羊毛束细化拉伸的参数优化与效果表征

采用自制细化装置和测量单元对羊毛毛条进行拉伸细化，结合正交试验得出优化的预浸、拉伸、定形的工艺条件。基于本优化工艺条件所得的细化毛条和澳洲的“Optim^TM羊毛”进行了纤维特征和改性效果的综合对比分析。试验结果证明：细化拉伸处理后，羊毛细度、长度、光泽明显改善，但纤维伸长率变小，长度离散度变大，这对纺织加工提出了新的要求。     

壳聚糖整理羊毛织物透湿性能研究

使用双氧水在超声波辅助条件下制备了不同分子质量的壳聚糖,用黏度法测定了分子量,并对羊毛织物进行整理.借助SEM、FTIR分析羊毛纤维表面形貌和结构,并测试了羊毛织物透湿性能.结果表明,借助柠檬酸的桥梁作用,壳聚糖和羊毛纤维发生了化学反应.当壳聚糖分子质量为5×104、质量分数为1%时处理羊毛织物,其透湿性能最好.     

改善羊毛织物蛋白酶防缩整理中的强力损失

通过对壳聚糖、蛋白酶不同处理浓度的比较实验,得出改善羊毛蛋白酶防毡缩整理中强力损失的可行性实验方案:双氧水→壳聚糖→蛋白酶整理工艺.实验结果表明,壳聚糖先于蛋白酶处理,可对羊毛起到一定的保护作用;再经适当的蛋白酶处理后,不但使羊毛具有一定的防毡缩性能,而且可使织物强力保持率达94.2%.     

羊毛的蛋白酶/壳聚糖生物整理研究

讨了与壳聚糖处理相配合的蛋白酶品种和用量对羊毛毡缩性影响 ,测试了对羊毛纤维强度和染色性的影响 ,通过电镜照片观察羊毛纤维表面鳞片的变化情况。结果表明 ,蛋白酶的用量与品种有关 ,若用量控制适当 ,可使羊毛纤维在损伤较少的情况下达到较好的防毡缩效果 ;用蛋白酶 /壳聚糖处理后 ,可提高羊毛的上染率 ,降低染色温度。     

毛条细化拉伸过程的表征研究

利用自行设计的拉伸细化测量装置，实时测量了羊毛纤维条拉伸的力学行为，提取了表征纤维拉伸细化的特征参数，并在此基础上，讨论和分析了不同拉伸条件对纤维细化过程的影响．     

酶复合整理改善羊毛织物的防缩性能

为解决单独用蛋白酶处理羊毛织物时防缩效果不明显且强力降低的问题,提出用碱性蛋白酶对羊毛织物进行处理,部分去除羊毛纤维的鳞片,在此基础上再用谷氨酰胺转胺酶对羊毛进行处理,实现羊毛纤维蛋白质分子之间的交联.扫描了整理前后羊毛织物的红外光谱图,这种酶复合整理工艺使得羊毛织物的防缩性能显著改善,而强力和伸长性能基本保持不变,从而更具应用价值.     

羊毛纤维染色性能的研究

对羊毛纤维的低温染色工艺进行了研究,并与常规的染色工艺进行了比较.实验结果表明,采用酸性蛋白酶处理与染色同浴进行可以实现羊毛的低温染色,节约能源,缩短染色时间,提高生产效率,降低环境污染.同时对羊毛的强力损伤很小,此工艺在技术上是可行,经济上是合理的.     

羊毛细化拉伸系统的作用分析

对羊毛细化罗拉拉伸系统的作用进行分析，建立了纤维拉伸倍数计算公式，得出纤维有效拉伸的条件，并通过实例验证了有关分析。     

糜蛋白酶预处理羊毛的低温染色性能

用正交试验法研究了糜蛋白酶对羊毛纤维的预处理情况,再用染料酸性大红BS在较低温度下对预处理后的羊毛进行染色,测定了羊毛的上染率、表观色深值、断裂强力等性能。实验结果表明：在糜蛋白酶用量为2％（owf）、pH值为7、温度为40℃、时间为60min的预处理条件下,酸性大红BS在80℃下染羊毛的上染率达到95．1％,色深值（K／S）达到15．05,强力下降率只有5．78％,与常规染色工艺条件下的染色性能相比,上染率和色深值均有提高,而纤维强力损失较小。     

生物蛋白改性助剂对羊毛纤维的改性研究

研究了NaHSO3预处理条件,以及鸡毛蛋白改性助剂改性条件对羊毛纤维活性染料和酸性染料染色性能的影响.结果表明,经过NaHSO3预处理与鸡毛蛋白改性助剂联合改性的羊毛纤维可以显著改善染色性能,提高染料上染百分率、固色率、耐洗色牢度,尤其适合染深浓色产品.同时,毛织物吸湿性提高,穿着舒适性改善.     

Protease Selection and Technology Optimization in Biofinish of Wool

A process for the shrink - resist treatment of wool by protease with a hydrogen peroxide pretreatment (the Perzym process) has been studied. A protease, selected from several commercial proteases, has been found having higher activity in shrink - resist treatment, and its optimum technological conditions, which confer wool better shrinkproofing and less strength and elongation loss, have been obtained by an orthogonal factorial design approach. The study shows that it is possible for the wool to be conferred excellent machine washability by the Perzym process.     

Enzymatic Treatment for Shrink-proofing of Wool

Introduction Duetothescalestructureandresiliencyproperties, woolhasatendencytoshrinkundertheinfluencesof moisture,detergentsandagitation.Nowadaysthemost commerciallysuccessfulshrink proofingprocedureistheIWS/CSIROchlorine Hercosetttopprocessasa combinationofsubtractiveandadditivemethods[1,2]. However,apartfromyellowingandresultingasynthetichandle,thisprocessproducesabsorbableorganichalogen compounds(AOX)[1,3],whichcauseseverepressureon environmentallegislation[4,5].Forecologicaland econ…     

CAD在黑花羊毛一步法脱色中的应用

在黑花羊毛双氧水一步法脱色系统中,采用中心旋转组合设计实验方案,研究了双氧水浓度、脱色时间和温度对脱色效果的影响以及最优化的脱色工艺条件。同时,以测定碱溶解度作为化学降解的限制条件,提出了产生最佳白度的脱色工艺处方。     

高温热湿处理羊毛纤维的微观结构与性能研究

本文研究了羊毛纤维经高温蒸汽及高温水煮处理后的吸湿性能与拉伸性能的变化．采用扫描电子显微镜及X射线衍射仪，分析了羊毛纤维经高温热湿处理后微观结构形态及结晶度．结果表明，经不同温度及时间的蒸汽、水煮处理后，羊毛纤维的吸湿性能出现不规律的变化，而纤维的拉仲强力及伸长则降低；经高温热湿处理后，羊毛纤维的鳞片遭到破坏，纤维结晶指数下降．     

氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的结构及性能研究

采用氢氧化钠和双氧水溶解羊毛制得可溶性角蛋白溶液,再对经高碘酸钠选择性氧化的棉纤维进行处理.研究了氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的结构和力学性能.结果表明,氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后产生增重,同时在纤维表面吸附成膜,红外光谱表明角蛋白与氧化棉纤维之间形成共价结合,且氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的力学性能基本不变.     

Low Temperature Dyeing and Shrinkage-Resistance Finishing of Wool by Composition of Salt-Ammonia and Enzyme Treatment

Wool top and knitted fabric were treated with ammonia in the presence of sodium chloride （salt-ammonia process）. The effectiveness of salt-ammonia process traditionally used as pretreatment for low temperature dyeing has been investigated for conferring shrink-resistance of wool. The pretreatmont of salt-ammonia process followed by enzymatic treatment has been proved that contribute to not only the enhancement of dyeing behavionr but also shrinkage-resistance in the present studies. A novel composition of salt-ammonia pretreatment, oxidized and reduced treatment as well as protease modification was recommended to achieve low temperature dyeing and shrinkage-resistance of wool. At the same time, the process conditions were optimized by orthogonal array and assessed by dye uptake rate, weight loss and area shrinkage. Laboratory experiments showed that the knitted fabric treated according to optimized conditions of the combined process, achieved not only improvement of dye abilities but also the strict requirement of machine-washable, representing a possible alternative to chlorination.     

Tentative Research of Short Process of Jute Degumming and Bleaching

The feasibility of combination process of jute degumming and bleaching with alkali-hydrogen peroxide in one-step-one-bath was discussed. The combination process basically has the similar function as the traditional two-step-two-bath method. The factors such as hydrogen peroxide concentration, CBI concentration, sodium hydroxide concentration, treatment time and temperature were studied respectively, and then an orthogonal experiment was designed to study the interactions among the hydrogen peroxide concentration, CBI concentration, sodium hydroxide concentration. After the designed experiments, the optimum treatment conditions were obtained as follows： hydrogen peroxide of 12g/L, sodium hydroxide of 4g/L, CBI of 4g/L, JFC of 1g/L, treatment time of 60min and temperature of 75℃.     

Enzymatic Treatment of Wool

Three proteases were applied to treatments of wool. The shrinkage, dyeing behavior, some physical and mechanical properties of treated wool were studied. Peroxymonosulfate(PMS) and lipase were used to pretreat wool before the treatment of it by protease. The results show that the shrink resistance of wool fabric is not obtained when it is treated only by the protease, but it is remarkably improved when the wool fabric is treated first by PMS or a lipase afterwards by protease. The rate of dyeing is increased when the wool is treated by protease or combination of oxidant/ lipase and protease. Whiteness, luster and softness of treated wool are improved, while the strength and elasticity are reduced.     

Environmental Friendly Route and Wool Shrink Proofing

The shrink proofing on wool with treatment of protease named Argaenzyme STL was studied. The various pretreating auxiliaries, different parameters for protease treating process and the effect of stabilizer were discussed in detail. The varieties of some properties before and after protease treatment were also investigated.