氢气爆炸反应压力探讨

利用公式ΔU=-0.1196n/λ计算了氢气在空气和氧气中爆炸反应产生的火焰温度,进而计算了爆炸反应产生的压力.当氢气在空气中的浓度分别为74%(爆炸上限)和4.1%(爆炸下限),其爆炸反应产生的压力分别为3.46atm和1.71atm;当氢气在氧气中的浓度分别为94%(爆炸上限)和4%(爆炸下限)时,爆炸反应产生的压力分别为3.79atm和1.56atm.     

波长对NO光解反应的影响

利用公式ΔGo+RTlnKop=0.1196n/λ计算了不同波长条件下NO光解反应的标准平衡常数.当波长为183 nm和230 nm时,反应NO+hv→N.+O.的标准平衡常数分别为3.64×109和1.45×10-14;当波长为230 nm时,反应2NO+hv→N2+O2的标准平衡常数为e279.72.解释了为什么NO吸收λ<183 nm的光子后解离为游离态的氮原子和氧原子,而吸收λ<230 nm的光子后形成激发态分子NO*,进而与NO反应形成N2和O2.     

甲烷爆炸后体系的温度与压力

利用公式ΔU=-0.1196 n/λ.计算了不同浓度的甲烷爆炸后体系的温度,进而计算了爆炸产生的压力.当甲烷在空气中的浓度达到爆炸反应的下限浓度5.3%时,爆炸后体系的温度为1232 K,最高压力为4.13 atm.当甲烷在空气中的浓度达到9.5%时(甲烷与空气中的氧气完全反应),爆炸后体系的温度为1815 K,最高压力为6.09 atm.     

烃燃烧反应机理探讨

由于光是一种有序的能量，因而光是一种非体积功（W′），根据公式△H=W′-0.1196n/λ计算了乙炔和丙烷燃烧反应的火焰温度，提出了烃燃烧反应机理，该机理为；第一步，氧气吸收光子形成游离态氧原子，每摩尔氧气吸收1摩尔光子；第二步，烃裂解形成碳和氢气，该步骤既不吸收光子，也不发出光子；第三步，氢气与游离态氧原子作用生成水，每生成1mol水发出1mol光子；第四步，碳与游离态氧原子作用生成CO，每生成1molCO发出1mol光子；第五步，CO与氧分子作用生成CO2，该步骤既不吸收光子，也不发出光子。     

CO爆炸反应压力探讨

利用公式△U=-0.119 6 n/λ计算了CO在空气中爆炸反应发生时的温度,进而计算了爆炸反应产生的压力.计算表明,当CO在空气中的浓度为爆炸反应的低限浓度12.5%时,爆炸反应产生的最高压力为3.51 atm;当CO在空气中的浓度达到爆炸反应的高限浓度74%时,爆炸反应产生的最高压力为3.66 atm.     

氯磺酚S两波长分光光度法测定铬（Ⅲ）和铝（Ⅲ）

在pH2.5～3.5的乙酸盐缓冲溶液中,在加热的条件下,氯磺酚S与铬(Ⅲ)和铝形成最大吸收在656.1nm和649.4nm的蓝色螯合物,吸收带重叠,光度测定时彼此干扰.当以参比波长λ_1=663.8nm,测定波长λ_2=648nm时测定铬,以λ_1=618.8nm和λ_2=678.0nm时测定,可用两波长分光光度法同时测定铬(Ⅲ)和铝,本文研究了显色反应的适宜条件,干扰离子的影响及消除方法.用于合成水样和废水中铬和铝的测定,得到了满意的结果.     

用于光通信的超窄带光子晶体滤波器的设计及特性研究

把G=3,N=3的Cantor序列一维光子晶体看作是由光学厚度均为λ0/4的两种介质按分形Cantor序列堆砌27层而成。用5层光学厚度0λ/5的第3种介质替换晶体中第10~15层的低折射率介质后,得到一种新结构的光子晶体。用传输矩阵法研究新结构光子晶体的能带特性,结果表明,新结构光子晶体有更宽的带隙,并在中心波长处出现了一个超窄透射窗口,透射率几乎为100%,当λ0=1 550 nm时,透射窗口的半高宽仅为0.2 nm。晶体的这一特性可用来制作超窄带光子晶体滤波器,在光通信和光学精密测量等技术中有一定的应用价值。     

二维非线性Schrdinger方程平衡解的稳定性分析

讨论了非线性Schro。dinger方程:iut=-Δu-λu2u-(1+iα)u,α≠0,λ∈R.平衡解的稳定性,并应用行波解的方法证明了:当α>0时相应的平衡解是不稳定的;当α<0时,相应的平衡解是渐近稳定的.     

一维ZnO/MgF2光子晶体带隙的仿真研究

利用光学传输矩阵理论对一维ZnO/MgF₂光子晶体的光子带隙进行了研究。文中给出了一个由ZnO和MgF₂组成的一维光子晶体模型,并在此基础上详细讨论了光子晶体的周期数,对光子带隙的形状及震荡频率的影响,以及薄膜的厚度对光子带隙的带隙宽度、中心波长等的影响。讨论了在保持光子带隙的中心波长不变的情况下,通过改变两种薄膜的厚度使得带隙宽度达到最大值的条件,并且从物理机制上给出了相应的解释。当两种薄膜的折射率和厚度的乘积相等时,所获得的光子带隙最大,当这个乘积等于93 nm时,所获得的光子带隙的中心波长在385.05 nm处,带隙宽度为138.7 nm。     

苯二氮类药物地西泮的水相光解转化机制

模拟紫外光解和太阳光解水相中典型苯二氮?类镇静催眠药物地西泮，对其去除效率、转化产物及毒性进行了实验研究. 地西泮可以被紫外光（波长254 nm）有效去除，其紫外光解的光量子产率为2.32(0.17)10-3 mol/Einstein. 地西泮对模拟太阳光解（波长300~400 nm）具有较强的稳定性，在90 min光照时间内无任何降解. 采用高分辨飞行时间质谱监测到65个地西泮紫外光解产物，其中49个紫外光解产物在电喷雾离子化正模式下检出，16个在负模式下检出. 根据产物鉴定的结果和光解反应的特性，地西泮在紫外光解作用下可能会发生8种转化途径，反应机制主要包括羟基取代反应、水解反应、脱甲基反应、脱苯基反应、七元杂环开环反应以及环化反应. 通过计算毒理学模型预测，生成的主要紫外光解产物对鱼、水蚤和绿藻的水生生物毒性增加.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.