CS结构修饰及其与AA相互作用的空间位阻效应

为从分子水平探讨硫酸化多糖与小分子相互作用机理,本文采用氯磺酸-吡啶法(Wolfrom法)对硫酸软骨素(CS)进行结构修饰,制得了不同硫取代度的CS样品.应用光谱法研究了天青A(AA)与CS相互作用的吸收光谱,考察了硫取代度对CS抗凝血活性及AA与CS相互作用的影响,应用建立的酸性多糖与生物探针相互作用数学模型,测得AA与不同硫取代度的CS最大结合数分别为151,215,211和204,认为AA与CS相互作用具有空间位阻效应.     

透明质酸与天青A空间定向相互作用机理

采用光谱探针技术分析研究了天青A(AA)与透明质酸(HA)相互作用的吸收光谱,运用光谱法考察了AA/HA摩尔比、羟丙基-β-环糊精、乙醇、Triton X-100、pH以及NaCl对AA和HA反应体系的影响,测得HA对AA的最大结合数N=3.22×10~3,结合常数K=2.86×10~6,并且建立了AA与HA大分子空间定向相互作用的实验研究模型。实验结果表明,AA与HA相互作用产生的变色反应,不仅与AA和HA分子间的静电相互作用有关,而且还与HA大分子上结合态AA的密度有关,HA大分子上结合态AA分子间的疏水相互作用是形成550nm吸收峰以及产生变色反应的主要原因。     

枸杞多糖硫酸酯化修饰及其对Hela细胞的体外抑制作用

通过L_9(3)~4正交设计对氯磺酸-吡啶法制备枸杞多糖硫酸酯(SLBP)的修饰条件进行优选,最佳条件为V(氯磺酸):V(吡啶)=1:4,反应温度80 ℃,反应时间2 h.枸杞多糖硫酸酯中硫的质量分数可达17.23%,硫酸基取代度可达1.935.以紫外和红外光谱对产物加以表征,并用MTT法测定了对Hela细胞体外生长的抑制作用.在25～200 mg/L内,枸杞多糖(LBP)对人宫颈癌(Hela)细胞生长几乎没有抑制作用,而枸杞多糖硫酸酯对Hela细胞的抑制率可达31.71%.用本方法所制备的枸杞多糖硫酸酯具有较高的含硫量和硫酸基取代度,对Hela细胞生长具有明显的抑制作用,其抑制率与硫酸基取代度和用药剂量呈正相关.     

MA-AA-AM-SMAS四元共聚物的阻垢性能研究

以马来酸酐(MA)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲代烯丙基磺酸钠(SMAS)等为原料,以过氧化氢为引发剂,通过水溶液聚合反应和膦酰化反应合成出含膦酰基、羧基和磺酸基的四元共聚物阻垢剂MA AA AMSMAS(PMAAS)。探讨了共聚物的投加量、钙离子质量浓度、溶液的pH值和温度等因素与共聚物阻垢率的关系,并用环境扫描电镜观测了碳酸钙与硫酸钙晶形的变化。经国标法测得,当pH=7,PMAAS用量为7mg/L时,其对CaCO3阻垢率可达99％,对CaSO4阻垢率达88.5％,与同类的产品相比,在碳酸钙垢和硫酸钙垢的阻垢性能上具有一定的优势。     

咪唑磺酸基多酸离子液体在酯化反应中的催化性能研究

合成了三种咪唑磺酸基多酸离子液体催化剂,并将其用于棕榈酸与甲醇的酯化反应研究.探讨了有机阳离子磺酸基上的酸性催化点位与多酸Brnsted酸性催化点位协同作用对酯化反应的影响.结果表明,[MIMPS]H2PW12O40(MIMPS=C7H13N2SO3)在醇酸物质的量比11∶1,催化剂用量0.06 mmol,反应时间8 h,反应温度65℃时转化率达98.3%,催化剂可循环使用6次.     

酸性离子液体催化合成食用香料丙酸香茅酯

研究了以含磺酸基离子液体1-(4-磺酸基)丁基-3-甲基吡嗪四氟硼酸盐([4-sulfbmpyrazine][BF4])为酸性催化剂,以香茅醇、丙酸酐为原料合成丙酸香茅酯,采用正交实验方案对合成条件进行了考察.实验结果表明,以酸性离子液体为催化剂合成丙酸香茅酯的较优条件为:n(香茅醇):n(丙酸酐):n(催化剂)为50∶100∶1,反应温度70℃,反应时间2 h,按优化条件进行验证实验,产品得率为95.3%.[4-sulfbmpyrazine][BF4]催化剂循环使用5次,催化活性基本不变.     

亚甲基蓝介导抗坏血酸氧化动力学的研究

本文利用亚甲基蓝（MB）颜色可逆调控技术,研究了抗坏血酸（AA）的氧化动力学及MB的影响。蓝色MB与AA快速反应生成无色的还原态亚甲基蓝（LMB）,随后通入O2使LMB氧化回复始态的MB,并通过MB在664 nm的特征吸收峰监测AA的氧化。在饱和O2氛围中,AA的氧化呈现出零级反应动力学特征,其反应速率常数为0.193 mol L1 s1;MB不仅能作为检测AA的光谱探针,而且能促进AA的氧化,使AA的氧化反应活化能降低了35.5%,速率常数增大了1.5倍。此外,该方法应用于片剂中AA的含量测定和氧化评价,显示了2.1%的相对标准偏差,具有成本低、灵敏度高、重现性好的特点。     

酶解龙须菜粗多糖硫酸基工艺优化

为探索重组芳香基硫酸酯酶水解龙须菜粗多糖的动态过程变化,同时为重组酶的应用提供基础数据,以p ET-28a为表达载体,在大肠杆菌(E.coli)中诱导表达获得能特异性水解硫酸酯的重组芳香基硫酸酯酶.并利用重组芳香基硫酸酯酶水解海藻龙须菜中的硫酸基团,以硫酸基含量和硫酸基脱除率为指标,利用单因素试验研究各因素对龙须菜粗多糖硫酸基水解过程的影响.试验确定了脱除龙须菜粗多糖硫酸基团的工艺条件,结果表明,重组芳香基硫酸酯酶水解龙须菜粗多糖的适宜工艺条件为:水解温度40℃,p H值7.0,初始底物5 g/L,加酶量108.14 U,振荡速率120 times/min,酶解反应2 h,在此工艺条件下脱除了78.4%的硫酸基团,凝胶强度提高2.1倍,凝固温度、融化温度分别为38.4℃和91.3℃.重组芳香基硫酸酯酶在酶解过程中水解龙须菜粗多糖中硫酸酯表现出较高的活力.     

化学酶法对硫酸软骨素类多糖的定量分析

硫酸软骨素(chondroitin sulfate, CS)类多糖是一类具有多种临床治疗作用的糖胺聚糖。在硫酸软骨素裂解酶作用下，软骨素中葡糖醛酸和N-乙酰半乳糖胺之间的糖苷键发生断裂，可生成不饱和二糖。微生物发酵生产软骨素过程中，多糖定量往往需经过多次纯化以及使用昂贵的仪器进行检测，过程繁琐。文章研究偶联了专一性的酶解法与蒽酮-硫酸法，快速测定复杂培养液中的软骨素类多糖质量浓度。该方法通过超滤去除单糖等小分子杂质后，将多糖用专一性硫酸软骨素裂解酶分解为寡糖，再通过超滤去除大分子杂质，得到的寡糖过滤液使用蒽酮-硫酸法快速测定多糖质量浓度。该多糖定量方法可以选择不同特异性的裂解酶，适用于复杂培养液中其他多糖的快速定量分析。     

膦基磺酸共聚物阻垢分散剂的研制

以水为溶剂,次亚磷酸钠-过硫酸钠为引发剂,丙烯酸(AA)和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为单体合成了集膦酸基、羧酸基和磺酸基于一体的水溶性共聚物.讨论了单体配比、NaH2PO2用量、引发剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对共聚物性能的影响规律.研究结果表明:该共聚物具有较好的阻碳酸钙垢、磷酸钙垢和稳定锌盐沉积的能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.