P33INGlb蛋白的结构及其基因分子生物学

生长抑制因子-1(Inhibitor of growth 1,INGI)是最近发现的一种Ⅱ型抑癌基因,其中P33INGlb是ING1基因的主要转录产物以及重要的抑癌基因,将P33INGlb基因正义表达载体转染入正常双倍体成纤维细胞,可抑制细胞生长,而P33INGlb的反义表达载体可促进细胞的恶性转化,P33INGlb的这些生物学特性与其特殊结构关系很大,本文就P33INGlb蛋白及其各种结构的基因生物学机制进行综述。     

P33INGIb蛋白的结构及其基因分子生物学

生长抑制因子-1(Inhibitor of growth 1,INGI)是最近发现的一种Ⅱ型抑癌基因,其中P33INGIb璐是ING1基因的主要转录产物以及重要的抑癌基因,将P33INGIb基因正义表达载体转染入正常双倍体成纤维细胞,可抑制细胞生长,而P33INGIb的反义表达载体可促进细胞的恶性转化,P33INGIb的这些生物学特性与其特殊结构关系很大,本文就P33INGIb蛋白及其各种结构的基因生物学机制进行综述.     

抑癌基因与原癌基因在正常细胞与癌细胞中的表达水平与甲基化比较

选取抑癌基因和癌基因转录起始位点和转录终止位点上下2000bp,研究它们在癌细胞和正常细胞中甲基化分布差别,结果表明抑癌基因在癌细胞比正常细胞甲基化分布高,并且抑癌基因甲基化分布集中于转录起始位点前后1000bp,而原癌基因的甲基化分布要比抑癌基因的分布广.然后又对每个抑癌基因和原癌基因转录起始位点和转录终止位点的甲基化水平进行了研究,找出了在所选的癌细胞比正常细胞甲基化高的抑癌基因RUNX3,WT1,发现它们都是转录因子且生物学功能相似.     

牡蛎低分子活性肽BPO-L对人肺腺癌A549细胞周期和相关癌基因、抑癌基因表达的调控作用

采用酸抽提、凝胶柱层析等方法,从僧帽牡蛎体内分离提取到牡蛎低分子活性多肽组分BPO-L,以HMBA处理组为平行对照,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化及以免疫细胞化学方法检测相关癌基因、抑癌基因表达变化.研究BPO-L对人肺腺癌A549细胞分化的生物学效应,探索其对肺癌细胞的作用机理.实验结果显示,BPO-L能有效抑制A549细胞增殖活动,促使细胞阻滞于G0/G1期.在此过程中,A549细胞c-myc,MTp53等癌基因蛋白表达减弱,p21WAF1/CIP1和Rb等抑癌基因蛋白表达活性的增强.本研究证实BPO-L对肺癌细胞具有显著的诱导分化作用.其诱导癌细胞分化机理与其调节和干预c-myc、MTp53等癌基因与p21WAF1/CIP1和Rb等抑癌基因的表达有关.     

胃癌下调新基因GDDR表达特性及功能研究

明确胃癌下调新基因GDDR的亚细胞定位、分泌特性及生物学功能研究.与绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)融合表达明确GDDR表达产物亚细胞定位;GES细胞系转染上清检测分泌蛋白表达;胃癌7901细胞系稳定转染GDDR,观察其生物学作用.发现GDDR表达产物定位于胞浆,是一分泌蛋白.四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT assay)检测描绘生长曲线及流式细胞计数仪(FACS)细胞周期检测表明,GDDR对胃癌7901细胞增值显著抑制(96 h(1.233±0.017) vs (0.618±0.015), t =2.447, P =2.63×10-9),并且可以引起细胞的周期阻滞.说明胃癌下调新基因GDDR产物为胞浆分布,具有分泌特性,能通过阻滞细胞周期显著抑制胃癌细胞生长,可能为新的候选抑癌基因.     

癌基因与抑癌基因

癌基因和抑癌基因都存在于正常的细胞中,癌基因可以通过病毒感染,非病毒因子诱发等多种途径被激活,然后诱导触发一系列与细胞生长分化有关的基因表达,从而至病,抑癌基因的丢失,突变,失活,也会导致细胞的癌变。     

HMBA对人成骨肉瘤MG-63细胞增殖和相关基因表达的影响

研究了环六亚甲基双乙酰胺对人成骨肉瘤MG-63细胞的增殖和相关基因表达的影响.实验结果表明HMBA可明显抑制MG-63细胞的增殖,细胞生长抑制率达50.69%,分裂指数抑制率达58.8%,增殖细胞核抗原的表达降低,细胞周期被阻滞在G0/G1期.免疫细胞化学染色结果显示,经HMBA处理之后,与增殖分化调控有关的癌基因c-myc、c-fos、c-erbB-2、mtp53的表达降低、抑癌基因p21WAF1/CIP1、p16、rb的表达升高.研究结果表明,HMBA能够有效抑制人成骨肉瘤MG-63细胞的增殖活动,其对细胞增殖的抑制作用与HMBA下调c-myc、c-fos、c-erbB-2、mtp53等癌基因以及上调p21WAF1/CIP1、p16、rb等抑癌基因的表达,从而调控细胞周期有重要关系.     

人类K562细胞系中组蛋白修饰的调控分析

利用10种组蛋白修饰和1种组蛋白变体的ChIP-seq数据,统计了K562细胞系和GM12878细胞系中11种组蛋白修饰在癌基因启动子区域的分布.比较了两个细胞系中致癌基因和抑癌基因启动子区域的组蛋白修饰分布密度,并计算了11种组蛋白修饰与基因表达的相关性,分别在致癌基因和抑癌基因中构建了组蛋白修饰和基因表达的多元线性回归方程,从而发现K562细胞系中癌症发生过程中组蛋白修饰的调控特征.最后对K562细胞系中超级增强子调控的致癌基因和抑癌基因进行GO功能分析,研究这些基因的生物学功能,进一步找出K562细胞系中癌症发生的5个关键基因GATA1、GATA2、H3F3B、LYL1和SH_2B3.     

抗氧化剂Isoverbascoside对MGC80-3细胞抗氧化酶活性和癌基因表达的影响

以苔酚蓝拒染法、核黄素-NBT还原法、DTNB还原法及RNA斑点杂交分析法分别对经不同浓度Isoverbascoside(Isov)处理的MGC80-3 细胞的生长速率、II期抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶)活性和N-ras、C-m yc及p53 基因表达作了检测.结果显示:经Isov处理后,细胞生长明显受抑;II期抗氧化酶活性较处理前明显上升;癌基因N-ras、C-m yc的表达较处理前下降,而抑癌基因p53 表达上升. 表明Isov 的抑癌作用与诱导II期抗氧化酶活性升高和癌基因表达改变有关     

敲低EYA3基因抑制人视网膜母细胞瘤WERI-Rb-1细胞的生长

为了探讨人眼缺失基因(EYA3)在人视网膜母细胞瘤发生发展中的生物学作用,构建了EYA3小干扰RNA (siRNA)的真核表达载体,并验证敲低效果和观察其对人视网膜母细胞瘤WERI-Rb-1细胞生长的影响.根据人EYA3的cDNA序列,将设计含有小发卡结构的寡核苷酸序列克隆到siRNA表达载体上;将重组质粒转染HEK293T细胞中,通过实时定量RT-PCR及Western印迹检测EYA3基因的表达水平;重组质粒稳定转染人视网膜母细胞瘤WERI-Rb-1细胞并利用生长曲线检测EYA3对其生长的影响.结果表明:构建的siRNA能够抑制EYA3基因的表达,生长曲线验证EYA3 siRNA基因能抑制人视网膜母细胞瘤WERI-Rb-1细胞的生长.最后结论是EYA3 siRNA能够抑制人视网膜母细胞瘤WERI-Rb-1细胞的生长,本实验为进一步研究EYA3在视网膜母细胞瘤中的功能奠定了基础.     

人白血病抑制因子真核表达载体的构建及在哺乳动物细胞中的表达

应用RT-PCR方法从人子宫内膜组织总RNA扩增出hLIF的全长基因,然后将其克隆至pcDNA3上,成功构建了重组真核表达载体pcDNA3/hLIF.利用脂质体介导将这一表达载体导入COS-7细胞和CHO-K1细胞,分别获得了hLIF的瞬时表达和稳定表达,为进一步进行hLIF生物学功能研究和hLIF在哺乳动物细胞中的高表达研究奠定了基础.     

Anti-angiogenesis effect of generation 4 polyamidoamine/vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on breast cancer in vitro

Objective: To study the effects of the generation 4 polyamidoamine/vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN) compound on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its mRNA of breast cancer cells and on the inhibition of vascular endothelial cells. Methods: We examined the morphology of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN compound and its pH stability, in vitro transfection efficiency and toxicity, and the expressions of VEGF and its mRNA. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to detect the inhibitory function of the compound on vascular endothelial cells. Results: The compound was about 10 nm in diameter and was homogeneously netlike. From pH 5 to 10, it showed quite a buffered ability. The 48-h transfection rate in the charge ratio of 1:40 was 98.76%, significantly higher than that of the liposome group (P<0.05). None of the transfection products showed obvious toxicity on the cells. The expressions of both VEGF protein and its mRNA after G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN transfection decreased markedly. Conclusion: With a low toxicity, high safety, and high transfection rate, G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN could be a promising gene vector. Specifically, it inhibits VEGF gene expression efficiently, laying a basis for further in vivo animal studies.     

人PSF真核表达载体构建及其在CHO细胞中的表达

目的是构建人PSF基因真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-PSF,并在检测其在CHO细胞株中的表达情况。应用DNA重组技术和PCR方法从人宫颈癌Hela细胞中扩增PSF基因,插入pEGFP-N1真核表达载体,构建重组质粒pEGFP-N1-PSF并测序鉴定。将pEGFP-N1-PSF瞬时转染CHO细胞,通过Western blot和RT-PCR方法检测PSF的表达,荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白表达。结果 CHO细胞转染pEGFP-N1-PSF真核表达载体后,RT-PCR和Western blot实验发现,在RNA和蛋白水平有PSF的表达,在荧光显微镜下可以观察到融合蛋白EGFP/PSF的表达。成功构建pEGFP-N1-PSF真核表达载体,证实其在CHO细胞中可以表达。     

基于低分子量PEI的不同疏水链修饰的梳状低聚物基因载体

为了探究基于低分子量聚乙烯亚胺(polyethylenimine, PEI)基因载体的转染效率,通过Michael加成反应将PEI 600 Da接枝于含有疏水链的生物可降解聚酯上形成系列梳状聚合物,并将之应用于基因载体;利用核磁氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱对聚合物的化学结构与分子量进行了测定,此外,还利用凝胶电泳实验和绿色荧光蛋白实验研究了聚合物与DNA的结合能力及其复合物的转染性能。结果表明：本文方法成功合成了系列低聚物,并对DNA表现出较好的包裹能力;油酸修饰后的低聚物与DNA复合物在质量比为6.4时转染效果与PEI 25 kDa相当。可见,油酸修饰后的脂质体低聚物有作为非病毒基因载体的前景。     

DLL1-ICD基因真核表达载体的构建及转染鉴定

通过克隆DLL1-ICD(Delta-like1细胞内区域)的cDNA及测序鉴定,构建pEGFP-C1-DLL-ICD真核表达载体并进行细胞转染,为研究Notch信号通路与Neuritin的关系奠定基础。首先根据小鼠全长DLL1 cDNA序列,设计DLL-ICD PCR引物,以小鼠胎脑cDNA文库为模板,利用PCR技术扩增DLL1-ICD cDNA。将扩增出的基因片段克隆至pEGFP-C1载体,进行DNA序列测定。并进一步将测序正确的pEGFP-C1-DLL1-ICD真核表达载体转染HEK293细胞。结果显示:成功克隆了DLL1-ICD的cDNA片段,测序结果与基因文库中的DLL1-ICD序列一致,并在转染真核细胞后获得了较好地表达。表明pEGFP-C1-DLL1-ICD真核表达载体构建成功,并在293细胞中成功表达了DLL1-ICD-EGFP融合蛋白。研究结果为进一步探讨Notch信号通路与神经系统疾病的分子机制奠定基础。     

High expression of human serum albumin in milk of trans- genie mice directed by the goat p-casein gene promoter region

We have constructed a mammary gland expression vector that contained the goat β-casein gene pro-moter, 5'upstream regulatory region, exons 1, 2, intron 1 as well as the human serum albumin (hALB) mini-gene (including the full-long sequences of hALB cDNA and its intron 1). Injection of the vector into mouse tail veins showed that the recombinant construct was expressed only in mammary glands. The vector was microinjected into the mouse fertilized eggs, followed by transferring the eggs into the foster mice. 33 F0 mice were obtained. Of the 33, 8 mice (5 , 3 ) were transgenic with hALB gene integration identified by PCR as well as Southern blot hybridization. The integration rate was 24.2% (8/33). Western blot analysis showed that 3 female transgenic mice had hALB expression in their milk. The hALB contents in milk reached 3.54, 0.21 and 3.03 g/L, respectively.     

Up-regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by cytochrome P450 arachidonic acid epoxygenase BM3F87V

Cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent metabolites of arachidonic acid, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), have been suggested to be an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). However, the interaction or relation between EDHF and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is still to be elucidated. In the present study, the regulation of eNOS by endogenous EDHF is examined. The cytochrome P450 epoxygenase BM3F87V is cloned into the mammalian expression vector pCB6. Cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) less than 4 passages are used and transfected with BM3F87V. The effects of endogenous EETs result from BM3F87V transfection on eNOS are assessed in the endothelial cells by Western blot and Northern blot, and eNOS activity is also measured by the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline. Compared to transfection with the empty pCB6 vector, transfection of BAECs with BM3F87V significantly elevates the levels of eNOS protein expression, which is markedly inhibited by treatment with CYP inhibitor 17-ODYA. BM3F87V transfection also elevates the eNOS mRNA level and increases the eNOS activity. This study suggests that EDHF up-regulates eNOS gene expression.     

High expression of human serum albumin in milk of transgenic mice directed by the goat β-casein gene promoter region

We have constructed a mammary gland expression vector that contained the goat β-casein gene promoter, 5′upstream regulatory region, exons 1,2, intron 1 as well as the human serum albumin (hALB) mini-gene (including the full-long sequences of hALB cDNA and its intron 1). Injection of the vector into mouse tail veins showed that the recombinant construct was expressed only in mammary glands. The vector was microinjected into the mouse fertilized eggs, followed by transferring the eggs into the foster mice. 33 F₀ mice were obtained. Of the 33, 8 mice (5♀, 3 ♂) were transgenic with hALB gene integration identified by PCR as well as Southern blot hybridization. The integration rate was 24.2% (8/33). Western blot analysis showed that 3 female transgenic mice had hALB expression in their milk. The hALB contents in milk reached 3.54, 0.21 and 3.03 g/L, respectively.     

一种非病毒载体的组成与体外转基因能力的研究

目的：合成羟丙基β-环糊精偶联小分子量聚乙烯亚胺的共聚物,探讨不同聚乙烯亚胺偶联率的共聚物缩合DNA的能力,探讨不同偶联率的阳离子共聚物组成与转基因效率的关系。方法：通过NMR表征,凝胶阻滞DNA试验考察其缩合DNA能力,以MTT法检测不同偶联率共聚物的细胞毒性。以不同的偶联率共聚物为载体,在不同的N/P比值条件下,将荧光素酶基因导入非洲绿猴肾细胞COS-7,通过荧光素酶的表达检测比较不同偶联率的共聚物转染效率。结果：合成的不同偶联率的共聚物缩合DNA能力不同,转染效率也不同。结论：聚乙烯亚胺偶联率较高的阳离子共聚物缩合DNA的能力较强,转染效率较高。