酸性媒介黑T低温低铬染色工艺的探讨

对酸性媒介黑Ｔ低温低铬染色工艺进行试验研究．结果表明，用氨／盐溶液在一定条件下预处理的羊毛，在８０～８５℃下加适当稀土染色、其上染率高于常规染色，染色牢度达到常规染色水平，并能减少红矾用量、降低纤维损伤、节约能量和染料、降低铬污染．     

超声波处理对PET织物染色性能的影响

主要研究了超声波预处理对PET织物染色性能的影响.通过探讨超声频率、预处理时间、预处理温度及碱浓度对处理后织物所得色深的影响,找出对PET染色性能的影响,并优化出超声处理条件.实验结果表明,PET织物经过超声频率为40 kHz、NaOH质量浓度为3.0 g/L、60 ℃下60 min的超声处理后,PET织物可在较低的染色温度下取得更高的色深值,从而降低染色温度,节约能源,并提高染料上染率.     

Lanasol毛用活性染料的工艺优化

以Lanasol三原色对羊毛散纤维进行染色,通过改变工艺条件,对比染色后织物的各项性能,研究最适合羊毛染色的工艺条件和参数.实验结果表明,使用Lanasol染料对羊毛进行染色时的最佳工艺为染液pH控制在4~5,染色温度在85~100℃下均可,元明粉用量控制在5%(owf)以下,适量加入1%~2%的Albegal B,固色pH在7左右.加入0.1g/L亚硫酸氢钠可以在低温下(80℃)达到较高的上染率和固色率.     

生物蛋白改性助剂对羊毛纤维的改性研究

研究了NaHSO3预处理条件,以及鸡毛蛋白改性助剂改性条件对羊毛纤维活性染料和酸性染料染色性能的影响.结果表明,经过NaHSO3预处理与鸡毛蛋白改性助剂联合改性的羊毛纤维可以显著改善染色性能,提高染料上染百分率、固色率、耐洗色牢度,尤其适合染深浓色产品.同时,毛织物吸湿性提高,穿着舒适性改善.     

二氟一氯嘧啶型染料在蚕丝织物上的应用研究

通过测定在不同的温度、pH值下,二氟一氯嘧啶型染料在蚕丝、羊毛和棉纤维上的上染率、固着率和总固着率,初步探索该染料在蚕丝纤维上的成键性能.研究表明,该染料在温度为70℃、pH值为8.5～9.5时,对蚕丝织物有较佳的染色效果.     

棉织物的阳离子改性及其紫甘蓝色素的染色

为研究天然色素对纺织物的染色与着色,本文以紫甘蓝色素为例,以正交试验法研究了棉织物的阳离子改性工艺以及紫甘蓝色素对改性棉织物的染色性能,测定了改性前后棉织物的上染率、表观色深值、耐洗牢度和耐摩擦牢度。结果表明:棉织物经阳离子改性后染色性能有了较大程度的改善,改性的最佳条件为:阳离子改性剂FK-316的用量(质量百分比)为10%,处理温度为60℃,时间是45 min,pH值为10。在最佳改性条件下紫甘蓝色素染织物的上染率为54.8%,K/S值达到8.1,耐洗牢度和耐晒牢度均提高1~2级。     

利用氧化还原体系的丝/毛同色染色

H2O2/NH2CSNH2体系用于羊毛及羊毛/蚕丝复合纺织物的低温染色（80℃）,使所选用的酸性染料和活性染料对羊毛的上染率和得色深度（K/S）达到甚至超过沸染时对羊毛的上染率和得色深度.将该体系用于羊毛/蚕丝复合纺织物的染色,可显著改善同色染色性能而染色牢度不受影响.     

氨纶分散染料染色工艺研究

文章选用了几种不同结构类型的分散染料对氨纶的染色性能进行研究，探讨了分散染料结构与氨纶染色的上染百分率的关系，系统研究了影响分散染料染氨纶的主要工艺参数(温度、时间、pH值)，以及这些工艺参数对氨纶的断裂强力和弹性回复率的影响。研究表明，氨纶纤维用分散染料染色，偶氮苯类和含有-OH，-NH2等极性基团且分子较大的蒽醌类的分散染料，染色性能较好，上染率达80％以上。染色工艺条件为：90～95℃，pH值4～6，染色40～60min。     

改性酸性络合染料的研制及应用

通过对传统的酸性络合染料在结构上进行改性，使其可在相对安全的ｐＨ条件下（３．５～４）对羊毛染色．在上述条件下，与传统染料染色情况相比，染料对纤维的上染速率明显下降，同时染料在纤维上的扩散速率明显提高，从而为这一改性染料在上述ｐＨ条件下具有良好的匀染性能提供了可靠的保证．     

羊毛的化学改性及其阳离子染料染色性能研究

合成了一种阴离子型羊毛改性剂,测定了羊毛纤维经改性剂处理后的白度、碱溶解度、断裂强度及伸长率等性能,讨论了改性羊毛对阳离子染料上染率的影响因素,测定了改性羊毛染色后的皂洗牢度和磨擦牢度。实验结果表明,羊毛经阴离子改性剂处理后机械性能基本不变,在100℃、pH=5、染色60 m in后阳离子染料的上染率达到80%以上,并且具有较高的染色牢度。     

聚乳酸织物碱性染色工艺探讨

为提高生产效率并简化聚乳酸(polylactic acid,PLA)织物的传统染色工艺,利用耐碱的分散染料在碱性条件下对PLA织物进行染色。研究了处理液pH值对PLA织物减量的影响,以及PLA织物的中性染色及碱性染色产品的K/S值及减量率;讨论了碱性染色温度和碱剂用量对PLA织物K/S值和强力的影响;对比了PLA织物有无还原清洗工序的碱性染色产品的色牢度,以及碱性染色与传统染色的工序、配方及产品的颜色深度。结果表明:随着处理液pH值的升高,织物的减量率逐渐增加且碱性条件下更有利于PLA织物的减量;碱性染色织物的减量率及K/S值均高于中性染色产品;随着染色温度的升高和碱剂用量增大,染色织物颜色逐渐变深且断裂强力下降;PLA织物碱性染色产品色牢度好且染色后无需还原清洗;碱性染色比传统染色方法所得织物的颜色更深且碱性染色工艺更加节省能源、水以及时间。     

羊毛的变性及变性羊毛阳离子染料染色

羊毛经阴离子型活性变性剂处理后，纤维侧基上被引入阴离子型基因，具有和腈纶纤维类似的结构。因而，变性羊毛能够用阳离子染料染色。增大变性剂的分子量、共轭双键数及相对疏水性，变性羊毛用阳离子染料染色时上染速率和上染率均可显著地增大，染色牢度也大为改善，但对酸性染料产生防染作用。从变性羊毛的红外吸收光谱图上可看到，在波数为１１５０～１２６０ｃｍ－１、１０１０～１０８０ｃｍ－１和６００—７００ｃｍ－１处均出现磺酸基的特征吸收峰。变性剂和羊毛间形成共价结合成为纤维侧基的一部分。变性羊毛表面的电性能有较大变化，但其物理机械性能如减溶解度、弹性、断裂强度等基本不受影响。     

染整加工对黑色织物表面深度的影响

通过调整染色配方．可以用相对较少的染料染得表面深度值较高的织物；讨论了不同结构染料拼混以后对织物表面深度的影响；通过对织物进行后处理．可以看出织物的表面深度值明显提高．从而达到节约染料．减少废水处理消耗的目的。     

Influence of Low Temperature Dyeing Accelerant on Acrylic Fiber Dyed with Cationic Dyes

The dyeing behavior of cationic dyes to acrylic fiber with self-made low temperature dyeing accelerant was investigated in this study.Compared with conventional dyeing,the acrylic yarn was dyed with Cationic Turquoise Blue X-GB at 85℃ in the presence of accelerant and absence of accelerant,respectively.The influence of low temperature dyeing accelerant on the dyeing mechanism of acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dye was analyzed through kinetics and thermodynamics study.The results show that adding dyeing accelerant can heighten the equilibrium dye-uptake,dyeing rate constants,diffusion coefficients,and shorten half-dyeing time for acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dyes.Furthermore,the partition coefficient,the standard affinity,and the dye saturation value also increased in the dyeing at 85 ℃.     

Study on the Dyeing Behaviors of Low Temperature Glow Discharge Treated Wool

Wool tops was modified by low temperature glow discharge (LTGD). The inputted power, the treating time and the pressure or vacuum were found to play an important role. The wool tops were dyed with reactive dye under a constant dyeing temperature after plasma treatment. Then the dyeing behaviors were studied based on the data of uptake, fixation, dyeing rate and fixing rate. The results revealed the possibility of low temperature dyeing and the suitable parameter of LTGD treatment.     

Effect of Ecotype Carrier for Disperse Dye on Dyeing of Polyester Microfiber

The effect of "Eco" carrier SML for disperse dye on dyeing of polyester microfiber was studied. With respect of the result of effects of SML on dyeing rate curve, dye build - up, migration of dyed polyester microfiber and K/S, color property, color fastness of dyed polyester microfiber fabrics, SML has a significant application perspective, deserving practical uses.     

Research on the Dyeing and Finishing Properties of Wool Treated with Chitosan

The dyeing and finishing properties of wool treated with chitosan were studied. It was shown that chitosan can be absorbed by wool in an acetic acid bath, both dyeing rate and equilibrium dye uptake of wool treated with chitosan increase in a wide pH range from strong acid to neutral conditions. This work also indicated that chitosan could be used to achieve feltproofing of wool.     

Low Temperature Dyeing and Shrinkage-Resistance Finishing of Wool by Composition of Salt-Ammonia and Enzyme Treatment

Wool top and knitted fabric were treated with ammonia in the presence of sodium chloride （salt-ammonia process）. The effectiveness of salt-ammonia process traditionally used as pretreatment for low temperature dyeing has been investigated for conferring shrink-resistance of wool. The pretreatmont of salt-ammonia process followed by enzymatic treatment has been proved that contribute to not only the enhancement of dyeing behavionr but also shrinkage-resistance in the present studies. A novel composition of salt-ammonia pretreatment, oxidized and reduced treatment as well as protease modification was recommended to achieve low temperature dyeing and shrinkage-resistance of wool. At the same time, the process conditions were optimized by orthogonal array and assessed by dye uptake rate, weight loss and area shrinkage. Laboratory experiments showed that the knitted fabric treated according to optimized conditions of the combined process, achieved not only improvement of dye abilities but also the strict requirement of machine-washable, representing a possible alternative to chlorination.     

Leveling Improvement for the Dyeing of the Shrinkproofed Wool

In this paper,the dyeing behavior of shrinkproofed woolusing Lanasol reactive dyes was studied.Good dyeinglevelness was obtained by modifying the common dyeingprocess.To minimize the strength loss,low temperaturedyeing process was chosen.The strength loss of shrink-proofed wool dyed at low temperature and high tempera-ture were compared.The exhaustion and fixation werealso determined at different temperature and pH.     

Extraction and Application of Natural Mordant Dyes from Eichhornia Crassipes (Water Hyacinth)

Metallic salts are often added as extra mordant when dyeing the fabrics with natural dyes. Eichhornia crassipes,namely water hyacinth( WH),is an environmentally problematic aquatic weed with high affinity for metals. In this paper,WH was selected as the source of natural mordant dyes,and extracted by absolute ethyl alcohol using a soxhlet apparatus. The colorants in WH were extracted and separated by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography( TLC). UV-visible spectrophotometer( UV-VIS),mass spectrometry, chemical identification with chromogenic reaction,and Fourier transform infrared spetroscopy( FTIR) were used to identify the main components of each pigment band. The total metal contents before and after extracting of the WH were determined by using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission detector. The WH extracts were then used to dye wool fabric. The dyeing properties of WH extracts with and without metal mordant were investigated and compared. The results show that the main components of WH extracts are pheophytin and phyllins. The major metallic elements identified in WH are magnesium, manganese,zinc,and iron. Samples dyed with WH extracts without metal mordant exhibits high K / S values and good dyeing properties. This study indicates that the WH extracts can be used as a natural mordant dye on wool fabrics directly.