抗三尖杉酯碱的HL60细胞蛋白质磷酸化

研究了抗三尖杉酯碱的ＨＬ６０细胞蛋白质磷酸化的变化。经差速离心得到纯膜蛋白，抗性细胞有一高度磷酸化的１１０ｋｕ的蛋白质存在，免疫沉淀ｃ－ＫＡＦ－１蛋白激酶，抗性细胞内ｃ－ＲＡＦ－１蛋白激酶磷酸化程度明显提高，其活性被蛋白激酶Ｃ抑制剂ＣａｌｐｈｏｓｔｉｎＣ明显地抑制。结果表明：ＨＬ６０细胞对三尖杉酯碱的抗药性与蛋白质高度磷酸化有关；抗性细胞内ｃ－ＲＡＦ－１蛋白激酶磷酸化程度明显提高，可能与多药抗药性和抗细胞调亡有关。     

抗猪脂肪细胞膜蛋白抗体的制备及测定

猪屠宰后,立刻取其背部皮下脂肪组织在37℃膜萃取液中匀浆,用差速离心法和密度梯度离心法提取脂肪细胞膜蛋白,经SDS-PAGE分析,背部脂肪细胞膜蛋白与其他组织细胞膜蛋白具有较大差异,但也有一些相同的膜蛋白.以猪背部脂肪细胞膜蛋白为抗原,免疫雄性家兔,制备抗猪脂肪细胞膜蛋白血清,经酶联免疫反应(ELISA)测定,血清效价达到1:12800.同样,用ELISA和Western-blotting测定抗体与其他组织细胞膜的交叉反应,结果显示:抗猪脂肪细胞膜抗体与其他组织细胞膜有交叉反应,但反应性不高.     

50 ku keratin-like protein and -microtublin coexist in higher plant cells

IF-like proteins have been obtained from suspension cells of Nicotiana tabacum by selective extraction. Western blot analysis shows that the major components of IF-like proteins are 6 keratin-like proteins of 64, 58, 55, 54, 50 and 45 ku. Specially the 50 ku protein also reacts with polyantibody against microtublin. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis shows that the 50 ku protein is composed of two different proteins and their amino acid sequences have been determined. Part of the sequence of one protein is identical to that of -microtublin and the other protein's sequence has no significant homologue, which should be a new sequence-unknown protein. These results suggest that 50 ku keratin-like protein and -microtublin coexist in higher plant cells, and that may lead to the phenomenon of co-distribution of IF and microtuble in plant cells.     

Cytoskeleton-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation involved in induction of differentiation in mouse melanoma cells

The malignancy of a cancer is due partly to its poor differentiation. Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is found to induce the highly malignant B16-BL6 mouse melanoma cells to differentiate to mature phenotypes. When Triton X-100 insoluble fraction of the differentiated cells is prepared and analyzed, tyrosine phosphorylation levels of three cytoskeleton-associated proteins (65, 60 and 53 ku respectively) are found to decrease dramatically. But no any change is found when phosphotyrosine contents of the cytosol fraction or the total cellular protein preparations are evaluated. It is concluded that cytoskeleton-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation may be involved in the control of differentiation of cancer cells. The decrease of phosphotyrosine contents of cytoskeleton-associated proteins may be one of the important mechanisms underlying the differentiation induction of cancer cells by anticancer agents.     

50 ku keratin-like protein and β-microtublin coexist in higher plant cells

IF-like proteins have been obtained from suspension cells of Nicotiana tabacum by selective extraction. Western blot analysis shows that the major components of IF-like proteins are 6 keratin-like proteins of 64, 58, 55, 54, 50 and 45 ku. Specially the 50 ku ptotein also reacts with polyantibody against microtublin. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis shows that the 50 ku protein is composed of two different proteins and their amino acid sequences have been determined. Part of the sequence of one protein is identical to that of β-microtublin and the other protein's sequence has no significant homologue, which should be a new sequence-unknown protein. These results suggest that 50 ku keratin-like protein and β-microtublin coexist in higher plant cells, and that may lead to the phenomenon of co-distribution of IF and microtuble in plant cells.     

A proteome-wide screen identifies valosin-containing protein as an essential regulator of podocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress

To investigate proteins expressed in the renal tissue of the passive Heymann nephritis (pHN) rat model,we prepared pHN rat models with anti-FxA1 serum and analyzed the proteins differentially expressed in the kidney tissue with label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.We then analyzed in depth the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related protein using an online bioinformatics platform.Forty-one differential proteins and their annotations were obtained.Gene Ontology (GO) function analysis showed that 16 proteins were involved in cellular metabolism and 22 were proteins related to catalytic activity,including protein folding or ATPase.Protein-GO networks indicated that VCP could interact with the ERS marker HSPa5,with both involved in a single pathway.On inhibition of podocyte VCP by RNAi under normal conditions,the HSPa5 expression level did not change,but when the cell was subjected to ERS by tunicamycin,HSPa5 expression significantly increased with RNAi of VCP when compared with the tunicamycin-treated group.Our results showed that ERS plays an important role in podocyte injury of membranous nephropathy and is mediated by an HSPa5-VCP signaling pathway,in which the most predominant proteins are those related to cellular metabolism and catalytic activity.     

N-terminal of L protein of vesicular stomatitis virus contains a new signal sequence

The L protein (241kD) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is the most important snbnnit of the replication complex. The existence of specific localization signal in the L protein was investigated by making recombinant constructs expressing truncated mutants of the L protein fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) in transient transfection assays. The chimeric genes encoding varied N-terminal of L and GFP gene were put under the control of T7 promoter or CMV promoter. The fusion proteins were transiently expressed in BHK-21, COS-7, CHO or Hep G2 cells. When more than 120 residues were deleted or only 96 residues were kept on the N-terminal, the fusion proteins were shown to be distributed throughout the cells, cytoplasm and nucleus under the confocal microscope. However, other chimeric proteins with 120 or more amino acids were dotted and distributed in the perinuclear regions. And the fusion protein with 96—120 aa has the similar distribution. A thirteen-residue peptide QGYSFLHEVDKEA (108—120) was identified as localization signal, whose function would be absolutely distributed with the deficiency of D or V. Our results show that there is an independent localizing signal in N-terminal domain of L protein of VSV and this functional signal is conserved in different cell lines.     

蛋白激酶C活性下降对Ha-ras基因表达及其调控序列结合蛋白的影响

愈益增多的研究表明,蛋白激酶C(PKC)在细胞增殖和转化调控中占有重要位置,一些癌基因产物影响细胞增殖和转化与肌醇脂代谢信号通路,特别是与PKC活性密切有关;ras癌基因就是其中之一。在ras抗性细胞株内只有当PKC活性超过某一阈值时,ras基因产物才能表现出其转化细胞的能力,并且这种转化能力需要PKC的激活;Hsiao等发现稳定表达PKC的细胞系更易被活化的Ha-ras基因转化。上述实验表明PKC和ras癌基因在转化细胞的过程中表现出最佳的协同效应。但ras基因和PKC之间精确的作用机制至     

植物细胞钙靶蛋白的研究进展

简述了植物细胞的钙离子调控过程，对钙调蛋白、钙调磷酸酶B类蛋白和钙离子依赖型蛋白质激酶3类钙靶蛋白的最新研究进展进行了综述。     

Cloning and expression of the Chinese wheat mosaic virus RNA2 coat protein readthrough and 19 ku cysteinerich domains and localization of these proteins

The 5′-terminal (RTn) and 3′-terminal (RTc) halves of the coat protein readthrough domain and the 19 ku cysteine-rich protein of Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) were amplified by RT-PCR, cloned and expressed in E. coli. Antisera and monoclonal antibodies against these proteins were prepared by immunising these purified proteins to mice. Detection of RTn, RTc and 19 ku proteins in CWMV infected wheat sap and leaf tissue indicated that the RTn and RTc proteins were distributed on the surface of virus particles whereas the 19 ku protein was in the cytoplasm of the infected wheat cells.     

热休克蛋白的研究进展

在不利的环境中,各种有机体都有其共同对应的分子反应,即正常基因的表达抑制和一组特殊基因——热休克基因的激活和表达,导致热休克蛋白的大量产生,热休克蛋白主要作为分子伴侣而参与蛋白质的折叠、转运及组装等过程,能恢复或加速清除细胞内已变性的蛋白质而稳定细胞结构,细胞产生热耐受。随着对热休克蛋白研究的不断深入,在生物工程和医学等方面的应用前景十分广阔。     

一种适用于胡杨叶片非变性蛋白质提取的方法

为探索适用于胡杨叶片非变性蛋白质的提取方法,以采自内蒙古额济纳旗天然胡杨林中胡杨成熟叶片为材料,采用咪唑法、Bis-Tris法、Tris-HCl法和新构建的Tris-SSAD法4种非变性蛋白质提取策略,分别用于提取胡杨叶片蛋白质样品;随后进行第一维非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(1~(st)-DE:Native-PAGE)。相比之下,只有Tris-SSAD法获得了清晰、条带数目较多的Native-PAGE图谱,且结合第二维变性凝胶电泳(2~(nd)-DE:SDS-PAGE)可成功分离出较多蛋白质复合体亚基或相互作用蛋白质分子,证明了Tris-SSAD法非变性温和提取特性。研究建立并优化了适用于胡杨叶片的非变性蛋白质提取方法,为后续进一步分析蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用及蛋白质复合体功能提供了实验基础。     

hASB-8相互作用蛋白的初步研究

hASB-8基因是对肿瘤细胞生长具有明显抑制作用的人类新基因．其编码蛋白属于人ASB蛋白家族中的一个成员,与小鼠中的ASB-8蛋白同源性达96％．保守结构域分析显示hASB-8在N端包含4个Ankyrin repeats,在C端包含了一个SOCS box．利用酵母双杂交技术,筛选了人的胎盘(Placenta)cDNA文库,获得了与KASB-8相互作用的2个蛋白,Elongin C和CDK4 binding protein;并在二倍体酵母体内进行了验证．这些试验提示hASB-8蛋白可能介导肿瘤细胞中靶蛋白和泛素复合体之间的相互作用,并与肿瘤细胞靶蛋白转录调节有关．     

The expression of N-cadherin /catenins /actin complex in human lung normal and carcinoma cells

The difference between human normal and carcinoma lung cells was studied with regard to the protein expression level and localization of the cadherin/catenin/actin complex. Results demonstrated that normal lung cell RF expressed high levels of N-cadherin, β-catenin, α-catenin. These 3 proteins were colocalized at AJs and their submembrane adhesion plaques where they link the Rho-phalloidin-positive actin stress fibers, indicating the existence of N-cadherin/catenin/actin complexes at the AJs. Aberrant expression of AJ proteins and the actin cytoskelecton in carcinoma PG cells was observed: (1) inhibition of N-cadherin and to a degree of inhibition of α-catenin protein expression; (2) varied protein modification of β-catenin in cytoplasm soluble fraction and altered distribution of immunofluorescence: majorly in the cytoplasm and minorly on the membrane; (3) disassembly of actin stress fibers and formation of actin bodies in the cytoplasm. The data suggest that inhibited expression of AJ proteins is correlated with the disruption of the AJ complexes and the actin cytoskeleton in carcinoma PG cells, and responsible for its metastasis behaviors.     

癌症相关促凋亡蛋白Par-4的信号转导途径预测研究

利用支持向量机(SVM)技术构建Par-4关联的蛋白质相互作用网络,预测出与Par-4有相互作用的蛋白质82个;这些蛋白质按照功能划分为8大类,主要包括:蛋白激酶、泛素化蛋白酶、死亡受体相关因子、与细胞周期或DNA复制相关蛋白质、调节蛋白质、与疾病相关蛋白质、具有特定结构域结合蛋白质和其他蛋白质等。结合文献挖掘和数据库检索信息,推断出了Par-4的2条可能新的信号转导途径。首次预测到Par-4与一大类泛素化蛋白有密切的关系。研究发现,Par-4与多种蛋白质具有复杂的相互作用,并且,在多个细胞凋亡途径中扮演了重要角色。     

利用质谱技术鉴定寨卡病毒非结构蛋白NS1的细胞内相互作用蛋白

寨卡病毒(Zika Virus)属于黄病毒科中的黄病毒属,虽然很早就已经被人类所发现,但是一直到2015年在南美巴西的大规模爆发,才引起了广泛的关注.寨卡病毒对人类的感染往往引起包括小头畸形和格林-巴利综合征在内的多种症状.寨卡病毒的基因组为单链正链RNA,其基因组可以编码翻译并剪切加工出3个结构蛋白,分别为膜蛋白,囊膜蛋白和核衣壳蛋白,以及7个非结构蛋白(NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5).相关研究已经证明,NS1蛋白与同属黄病毒属的登革病毒的发病有紧密的联系,而且根据其蛋白结构推测其可能与寨卡病毒穿越血脑屏障有关.因此鉴别NS1与细胞内的相互作用蛋白对于发现寨卡病毒在细胞内的转运,转录,以及装配都有重大的意义.在此,该课题构建并在HEK293细胞中表达包含Flag和Strep两种标签的NS1融合蛋白,通过免疫沉淀的方法将与NS1结合的蛋白利用标签蛋白进行分离,利用高分辨生物质谱技术,对蛋白进行分析鉴定.通过分别带有Flag与Strep标签的相互作用蛋白分析,发现了16个两种标签共同的结合蛋白,其进一步的通路分析证明这些蛋白于与病毒转录、病毒复制和免疫反应多个通路有关,相关的研究结果为今后进一步研究寨卡病毒的复制机制以及开发抗病毒药物提供了重要的参考价值.     

PDIA3对人Jurkat T细胞TCR信号通路的调控

为了研究蛋白质二硫键异构酶A3前体(protein disulfide isomerase A3 precursor, PDIA3)在T细胞受体(T cell receptor, TCR)信号通路中的具体功能,利用电穿孔法将T 细胞内的PDIA3蛋白水平敲低,通过Western blotting检测ζ-链相关蛋白70(zeta-chain associated protein 70, ZAP70)的磷酸化修饰水平, 酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)实验检测细胞因子IL-2的分泌情况,流式细胞术分析分化抗原簇69(cluster of differentiation 69, CD69)表达水平及荧光素酶报告基因检测NF-κB信号通路.结果显示:T细胞中PDIA3蛋白下调后导致ZAP70蛋白的磷酸化水平、CD69表达和IL-2的分泌都明显降低,并且影响了NF-κB信号通路,表明PDIA3蛋白对T细胞的活化有促进作用,参与T细胞TCR信号通路的调控,为进一步深入研究PDIA3与TCR下游一些功能蛋白的相互作用打下了基础.     

人肝癌细胞骨架网络系统的初步研究

利用ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００及其联合（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４的抽提技术与ＣｏｏｍａｓｉｅｂｌｕｅＲ２５０染色、免疫酶标技术相结合，体外实验比较研究人肝癌细胞系（ＨｅｐＧ２）细胞骨架网络的分布构像及其中间纤维蛋白构型。结果：人肝癌细胞系（ＨｅｐＧ２）显示其细胞骨架网络的分布构像及其中间纤维对Ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ、Ｋｅｒａｔｉｎ两种抗体均呈现阳性反应。结论：恶性肿瘤细胞的中间纤维蛋白构型可能具有异质性的蛋白分子共表达，这对仅以ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００加（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４的抽提技术进行恶性肿瘤细胞中间纤维蛋白构型分析，是一个必需考虑的问题。     

氧化还原因子-1的原核表达纯化及其活性鉴定

为建立氧化还原因子-1(Ref-1)的原核表达系统,将经过酶切后的人源Ref-1编码片段定向克隆到pGEX-4T-3载体上,构建了pGEX-4T-3/Ref-1原核表达载体,重组质粒转化至BL21(DE3)工程菌,异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导重组工程菌表达可溶性融合蛋白,谷胱甘肽琼脂糖凝胶4B(Glutathione Sepha-rose 4B)亲和纯化重组蛋白,透析后用聚乙二醇8000(PEG8000)浓缩,获得纯度达92%的融合蛋白,产率为3.7 mg/L,融合蛋白占菌体总蛋白的6.8%.蛋白质印迹(Western blot)显示该蛋白可以被抗体特异性识别,证实其为GST-Ref-1融合蛋白.GST-Ref-1蛋白体外增强了激活蛋白-1(AP-1)的DNA结合能力,并能拮抗H2O2造成的AP-1氧化损伤.