基于木质素和多巴胺改性的MWCNTs水相分散

为解决碳纳米管材料的团聚问题,对多壁碳纳米管(multi-walled carbon nanotubes,MWCNTs)进行多巴胺改性所形成的表面聚多巴胺层,增强了MWCNTs与木质素的结合力,从而最终实现以木质素为分散剂的水相MWCNTs稳定分散。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱和透射电镜对改性MWCNTs的表面化学结构和分散形态进行表征,应用紫外分光光度计定量评价pH值、木质素质量浓度及改性MWCNTs质量浓度对MWCNTs分散效果的影响。结果表明:经多巴胺改性的MWCNTs在木质素分散下可实现高达95.65%的分散度;中性、碱性条件有利于提高分散稳定性;木质素质量浓度为改性MWCNTs质量浓度的5倍时,MWCNTs分散效果最佳;木质素最多能均匀分散其2.5倍质量浓度的改性MWCNTs。     

Applications of Enzyme-simulating Copper Complex Catalyst in Low-temperature Scouring/Bleaching of Cotton Knits

An enzyme-stimulating catalyst( PTL) with copper ions( Cu~(2+)) as the activation center and aminophosphonate as ligand was developed and applied in low-temperature scouring/bleaching of cotton knits. The optimal weight ratio of Cu~(2+) to aminophosphonate was 1 ∶75. Via orthodox and single-factor experiments,the most efficient formula for low-temperature scouring/bleaching was composed of 0. 4 g/L high-efficiency degreaser DM-1130,1. 5 g/L PTL,2. 0 g/L sodium hydroxide( NaOH),and 7. 0 g/L 30% hydrogen peroxide( H_2O_2). The PTL could not only increase the whiteness of cotton knits,but also remove pectin to enhance capillary effect.     

低温氧漂活化剂的制备与应用

为解决纯棉针织物练漂温度高、能耗大等问题,制备了能用于低温漂白的锰配合物MnⅡ(L) (ClO4)2(其中L为1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷),并研究了双氧水用量、配合物浓度、NaOH用量、练漂温度和练漂时间共5个工艺因素对漂白效果的影响.通过单因素试验和正交试验,得到优化的工艺条件:DM-1361用量为0.5 g/L,DM-1408用量为1 g/L,H2O2(35％)用量为8g/L,NaOH用量为6 g/L,配合物浓度为20 μmol/L,练漂温度为70℃,练漂时间为50 min,浴比为1∶10.结果表明:低温优化工艺整理后织物的白度和毛效略差于传统工艺,但达到服用要求；顶破强力与织物失重率均优于传统工艺.     

Enzymatic Treatment of Wool

Three proteases were applied to treatments of wool. The shrinkage, dyeing behavior, some physical and mechanical properties of treated wool were studied. Peroxymonosulfate(PMS) and lipase were used to pretreat wool before the treatment of it by protease. The results show that the shrink resistance of wool fabric is not obtained when it is treated only by the protease, but it is remarkably improved when the wool fabric is treated first by PMS or a lipase afterwards by protease. The rate of dyeing is increased when the wool is treated by protease or combination of oxidant/ lipase and protease. Whiteness, luster and softness of treated wool are improved, while the strength and elasticity are reduced.     

The Synthesis of the Reactive Antibacterial Agents and Their Antibacterial Activities

A series of monochlorotriazine reactive antibacterial agents were synthesised by using 2,4,4' - trichloro -2' - hydroxydiphenyl ether as a starting material. The spectrum analyses (UV and MS) and elementary analy-ses were also carried out. These antibacterial agents can be used as the bacteria - resistance finishing agents of the cellulose fabrics. The treated fabrics possess excellent antibacterial activity and durable wash fastness. For ex-ample , the percentages of bacterial reduction of the fab-ric finished with reactive antibacterial agent 2RSDP are 98.5%, 98. 86% and 96.67% for Staphylococcus au-reus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginose re-spectively. After more than 100 times of washing at 60°C, the antibacterial activity still retains at a level of about 90% of the original. The relationships between the molecular structures of the reactive antibacterial finish-ing agents and their antibacterial activities are discussed.     

Alkaline Hydrolysis to Reduce the AOX Concentrations in Effluents from Chlorination Treatment of Wool

Organic halogens generated in the chlorlnatlon treatment of wool are proven to be acutely toxic to human beings. Legislation on environmental pollution has become more and more stringent in recent years. So the chlorlnation treatment is faced with disuse. Alkaline hydrolysis is adopted to reduce the AOX (Absorbable Organic Halogen) concentrations in the effluents from the chlorlnatlontreatment under 40℃ and pH values 9, 10, 11 and 12. After treatment the reduction of AOX appears approximately 65%.     

牛黄的付立叶变换红外光谱研究

用FT-IR法系统地研究了四种不同产地的天然牛黄与人工牛黄,证实了人工牛黄与天然牛黄不仅组份不同,而且元素组成也不一样。而各种天然牛黄的主要组份相近,但也在各组份含量上有着差别。在天然牛黄人发现有蛋白,并讨论了它的二级结构。 将天然牛黄与胆石做了对比,发现天然牛黄与某些类型的胆石的组成相似,这为用胆石代替牛黄做为药物提供了一个有价值的依据,因为天然牛黄是很稀缺的。     

核基质和染色体骨架与端粒DNA和c-Ras基因关系的研究

核基质(Nuclear matrix)是存在于真核细胞核内的以蛋白成分为主的水不溶性纤维网络体系.近年来的广泛研究表明该体系不仅是维持细胞核形态的支架,而且在DNA复制、基因表达的调节、核内激素的结合等方面起着十分重要的作用.染色体骨架(Chromosome scaf-fold)是中期染色体中去除DNA与组蛋白后得到的由非组蛋白构成的支架结构.有资料表明染色体骨架可能来自于核基质:Bakers等人对粘菌(Physarum polycephalum)有丝分裂周     

三嗪类紫外线吸收剂的制备及应用性能

以三聚氯氰、对氨基苯磺酸和乙二胺为原料合成了一种三嗪类紫外线吸收剂,并利用红外光谱和紫外光谱进行了初步的表征.通过正交实验考察并得出了优化整理工艺,即浴比1:15,反应温度55℃,元明粉质量浓度35 g/L,反应时间20min,纯碱质量浓度20 g/L,田着温度80℃,固着时间20min.整理后织物应用性能测试表明,制备的紫外线吸收剂具有优良的防紫外线性能和耐洗涤性能,经50次洗涤后,织物的抗紫外指数保留率高于90%,且整理前后织物的物理机械性能变化较小,为一种优良的反应性紫外线吸收剂.     

Environmental Friendly Route and Wool Shrink Proofing

The shrink proofing on wool with treatment of protease named Argaenzyme STL was studied. The various pretreating auxiliaries, different parameters for protease treating process and the effect of stabilizer were discussed in detail. The varieties of some properties before and after protease treatment were also investigated.