白竹炭粘胶纤维/棉混纺纱线的染色技术研究

通过正交试验设计实验方案研究了白竹炭粘胶纤维/棉(70/30)混纺纱线的染色工艺,确定了不同染料染白竹炭粘胶纤维/棉混纺纱线的最佳染色工艺条件.采用最佳工艺染色后的白竹炭粘胶纤维/棉混纺纱线色泽鲜艳,色牢度优良.     

Equilibrium and Kinetic Study of Sericin Protein Absorption onto Anion-Exchangable Fibers

Silk is made of sericin and fibroin proteins.The sericin constitutes 20%-30% of silk proteins and it covers the fibroin.Sericin is usually treated as impurity and removed during the process of degumming in dyeing and printing factories.However,sericin is a useful natural protein.In this paper,viscose anion-exchange fibers have been used to absorb sericin from waste water.The amount of adsorbed sericin into the viscose anion-exchange fibers at different temperatures and times has been studied.The study show ...     

毛竹及其组成单元的水分吸着特性

通过测量不同相对湿度下毛竹竹块、竹粉、竹纤维、薄壁细胞的吸湿平衡含水率,建立了相应的水分吸着等温线,并探讨了它们水分吸着特性的差异及原因。结果表明:毛竹竹块、竹粉、竹纤维、薄壁细胞的水分吸着等温线与木材类似,均呈反"S"形;竹粉的水分吸着等温线整体高于竹块,但两者的纤维饱和点含水率相差很小,约为0.37%;化学离析得到的毛竹薄壁组织细胞的纤维饱和点含水率为44.24%,显著大于竹纤维的纤维饱和点含水率(34.07%);毛竹薄壁细胞及竹纤维的纤维饱和点含水率均显著大于竹块和竹粉,原因是化学离析使竹材细胞壁壁内产生较多的微毛细管系统,有利于水分子的多分子层吸附和凝结水的产生。     

直接湖蓝6B对甲壳素／纤维素共混纤维抑菌性能影响

本文研究了甲壳素/粘胶共混纤维结构与抗菌性能的关系,初步探索了精练、染色过程对共混纤维抑菌性能的影响。     

锦纶纤维活性染料染色条件探讨

采用毛用和棉用活性染料对锦纶纤维染色,详细讨论了染色温度、染浴pH值、染色和皂洗方法对染色深度和固色率的影响,分析了不同类型的活性染料对染色条件的敏感性。活性染料对锦纶纤维的染色深度、固着率和固着效率受温度、pH值、染料母体结构和活性基的影响很大。毛用活性染料更适合于锦纶纤维的染色,普通乙烯砜硫酸酯及乙烯砜硫酸酯/一氯均三嗪染料可有选择性地加以使用,毛用活性染料合适的染色pH值约为4,其它染料适用的pH值因品种而异.采用酸性染色或先酸性后碱性的染色条件均可,后者的优点是固着效率高,但染色深度未见提高,染色后采用碱性条件皂洗有利于染色深度的提高.     

Adsorption Mechanism of Disperse Dye on Elastic Polyurethane Fibre

In this paper, the adsorption isotherms of two disperse dyes, C.I. Disperse Red 60 and C.I. Disperse orange 76, on two kinds of PU fibers at 90℃ were measured respectively. It was found that these adsorption isotherms followed a dual model, Nernst and Langmuir. Based on the parameters obtained in studying, the relationship between the chemical structure of dyes and their adsorption behaviors was arialyzed. Through the measurement of washing fastness of dyed sample with two dye concentrations, 1% （o.w. f） and 3% （o. w. f）, it was found that the pale shade dyeing possessed better wet-fastness than the dark. This phenomenon confirmed further that the disperse dyes were sorbed on the PU fiber by langmuir sorption and the partition mechanism.     

四乙烯五胺交联染料在羊毛上的吸附及染色性能研究

吸附动力学和吸附热力学可以指导染色理论和染色工艺的建立.考察了pH、温度和时间对四乙烯五胺交联染料在羊毛纤维上吸附性能的影响,研究了四乙烯五胺交联染料的吸附动力学和吸附平衡模型.研究显示四乙烯五胺交联染料的染色pH在羊毛的等电点以上,染料吸附过程遵循准二级动力学方程,并且活化能为130.3kJ/mol,以化学吸附为主.染色温度的提高可以加快染色速率但降低了染料的平衡吸附量,吸附平衡为Langmuir型,吸附的各项热力学参数均为负值,说明吸附过程是自发放热的过程.另外,测定了染料的交联反应性能和各项色牢度,结果表明四乙烯五胺交联染料在羊毛纤维上可得到近100%的交联反应率和优良的色牢度.     

活性染料与反应性染色

结合作者的工作,系统地综 活性染料,活性纤维和交联染色的工作。阐明了三种染色法都有一个共同特点,即以染料－纤维或染料－交联剂一纤维共价键结合,因此染色纤维有着卓越的湿处理牢度。今后不公需要改善活性染料染色中存在的问题,而且要加强活性染色和交联染色,甚至三者交叉的研究,以达到对纤维尽善尽美的要求。     

蒙脱土改性PET纤维性能

采用熔融插层法制备聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）/蒙脱土（MMT）纳米复合材料,对其纤维的结晶性能、力学性能及染色性能进行详细研究.结果表明,与纯PET纤维相比,蒙脱土改性PET纤维具有较高的模量和较低的收缩率,改性纤维的上染率亦有明显提高.含磺酸基团改性的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（CDP）/MMT纤维的上染率和上染速率大于PET/MMT纤维,表明蒙脱土和聚合物中的离子基团对促进PET纤维的染色性能有协同作用.     

萘系偶氮型通用染料结构与染色性能之间关系

从超分子化学角度研究了双萘环和单萘环通用染料在染色过程中的构效关系.对腈纶纤维染色时,由于双萘环染料分子对相邻阴离子染席的空间屏蔽作用,其上染率下降.对涤纶纤维染色时,染料分子自身的空间结构对上染率的影响不明显.对棉纤维染色时,由于双萘环染料分子对纤维的直接性好、磺酸基在分子中所占的比例低,其上染率提高.对羊毛和丝绸染...     

丙烯酸改性黏胶纤维及其吸水性研究

为提高黏胶纤维的吸水性,以硝酸铈铵(CAN)硝酸溶液为引发剂、丙烯酸(AA)为亲水单体、去离子水为溶剂,采用自由基聚合法进行黏胶纤维的接枝共聚反应。利用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等对接枝黏胶纤维的结构进行研究,同时探讨了接枝共聚反应条件对改性黏胶纤维接枝率和吸水性能的影响。结果表明,黏胶纤维表面成功接枝上聚丙烯酸,且当硝酸铈铵、硝酸、丙烯酸的质量分数分别为10%、1.0%、2.0%,反应温度为60℃时,改性黏胶纤维的接枝率和吸水倍率达到最大值。     

竹炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附平衡和动力学研究

研究了室温下竹炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附平衡和动力学,考察了亚甲基蓝初始浓度和吸附剂用量的影响。由Langmuir吸附等温模型、Freundlich吸附等温模型对吸附平衡数据进行拟合;动力学由准一级反应方程和准二级反应方程进行拟合。研究结果表明:Freundlich吸附等温线模型(R2=0.99)更为精确地描述了亚甲基蓝在竹炭上的吸附;吸附动力学由二级动力学模型拟合更为准确。对动力学数据进行了计算和讨论。     

氧化处理ACF对VOC的吸附及其等温线的拟合

空气中挥发性有机化合物 (VOC)严重危害人体的身体健康 ,因而研究 VOC的去除具有重要意义。用重量法研究了不同比表面积的活性炭纤维 (ACF)氧化处理后对低体积分数 VOC(非极性苯和极性丁酮 )的吸附 ,并用 Fre-undlich方程和 Dubinin-Radushkevich(DR)方程对吸附等温线进行了拟合。结果表明 :氧化处理能提高活性炭纤维的表面含氧量并能改变其孔结构 ,进而影响对 VOC的吸附 ;Freundlich方程和 DR方程能很好地拟合吸附等温线     

糜蛋白酶预处理羊毛的低温染色性能

用正交试验法研究了糜蛋白酶对羊毛纤维的预处理情况,再用染料酸性大红BS在较低温度下对预处理后的羊毛进行染色,测定了羊毛的上染率、表观色深值、断裂强力等性能。实验结果表明：在糜蛋白酶用量为2％（owf）、pH值为7、温度为40℃、时间为60min的预处理条件下,酸性大红BS在80℃下染羊毛的上染率达到95．1％,色深值（K／S）达到15．05,强力下降率只有5．78％,与常规染色工艺条件下的染色性能相比,上染率和色深值均有提高,而纤维强力损失较小。     

Low Temperature Dyeing of Cashmere Fibers and Products

A special designed multi-functional dyeing auxiliary, SFR503, is adopted in mordant dyeing process for cashmere fibers, sliver and fabric. The results of decreasing dyeing temperature, shortening the dyeing period, reducing the fiber damage and improved quality of the cashmere have been obtained. The percentage of dyeing exhaustion and color fastness of final products were further improved in this regards. A suggested technique, bath ratio, dyeing process curve and dye recipe were raised in the paper. SFR-503s swelling, wetting, leveling, brightening effect for cashmere during dyeing process were discussed.     

超声波对超细羊毛纤维中性染料染色的影响

采用超声波处理对超细羊毛纤维进行不同深度的染色其影响不尽相同。研究表明,对于染料用量3 %(owf)以下的中浅色,染色前对纤维进行超声波处理,75 ℃染色可达到常规沸染的效果;而对于染料用量5 %(owf)的深色,超声波处理对染色有一定帮助,但作用与中浅色相比相差较多;超声波处理可以将染色温度降为85 ℃,减少纤维损伤,节约能源。     

等离子体联合狗毛蛋白改性的毛/粘混纺纱的染色性能

采用3因素3水平正交实验,以上染百分率为指标,优选出有利于改善毛/粘混纺纱线活性染料染色性能的最佳空气等离子体处理条件,即压力120Pa,功率120W,时间5min.并研究经此等离子体联合狗毛蛋白助剂改性的毛/粘混纺纱线的染色性能.结果表明,二者联合处理的混纺纱线的染色性能进一步提高.     

Determination of Absorbable Organic Halogen (AOX) Concentration in Wool Dyeing Effluent of Lanasol Dyes

In this paper, the absorbable organic halogen (AOX) amounts in the effluents from Lanasol reactive wool dyeing were determined using DIN 38409 H14 methods and compared with the remaining chromophore concentratlons which were determined spectrophotometrically. It was found that the dyes remaining in the dyeing effluents did result in AOX concentratiom. By measuring the adsorption rates of Lanasol dyes on activated charcoal at different temperatures and pH values, the maximum adsorption on activated charcoal and optimum adsorption conditions of the Lanasol reactive dyes were determined. The experiments showed that the AOX values of the dyes measured by these two methods were not in agreement.he reasons for this observation are discussed.     

超细纤维用分散染料

从超细纤维的特点出发,分析了超细纤维在染色时出现的问题,从染料分子设计出发,介绍了可用于超细纤维染色的典型分散染料结构,并从偶氮、蒽酯以及杂环类洒料结构的特点。讨论了改进超细纤维用染料的途径。     

Chemical Modification of Silk Fibers with Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate

Silk fibers have been grafted with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and characteristics of the grafted silk fibers were analyzed in relation to the graft yield on the basis of the tensile properties, dyeing behaviour, durability during laundering and solubility of the specimen in NaOH solution. The amount of the acid dye absorbed by the fibers decreased with increasing graft yield, while the value of rating for washing fastness on silk fibers was almost unchanged by the graft treatment The breaking loads of the fiber were almost unchanged whereas rigidity of the fibers increased after graft treatment. Graft treatment enhanced silk fiber durability during laundering and in NaOH solution.