AC2 and its activity increased remarkably. However, the activity of transactivated virion sense promoter was still lower than that of the complementary sense promoter. The expression pattern of transactivated virion sense promoter was similar to that of the complementary sense promoter, namely with high activity in both mesophyll and vascular tissues. The possibility of application of AC2 in plant genetic manipulation was also explored.     

Obtaining transgenic rice resistant to rice fungal blast disease by controlled cell death strategy

The strategy of the two-component system,composed of Barnase and Barstar which encode RNase and a specific inhibitor to the RNase respectively, is adopted to obtain transgenic rice resistant to rice fungal blast disease. In this study, two chimeric promoters, induced by rice blast fungus pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea), are fused with Barnase respectively to construct two plant expression vectors, pWBNBS and pPBNBS together with the Barstar driven by CaMV 35S promoter. The resistance of the transgenic rice lines to rice blast fungus disease and rice blight disease are evaluated. The results show that (1) the expression of Barnase is induced in rice leaves when inoculated with the spores of Magnaporthe grisea; (2) the induced expression level of Barnase surpasses the level of Barstar, which elicits a similar hypersensitive response (HR) in the leaves, and the transgenic plant shows high resistance to the rice fungal blast disease; and (3) transgenic rice plants also show obvious resistance to rice bacterial blight disease. Taken together, these results suggest that the transgenic rice plants harboring this two-component system acquire relatively broad spectrum resistance against pathogens, especially high resistance to rice fungal pathogen.     

Cre-lox重组系统介导转基因烟草中外源基因删除的研究

对Cre在转基因个体中介导的重组效率进行了研究。构建了含有Cre 基因(p35S-Cre)和 GUS 基因侧翼含同向loxP 位点的(loxP-p35S-GUS-loxP)两种植物表达载体。以共转化的技术将两种基因元件同时转化烟草得到转基因植株,根据对共转化植株GUS 基因的活性分析、分子检测、PCR检测及对重组后扩增DNA片段进行序列分析表明：Cre-loxP 重组系统在转基因烟草中能精确高效地介导转基因的删除,但也存在部分植株不能完全删除的现象。     

GCC box in<Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis PDF1.2</Emphasis> promoter is an essential and sufficient cis-acting element in response to MeJA treatment

The expression of Arabidopsis PDF1.2 gene isregulated by jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET). It also has been well documented that GCC box is an element responsive to ET, however, the responsive mechanism of JA in such plant defense gene expression is unclear. In this paper, the authors define the essential cis-acting element in PDF1.2 promoter responsive to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) through fragment deletions and site-directed mutageneses combiningAgrobacterium-mediated transient reporter gene expression in tobacco leaves. Firstly, the MeJA inducible expression o fPDF1.2 was confirmed by using the upstream -1.86 kb fragment of PDFI.2 gene. Secondly, the upstream -300— -243 bp fragment of the promoter was evidenced to respond to MeJA. To further characterize this promoter region, three point mutations were introduced into the -300— -243 bp fragment of the promoter. This result showed that the mutation of GCC box abolished MeJA induction, whereas the mutations of the G box-like and the imperfect palindrome sequence did not significantly decrease MeJA inducible effect, indicating that GCC box in PDFI.2 is essential for MeJA induction. The sufficient responsiveness to MeJA of this GCC box was further investigated by 4xGCC fused upstream to the CaMV 35S minimal promoter. This result suggested that the fused promoter was able to activate reporter gene expression in response to MeJA. Thus these results indicate that the GCC box in PDFI.2 is an essential and sufficient element to confer MeJA induction.     

水稻16kDa醇溶蛋白启动子克隆及载体构建

水稻种子16 kDa醇溶蛋白是水稻种子成熟过程中,由16 kDa基因编码,16 kDa醇溶蛋白启动子调控,在胚乳中特异表达的蛋白质.以水稻基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增技术得到16 kDa启动子片段,序列分析结果表明:获得的启动子片段的大小为931 bp,与已报道的该启动子序列相比较,其核苷酸序列同源性为99.9%.该启动子区域含有TATA-box,CAAT-box,GCN4基序,Prolamin-box等胚乳特异表达启动子所必需的正调控元件.利用该启动子构建了植物种子特异表达载体pC16 kDP.     

Kas基因启动子区的克隆及功能初步分析

利用TAIL-PCR技术，克隆到了与辣椒素合成有关的胎座特异表达基因——3-酮酯酰．ACP合成酶基因（Kas）上游400bp的调控区域．将其全长片段与GUS基因连接构建植物表达载体并转化烟草．GUS组织化学染色表明，克隆到的440bp片段具有启动子活性．对该片段进行序列分析发现，在起始密码子ATG上游存在2个TATA-box，分别为-316～-311位的TATAAA和-224～-219位的TATAAA；在TATA-box上游还存在1个位于-378～-374处的CAAT-box，序列为CCAAT．该研究旨在为利用基因调控辣椒素的生物合成，提高辣椒果实中的辣椒素含量奠定基础．     

毛白杨4CL基因启动子的克隆及初步功能分析

4CL(4-coumarate:CoA ligase,4-香豆酸:辅酶A连接酶)在植物木质素合成途径中催化羟基香豆酸生成羟基肉桂酰CoA,主要在木质部中表达,对植物木质素生物合成具重要调控作用.为研究4CL基因启动子在转基因植物中的表达特性,探索其在植物基因工程研究中的潜在应用价值,利用PCR方法从毛白杨基因组DNA中扩增得到了4CL启动子片段.序列分析表明与美洲山杨(P.tremuloids)的4CL启动子同源性为95%.采用生物信息学方法对该序列进行分析.与GUS基因融合构建双元表达载体,转化烟草的瞬时表达检测可见明显GUS活性.     

SCFP,a novel fiber-specific promoter in cotton

To investigate the expression pattern of GhSCFP which was isolated from cotton fiber cDNA library, a 1006 bp upstream fragment of the gene was cloned by chromosome walking and fused to GUSand GFP respectively. Histochemical GUS and GFP fluorescence analysis revealed that the expression of the report genes driven by the promoter sequence was detectable only in outer layer cells during the seed development in the transgentic tobaccos. In transgenic cotton, strong GUS activity was observed in spherical protrusions on 0 dpa （days post anthesis） ovule surface, and in the 2-36 dpa fiber cells, while no GUS signals were detected in the root, leaves, stem, corolla, anther and stigma. Our data demonstrated that GhSCFP upstream sequence is a cotton fiber-specific promoter and this promoter will be useful in the molecular research on fiber cell development and in cotton fiber improvements by genetic modification.     

Obtaining High Pest-resistant Tobacco Plants Carrying B.t. insecticidal Gene

To increase the expression level of CryIA(c) gene in transgenic plants, a plant expression vector pBinMoBc carrying the CryIA(c) gene under control of chimeric OM promoter and Ω factor was constructed. As a control, pBinoBc carrying the CryIA(c) gene with the CaMV 35S promoter was also constructed. The vectors were transferred into tobacco plants respectively via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. ELISA assay showed that the expression level of the CryIA(c) gene in pBinMoBc transgenic tobacco plants was 2.44-times that in pBinoBc transgenic tobacco plants, and it could be up to 0.255% of total soluble proteins. Bioassay showed that pBinMoBc transgenic tobacco plants had more notable insecticidal effect than pBinoBc transgenic tobacco plants. The above results showed that the chimeric OM promoter was a stronger promoter than CaMV 35S promoter that was widely used in plant genetic engineering, and this is very useful in pest-resistant plant genetic engineering.     

杨树木质部特异性定位表达4CL1启动子的结构与表达特性

4-香豆素COA连接酶(4CL1)是木质素代谢途径中的一个关键酶,对该基因启动子的表达特性与调控元件进行了研究:首先,对毛白杨4CL1启动子进行了生物信息学分析,结果表明该启动子包括3个顺式作用元件,box P(CCTTCACCAACCCCC),box A(CCGTTC),box L(TCTCACCAACC),这3个顺式作用元件在已知的木质素代谢途径相关酶系如苯丙氨合成酶(PAI)和4CL中普遍存在;其次,运用PCR方法对该启动子进行了剪切,获得一个长393 bp的启动子片断,该启动子片断包括以上3个顺式作用元件;最后,将该启动子片段与GUS报告基因构建了植物表达载体并转化烟草,成功获得转基因再生苗,结果发现转基因烟草的茎木质部呈现GUS染色阳性.研究结果表明,一个393 bp长度的4CL1启动子片断足以介导外源基因在木质部特异性定位表达.     

Identification of a bi-directional promoter from Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus

A bi-directional promoter of Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV) was obtained with the total DNA from TYLCCNV isolate Y10 infected tobacco leaves as a template. Plant expression vectors were constructed by fusing the amplified DNA fragment with the gus gene and nopaline terminator in different orientations. The vectors containing promoter fragments were transferred into leaf cells and plant stems of Nicotiana benthamiana by Agrobacterium-mediated method. Transient expression results showed that both the complementary and virion-sense promoters could drive the gus gene to express, and the GUS activity of the complementary-sense promoter was stronger than that of the virion-sense. Co-expression of the vector containing βC1 gene of TYLCCNV DNAβ with the vector containing a bi-directional promoter revealed that the βC1 protein has no impact on expression of either the virion- or the complementary-sense promoter.     

花生白藜芦醇合酶基因转化单子叶植物表达载体的构建

构建了花生白藜芦醇合酶基因(RS)转化单子叶植物的表达载体,该表达载体含有ubi 启动子和内含子,能启动该基因在单子叶植物中高效地表达.通过PCR反应扩增出目的片段,连接到克隆载体Pubi35s上,切下含ubi和RS约3 000 bp的片段连接到植物表达载体pCAMBIA-1 380上.经PCR和酶切检测,结果与预期相同,经测序确定插入片段读码框正确.该表达载体可用于单子叶植物高效的表达.     

Enhanced late blight resistance of transgenic potato expressing glucose oxidase under the control of pathogen-inducible promoter

To engineer crop disease resistance by utilizing natural defense mechanism that was expressed in the incompatible host-pathogen interactions is expected to result in a durable and broad-spectrum resistance. In order to prove this viewpoint, we amplified the coding region of the glucose oxidase (GO) gene from Aspergillus niger via PCR and fused it to the pathogen-inducible promoter, Prp1-1. The chimeric gene was cloned into a plant expression vector and conjugated into Agrobacterium. Twenty-three transgenic potato plants were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The integration of GO gene was confirmed by Southern hybridization and the GO gene expression was identified with KI-starch color reaction. Phytophthora infestans inoculation revealed that the expression of the chimeric transgene was induced by pathogen infection. Most of the transgenic plants exhibited various degrees of enhanced disease resistance. Four of them had lesion sizes reduced to less than half of the non-transgenic controls. One plant showed disease resistance of the hypersensitive response. These results testified the feasibility of our strategy of expressing GO transgene under the control of the disease-inducible promoter in engineering crop disease resistance.     

棒状杆菌表达载体pJL23的构建

质粒ｐＧＡ４６－４带有从谷氨酸棒杆菌染色体上分离到的有启动功能的片段,用ＰＣＲ技术从ｐＧＡ４６－４中扩增了该片段的关键区域;启动子ＰＧＬ,将该启动子经ＥｃｏＲⅠ－ＢａｍＨ Ⅰ双酶切后,与大肠杆菌质粒ｐＪＬ０１的ＥｃｏＲⅠ－ＢａｍＨⅠ大片段连接,再接入Ｘｙｌ Ｅ ｇｅｎｅ和棒状杆菌质粒ｐＸＺ１０１４２,构建成棒状杆菌－大肠杆菌穿梭表达载体ｐＪＬ２３。用邻苯二酚双加氧酶基因检测表明,该表达载体可在棒状     

Effect of 5'-deletion of Arabi-dopsis profilin2 promoter on its vascular specific expression

Based on the published sequence of profilin2 promoter of Arabidopsis thaliana, a full-length promoter (1667 bp) was amplified by PCR. The 5' -end deletion fragments with length of 1380, 1153, 969 and 597 bp were then fused with gus (uidA.) gene respectively. Constructed plant expression vectors were individually transferred into Kalan-choe laciniata and transgenic plants regenerated. GUS his-tochemical assay confirmed that the full-length promoter Pfn1.7 was vascular-specific. Deletion assays showed that profilin2 promoter could be divided into three parts. Deletion of fragment 1 ( -1667--1380 bp) resulted in constitutive expression, suggesting that element(s) responsible for vascular-specific expression might exist in this region. Fragment 2 located at -1153 - -597 bp strongly inhibited gus gene expression. Fragment 3 ( -597 - -1 bp) is considered as a basic domain of profilin2.     

人雄激素芳香化酶基因内含子中启动子的研究

利用核酸外切酶Ⅲ（ＥｘｏⅢ）对人雄激素芳香化酶基因的２４００ｂｐ片段的５’端进行系列缺失，并通过转染实验，分析了２４００ｂｐ片段３’端区域的功能作用，在雄激素芳香化酶基因第２外显子的下游区检测到１个具有启动子作用的功能元件，通过序列分析，发现该元件位于雄激素芳香化酶基因的第２内含子中。该启动子同样受到位于雄激素芳香化酶基因第１内含子中沉默因子的抑制作用。该启动子能够启动不同基因的表达，并且具有较强     

一种带有表型标记基因的诱导型抗旱植物表达载体的构建

为了克服组成型表达转录因子基因影响转基因植物性状的缺点,并构建一种具有级联放大作用并带有表型标记的诱导型植物双价表达载体。研究采用PCR方法从拟南芥克隆获得冷诱导转录因子CBF3基因,蜡质合成相关WIN1基因,干旱诱导RD29A基因启动子和冷诱导的LEA14基因启动子,并用CBF3转录因子所调控的下游RD29A基因启动子和LEA14基因启动子分别驱动CBF3基因和W1N1基因表达,构建了双价植物表达载体RD29AP-CBF3／LEA14P—WIN1／pcAMBIA2201。我们预测在转基因植物中,该表达系统可在干旱等逆境信号存在条件下,通过级联放大的方式诱导表达,在增加植物抗逆性的同时,增加叶片表层蜡质的积累,从而易于表型识别。本研究为利用花粉管通道法转化棉花,提高抗逆转基因棉花田间筛选的效率奠定了基础。