Enzymatic Treatment of Wool

Three proteases were applied to treatments of wool. The shrinkage, dyeing behavior, some physical and mechanical properties of treated wool were studied. Peroxymonosulfate(PMS) and lipase were used to pretreat wool before the treatment of it by protease. The results show that the shrink resistance of wool fabric is not obtained when it is treated only by the protease, but it is remarkably improved when the wool fabric is treated first by PMS or a lipase afterwards by protease. The rate of dyeing is increased when the wool is treated by protease or combination of oxidant/ lipase and protease. Whiteness, luster and softness of treated wool are improved, while the strength and elasticity are reduced.     

电化学氧化后碳纤维的表面性质

研究了粘胶基碳纤维在不同电解质中经过电化学氧化后的润湿性能和BET比表面,并用XPS分析了电化学氧化前后碳纤维的表面基团。实验结果表明,电化学氧化可以明显增加碳纤维的润湿性能和比表面积。XPS的分析结果表明,经过不同电解质电化学氧化后碳纤维表面含氧基团的增加,尤其是强亲水性羧基的增加是碳纤维表面润湿性能提高的主要原因。     

AN EXAMINATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF STABILIZERS ON THE PHOTOCHEMICAL STABILITY OF DISPERSE DYES

There is a powerful market-need for superfast disperse dyes in special use, e.g. for automotivefabrics. The photochemical fading reactions of dyes are often very complicated, and no singlphotodegradation pathway can be involved for all kinds of dyes. To enhance the photostability of the commonly used disperse dyes, a series of tests on the ef-fect of variable stabilizers on the photodegradation rate of nine representative disperse dyes werecarried out both in ethyl acetate solution and on cellulose acetate film. A moderate light sourceemitting above 300 nm was adopted in this study to simulate the photofading under practical appli-cations. The results show that, in solution, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine is the most effectivegeneral stabilizer for all the tested dyes, but on cellulose film, nickel diethyl-dithiocarbamateshows the greatest general protecting effect, and a synergistic effect is observed for special combina-tions of stabilizers.     

Influence of the Process Conditions on the Formation df AOX Compounds during Wool Chlorine Pretreatment

Chlorination occurred simultaneously with oxidation when wool was treated by chlorine-containing reagents. The adsorbable organic halogens( AOX) compounds were produced by the chlorination of amino acid residues, especially tyrosine residue. The factors that might influence the reaction of dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA) with tyrosine residue were discussed. Higher temperature, appropriate pH value and lower concentration of chloride ion are favorable to decrease the percentage of chlorination. Determination of optimum process conditions would be helpful to control AOX compounds formation during wool chlorine pretreatment.     

Influence of the Process Conditions on the Formation of AOX Compounds during Wool Chlorine Pretreatment

Chlorination occurred simultaneously with oxidationwhen wool was treated by chlorine-containing reagents.The adsorbable organic halogens(AOX) compounds were produced by the chlorination of amino acid residues,especially tyrosine residue. The factors that might influence the reaction of dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA) with tyrosine residue were discussed. Higher temperature, appropriate pH value and lower concentration of chloride ion are favorable to decrease the percentage of chlorination. Determination of optimum process conditions would be helpful to control AOX compounds formation during wool chlorine pretreatment.     

CHMA医用广谱抗菌耐洗涤织物的应用性能测试及临床应用

制备了CHMA医用广谱抗菌耐洗涤织物。实验表明:该抗菌织物具有抗菌谱广、抗菌作用强、作用时间短和耐洗涤等特点。对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌等五十多种细菌具有显著的杀灭和抑制作用。皮肤刺激和过敏试验以及临床应用表明CHMA医用广谱抗菌耐洗涤织物可供人体安全使用。在医疗和公共场所采用该织物制成的各种医用辅料、床单、工作服等,可显著地降低细菌感染率和交叉感染率。     

改善绵羊绒手感方法的研究

阐述了绵羊绒织物如何通过处理以达到接近山羊绒手感的方法,研究结果有助于改善绵羊绒的品质,扩大绵羊绒纤维的应用范围,以满足市场的需要。改善绵羊绒织物手感最为有效的方法是在一定的条件下对绵羊绒织物首先进行氯化处理,随后分别用聚氨酯和氨基硅油对织物进行柔软整理。     

Effects of Electrolytes on the Oxidation of Carbon Fibres

Effects of electrolytes on the oxidation of carbon fibreswere investigated by ion chromatography and cyclic vol-tammogram measurement.The results indicate that theconcentration of nitrate ion decreases with increase oftreatment time,and the concentration of phosphate ionkeeps a constant in the process of electrochemical oxida-tion.Nitrate ions have more effective electrochemical ox-idation ability than other anions.The mechanism of elec-trochemical oxidation of carbon fibres was suggested.     

羊毛防毡缩工艺条件对处理废水中AOX浓度的影响——工艺条件的优化及废水中AOX浓度的测定

在正交实验的基础上优化羊毛防毡缩工艺以及降低废水中AOX的浓度，并利用不同处理工艺下羊毛的毡缩率及废水中的AOX浓度等指标进行了测试。结果表明，优化工艺条件下羊只物的毡缩率等指标没有显著的变化，但废水中的AOX浓度却显著地降低了。     

织物抗菌整理剂2,4,4′—三氯—2′—羟基二苯醚的合成

本文描述了通过硝化反应、缩合反应、还原反应、重氮化反应以及重氮盐的水解反应等步骤合成织物卫生整理剂——2,4,4′-三氯-2′-羟基二苯醚(简称HD-244)的方法,合成路线的总收率为31.4％。根据重氮盐的水解反应的机理,着重探讨了溶剂对该反应产率的影响。实验结果表明,降低水解反应体系中溶剂的极性,有助于提高反应的收率,从而为该化合物的工业化生产提供了可能。