酢浆草红花色素的提取及理化性质研究

从酢浆草红花中提取一种酒红色色素,并对酢浆草红花色素的提取方法,提取剂的选择及其理化性质进行研究.实验结果表明,酢浆草红花色素提取的最佳工艺条件是以微酸性95﹪乙醇为浸取剂,浸取温度50℃,料液比1∶30,浸取时间4.5 h.酢浆草红花色素的最大吸收波长为530 nm,在酸性条件下都能稳定存在,有较好的耐热性,但不耐光照,Mg2 、Ca2 、Na 、Cu2 、Al3 、Zn2 等离子对该色素无不良影响,而Fe2 、Fe3 金属离子对色素影响较大,且耐氧化能力一般,耐还原能力较弱.苯甲酸﹑蔗糖﹑葡萄糖﹑食盐等食品添加剂的加入对色素影响较小.     

枸杞色素的提取及稳定性研究

以石油醚为提取溶剂,对新疆枸杞中色素的提取工艺进行研究．本实验得到的最佳提取工艺：固料比1：23,提取温度85℃,提取时间3h．提取的枸杞色素外观呈橙红色浸膏,在波长445nm处有最大吸收峰．研究了不同光照时间、温度、pH值、氧化剂、金属离子等对枸杞色素稳定性的影响．     

树莓色素的提取及稳定性研究

对树莓色素的提取方法以及光、热、氧化剂H2O2、还原剂Na2SO3，食品添加剂，常见金属离子等对其稳定性的影响进行了研究。结果表明树莓色素有较好的光热稳定性，常见食品添加剂和常见金属离子对其稳定性无明显影响。     

一种血红密孔菌色素提取工艺优化及稳定性研究

以一株含有大量红色色素的野生血红密孔菌子实体为试验材料,以提取温度、乙醇体积分数、提取时间3个因素为指标对其进行了色素提取工艺优化,并对该子实体色素的稳定性进行了研究.其结果表明:血红密孔菌子实体色素的最佳提取工艺条件为:提取温度为85℃,乙醇体积分数为70%,提取时间为80min,色素含量3.84 mg/g.色素稳定性研究表明,该色素对温度、氧化剂、还原剂、金属离子等的稳定性较好,在食品、工业中具有较大的开发利用价值,值得更加深入的研究.     

紫色甘薯红色素的提取及性质研究

对紫色甘薯红色素的提取条件及理化性质的研究结果表明,用1∶ 1的0.1 mol/L HCl-体积分数为95%乙醇在50 ℃恒温浸取4 h,提取效率较好.紫色甘薯红色素属花青苷类色素,pH值对色素的色泽影响明显,在酸性条件下色泽稳定且具有良好的热稳定性;光照加快色素降解.金属离子Na 、Mg2 、Ca2 、Al3 、Cu2 、Pb2 、Zn2 对色素色泽无影响,而Fe3 、Sn4 有不良影响.紫色甘薯色素还具有一定的抗氧化能力.蔗糖、葡萄糖和食盐等添加剂对色素色泽无影响.     

超声波提取菠萝皮色素及其稳定性研究

用正交试验对菠萝皮色素的超声提取工艺进行了筛选,并研究光照、温度、pH值、金属离子及常见添加剂等对其稳定性的影响.结果表明,提取的最佳工艺为:80%乙醇为提取剂,pH4.6,超声功率350W,超声时间20min,料液比1:10(mL:g);在此条件下,菠萝皮色素的最大吸收波长为280nm.菠萝皮色素稳定性较好,耐光耐热;在酸性环境中比较稳定;有较强的抗氧化性;抗坏血酸、金属离子Fe2+和Cu2+ 对该色素稳定性影响显著.     

构树果色素试验研究

本文研究构树果色素的提取以及温度，ＰＨ，光，食品中常见的几种金属离子和添加剂对构树果色素稳定性的影响，为构树果色素的开发应用提供依据。     

黑果枸杞色素最优提取工艺条件研究

本文通过单因素实验和正交实验,以提取物中色素含量为考察指标,对影响色素提取效果的各因素进行了研究。结果表明各因素对黑果枸杞色素提取效果的影响程度依次为:乙醇浓度 >固液配比〉浸提温度〉浸提时间。确定了黑果枸杞色素的最佳提取工艺条件为以pH3. 0的 80%乙醇做浸提剂,提取温度 50℃,提取时间 3h,固液比 1∶40。制取的色素产品外观呈紫红色,色价为 4. 59。     

黑甜玉米色素的提取及其稳定性的研究

对黑甜玉米色素的提取试验结果表明,该色素提取的较优条件为：浸提剂为0．1mol／LHCl溶液,配料比为1：10,提取温度为70℃,提取时间为12h。水溶性色素,在酸性条件下稳定,最大吸收波长为445nm。该色素pH〈5时,热稳定、光稳定性较好。蔗糖、葡萄糖、抗坏血酸等对色素没有影响。除了Fe^3＋,其他金属离子对色素无影响。     

响应面优化枸杞色素提取工艺及稳定性研究

以宁夏枸杞为原料,通过Box-Behnken试验设计研究提取时间、料液比及浸提温度对枸杞素浸提效果的影响,建立各影响因素的回归方程,并通过响应面分析法优化,得到了枸杞色素的最佳浸提条件:料液比为1:9、温度为38℃、时间为2.5h.进一步研究光照、温度、酸、碱、金属离子对枸杞色素稳定性的影响.结果表明:对日光不稳定,避光保存较稳定;在高温下不稳定;在碱性环境中较稳定;对金属离子如Fe3,Fe2+,Cu2+等不稳定,而K+,Na+对其影响较小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.