基于改进欧几里得聚类的激光雷达障碍物检测

针对传统的欧氏聚类算法无法同时对近处和远处的障碍物点云进行精准检测和分割,容易造成错检和漏检的情况,提出一种欧氏聚类算法的改进方法,可以根据点云与激光雷达之间的距离动态地选择阈值,从而快速且准确地完成聚类.实验表明:该方法能同时对近处和远处的障碍物点云进行快速且准确的聚类.     

团队创造力维度的构建:知识资本、思维风格与人格构成

创造力是团队原始创新的产生和发展的动力.创造力直接和间接的影响因素比较繁杂,目前缺乏对各因素之间逻辑关系的梳理和辨析.根据对心理学和管理学领域的文献研究及对专家的调研访谈,综合归纳了团队创造力的十个影响因素,并阐述各因素的内涵定义;根据各因素的内涵和作用建立因素间的关系模型,运用解析结构模型方法,通过级间分解将这些影响因素进行结构分类和维度构建;最后确定了团队创造力的3个维度,即知识资本、思维风格和人格构成,并阐述3个维度间的逻辑关系.     

低糖复合果酱的配方及其储藏期品质变化研究

为了研究风味和营养俱佳的低糖复合果酱,以新鲜的苹果、山楂和胡萝卜为原料,以原料比例、加糖量、复合增稠剂比例和浓缩时间为影响因素,通过单因素和正交试验确定最佳工艺配方.结果表明,低糖复合果酱最佳配方为:原料比例3:2:1(苹果:山楂:胡萝卜),加糖量20％,复合增稠剂比例1:1(果胶:黄原胶),浓缩时间18 min.在储藏6个月内,果酱的可溶性固形物和总糖含量呈下降趋势,酸度先增大后趋于稳定,菌落总数有所增加,均符合国家标准.另外,果酱储藏6个月内感官评分下降,在第6个月时,因营养成分发生变化引起口感不适.     

Hom-δ-Jordan李色代数的构造与交换扩张

构造了两类Hom-δ-Jordan李色代数,给出了Hom-δ-Jordan李色代数上交换扩张的概念,证明了Hom-δ-Jordan李色代数的等价交换扩张给出相同的表示.     

SAm级防撞活动护栏碰撞仿真分析

针对目前高速公路中央分隔带开口处活动护栏防撞等级较低的问题,提出了一种SAm级混凝土活动护栏及一种新型连接装置。基于有限元的方法,建立车辆与护栏的碰撞模型,通过LS-DYNA对车辆与护栏碰撞过程进行求解,根据不同车型的碰撞结果分别在缓冲,阻挡和导向性能上对护栏的安全性能进行评价,其中小型车辆与护栏碰撞后的OIV(Occupant Impact Velocity)值<12 m/s,ORA(Occupant Ridedown Acceleration)值<20 g且车辆没有驶出导向框;大型车辆与护栏碰撞后没有发生穿越、骑跨等现象且车辆没有驶出导向框,均满足护栏安全性能评价标准。     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

Microsatellite instability in gastric cancer: molecular bases,clinical perspectives,and new treatment approaches

Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with limited treatment options in both locally advanced and metastatic setting, resulting in poor prognosis. Based on genomic characterization, stomach tumour has recently been described as a heterogeneous disease composed by different subtypes, each of them with peculiar molecular aspects and specific clinical behaviour. With an incidence of 22% among all western gastric tumour cases, stomach cancer with microsatellite instability was identified as one of these subgroups. Retrospective studies and limited prospective trials reported differences between gastric cancers with microsatellite stability and those with instability, mainly concerning clinical and pathological features, but also in regard to immunological microenvironment, correlation with prognostic value, and responses to treatment. In particular, gastric cancer with microsatellite instability constitutes a small but relevant subgroup associated with older age, female sex, distal stomach location, and lower number of lymph-node metastases. Emerging data attribute to microsatellite instability status a favourable prognostic meaning, whereas the poor outcomes reported after perioperative chemotherapy administration suggest a detrimental role of cytotoxic drugs in this gastric cancer subgroup. The strong immunogenicity and the widespread expression of immune-checkpoint ligands make microsatellite instability subtype more vulnerable to immunotherapeutic approach, e.g., with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies. Since gastric cancer with microsatellite instability shows specific features and clinical behaviour not overlapping with microsatellite stable disease, microsatellite instability test might be suitable for inclusion in a diagnostic setting for all tumour stages to guarantee the most targeted and effective treatment to every patient.     

土壤肥料学实验课程的教学改革与实践

为全面培育卓越农林人才，提高教学培养质量，本研究结合土壤肥料学的课程内容、教学特点及实验方法，对存在的问题进行了剖析，并结合实际针对存在问题做出了相应改革，适时调整《土壤肥料学》实验课程内容和形式。通过删减验证性实验内容，增设综合性实验，传统部分教学内容实现网络化等三方面对该课程的实验课部分进行了改革与实践，以期提高学生综合运用所学《土壤肥料学》的相关知识来解决生产实际问题的能力。     

财政性科技经费监管体系探析

我国初步建立了财政性科技经费监管体系,但是在监督主体、监督制度等方面还存在缺陷,科技经费监督出现诸多问题。建立要加强宏观层面的统筹规划,建立由政府、承担单位和外部主体上下联动、横向联合的立体监督体系。