基于提花圆机硬件功能的FPGA的分频器研究与实现

在提花圆机选针器控制系统中,实现了一种基于FPGA的等占空比任意小数分频电路的设计.首先简要介绍了FPGA器件的特点和应用范围,讨论了一些常见整数分频的方法,最后介绍了一种基于FPGA的双模前置小数分频器的分频原理及电路设计,并用Verilog HDL编程,QUARTERSII6.0进行仿真.     

应用于K波段分数分频频率综合器的多模分频器设计与优化

基于TSMC 90 nm CMOS工艺设计一款多模分频器,可以实现的分频比的范围为32~39.详细介绍了多模分频器的各部分模块,包括双模预定标器、S计数器和P计数器,分析并且讨论了P计数器加入与不加入重新定时电路的时序图.本文设计的分频器应用于K波段高速分数分频频率综合器.测试结果表明应用改进后的多模分频器,频率综合器的带内噪声可以优化15 dB,频偏10 kHz和频偏1 kHz的相位噪声可达到81.30 dBc/Hz和72.44 dBc/Hz.      

一种新型锁相频率合成理论与方法的研究

数字锁相频率合成技术在当今频率合成技术中占主导地位。在这一技术中,人们一直在努力寻求解决高比相频率与高频率分辨率之间的矛盾的方法。经典的解决方法是采用多环结构,但这种方案结构复杂且成本高。七十年代末美国HP公司首次提出了小数分频技术,为上述矛盾的解决开辟了新的途径。但由于小数分频技术中存在有模拟相位内插器对鉴相器输出端的三角波干扰分量的补偿精度还不够高的缺点,而且该技术硬件线路复杂,且对器     

基于VerilogHDL的分频器的优化设计

基于整数和小数分频的实现原理,提出了整数和小数分频器的算法和结构,采用Verilog硬件描述语言优化设计了偶数、非50%占空比和50%占空比的奇数、半整数分频器,重点对任意小数分频器进行了设计优化.用LDV5.1进行了仿真,用Synplify Pro进行了基于ALTERA公司FPGA的综合,证明了其可行性.     

基于CPLD的整数可变分频器设计

采用2片74LS190数字逻辑器件设计了两位数的分频器,给出了设计的原理图,接着使用Quartus-II工具软件进行分频器的功能仿真,结果表明该分频器能够对输入信号的频率实现1-99的分频,最后将编译好的文件下载到相应的CPLD器件中,从硬件电路上实现了可变分频器的设计.     

MSI小数分频频率合成器的研制

本文介绍一种新型的MSI小数分频频率合成器。它采用最新的计数控制逻辑电路组成基本的数字频率合成器。然后插入小数分频新技术,使程序分频器分频比的小数位可扩展到任意多的位数,得到任意小的输出频率间隔。从而解决了单环数字频率合成器中高的鉴相频率和小的频率间隔之间的矛盾。本文讨论了相位噪声,从理论和实践都证明了小数分频的方案能提高边带抑制比和降低输出相位噪声。最后给出了实验结果。     

一种采用微机控制的锁相伺服系统速度给定方法

本文根据小数分频的基本原理,提出一种新的采用微机控制的锁相伺服系统速度给定方法,从而在不降低鉴相频率的前提下提高了速度给定分辩率,並对小数分频产生的附加相移具有补偿作用。实验表明,本方案速度给定范围宽,分辩率高,线路简单,控制方便。     

在锁相环吞脉冲频合器中实现可调小数分频

推导出了吞脉冲技术锁相环频率合成器的输出频率Ｆｏ、双模前置分频器的输出频率Ｆｐ和参考频率Ｆｒ之间的关系式．经宽覆盖（１３８．０００～１６７．０００ＭＨｚ）、高稳定度（１０－６）、多通道（每通道间隔２５ｋＨｚ）频合器实验论证，关系式成立．应用此关系式提出了一种新的小数分频理论和实现电路框图，该理论能解决单环频合器中高鉴相频率与高频分辨率之间的矛盾．     

在锁相环吞脉冲频合器中实现可调小数分频

推导出了吞脉冲技术锁相环频率合成器的输出频率Ｆｏ、双模前置分频器的输出频率Ｆｐ和参考频率Ｆｒ之间的关系式。经宽覆盖（１３８．０００￣１６７．０００ＭＨｚ）、高稳定度（１０＾－６）、多通道（每通道间隔２５ｋＨｚ）频合器实验论证,关系式成立。应用此关系式提出了一种新的小数分频理论和实现电路框图,该理论能解决单环频合器中高鉴相频率与高频分辨率之间的矛盾。     

基于小数分频锁相技术的S频段信号源设计

基于小数分频锁相技术,采用片内集成VCO的锁相芯片ADF4350,设计了一种应用于射频收发机本振部分的S频段频率合成器。通过单片机的逻辑控制,该信号源可实现137.5~4 400MHz频率范围内任意步进频点的合成。实测结果表明,该S频段小数分频锁相环频率合成器具有优良的相位噪声和杂散抑制,以及较高频率分辨率。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-