共价有机骨架/碳纳米管复合材料中锂离子吸附与传输特性的分子模拟

利用分子模拟方法对共价有机骨架 (covalent organic framework, COF)/碳纳米管(carbon nanotube, CNT) 复合材料 COF@CNT 中锂离子 (Li$^{+})$ 的吸附与传输特性开展研究, 明确了 Li$^{+}$ 的吸附位点与吸附顺序, 得到了相应的吸附能, 并观察 COF@CNT 的表观形貌变化. 当达到饱和吸附状态时, COF@CNT 的体积变化率仅为 0.25, 平均电压保持在 2.00 V 以上, 而理论容量则高达 1 402.47 mAh/g. 此外, Li$^{+}$ 在 COF@CNT 内部的电导率大于其在单纯 CNT 中电导率的实测值. 模拟结果可为此类体系的实际应用提供理论基础.     

基于共价有机框架的仿生光动力学治疗试剂的构建

共价有机框架（COF）是一类新兴的多孔有机聚合物，因其具有较大的比表面积、有序的孔道结构以及良好的生物相容性，已成为具有潜力的纳米药物载体.制备了基于COF纳米颗粒的仿生纳米复合物，负载光敏剂孟加拉玫瑰红（RB），并包裹癌细胞膜（CMV）对该复合物进行仿生修饰.结果表明：制备的COF/RB@CMV纳米复合物具有良好的生物兼容性，能够被肿瘤细胞有效摄取，并在光照激活条件下产生对细胞具有高毒性的活性氧化物（ROS），进而起到了杀伤肿瘤细胞的作用.提出了一种新的基于COF的仿生纳米平台用作光动力学治疗（PDT）试剂.     

高盐、高浓度有机废水蒸发特性实验

 搭建废水动态蒸发实验装置，对精细化工行业常见的蒸氨废水、颜料生产废水开展蒸发分离实验研究以获得废水蒸发特性，为实际蒸发系统设计提供基础数据支持。结果表明：废水的沸点升高随浓缩倍数的增加而逐渐上升，来自不同工艺段的蒸氨废水、颜料生产废水由于浓度差别，在相同的浓缩倍数下沸点升高略有不同；在蒸发过程中，颜料生产废水蒸发冷凝液的COD随着蒸发的进行逐渐降低；不同种类废水蒸发冷凝液的TDS与pH值变化规律大致相同，受原液中易挥发物质及夹带液滴的影响较大，随着浓缩倍数的增加先减小后趋于恒定。     

Zr-xNb-4Sn alloys with low Young’s modulus and magnetic susceptibility for biomedical implants

The microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of Zr–x (8, 9, 10, wt.%)Nb–4Sn alloys were investigated to obtain novel Zr-based alloy with low Young’s modulus and magnetic susceptibility for biomedical implants. After homogenization annealing, hot forging and solution annealing, Zr–8Nb–4Sn, Zr–9Nb–4Sn and Zr–10Nb–4Sn alloys were composed of β+α″ phase, β+α″ phase, β+ω phase, respectively. The temperature at which the α" and ω phase were transformed into β phase during the heating process was about 200 ​°C, and the phase transformation temperature decreased with the increase of Nb element. Among all the Zr–x (x ​= ​8,9,10)Nb–4Sn(wt.%) alloys, Zr–9Nb–4Sn alloy had the lowest Young's modulus of 46.6 ​GPa and the low magnetic susceptibility of 1.294 ​× ​10⁻⁶ cm³g⁻¹, which has a good application prospect for biomedical applications.     

隧道爆破力学模型相似材料配比的正交试验

以砂岩作为模拟对象,研究满足隧道爆破力学模型试验要求的相似材料配比问题.基于正交试验法,选取石英砂、重晶石粉、石膏、水泥和水为相似材料,设置以石英砂/固体、水泥/石膏、重晶石粉/(重晶石粉+石英砂)的质量比为3个因素,每个因素3个水平,共9组配比的正交试验方案.通过室内试验,得到相似材料的密度、单轴抗压强度、弹性模量和声波波速的实测数据.试验结果表明:相似材料的物理力学参数分布范围较广,可满足不同隧道模型试验对相似材料的配比要求.利用极差敏感分析法分析各因素对相似材料参数的敏感性,并通过各因素对相似材料参数影响的直观分析图,分析各因素对相似材料物理力学参数的影响规律.对试验数据进行多元线性回归分析和室内试验,发现最优配合比下的相似材料与原型砂岩的单轴应力-应变曲线具有相似的脆性破坏特征;相似材料物理力学参数的设计值和实测值误差较小.     

大尺寸工程模型试验中的相似材料配比试验研究

大型物理模型试验是研究复杂工程问题的重要方法，如何快速、准确地确定相似材料配比是试验中至关重要的一环.为降低试验成本、简化试验步骤、充分调用原料性能，采用河砂、水泥和石膏这三种最普通的原料，以骨胶比(河砂与水泥石膏的质量比)和水膏比(水泥与石膏的质量比)为变量，进行了45组对比试验，对相似材料的物理及动、静力学参数进行了研究.获得了以河砂、水泥和石膏为原料配制的相似材料各物理量的变化区间；探讨了骨胶比和水膏比对相似材料各物理量的控制作用，并对比了其敏感性；基于多元线性回归分析建立了各因素与物理量间的定量关系，得到的拟合公式能较好地描述相似材料的性质.     

Recent advances and challenges in materials for 3D bioprinting

3D bioprinting has been developed as a promising technology in a wide variety of biomedical applications. However, the successful implementation of bioprinting is still heavily restricted by the relatively narrow range of printable and biocompatible materials. Recently, many comprehensive reviews of the main bioprinting methods, commonly used bioprinting materials and the trending bioprinting applications have been carried out. In this review, we focused on the trends in the development of materials for 3D bioprinting. The significance and recent advances of ECM-based materials, multi-material and stimuli-responsive materials for bioprinting were summarized successively. Moreover, the challenges in current studies and future perspectives of materials for 3D bioprinting were discussed.     

公安院校《有机物检验技术》课程研发探究

目前公安院校刑事技术相关课程体系还存在诸多问题,课程科目重合、基础知识单薄、教学内容滞后,远远不能满足一线公安的实战要求.根据教学实践,针对公安院校刑事技术专业学生,进行了《有机物检验技术》课程的研发,精选教学内容,保持其系统性、实战性和前沿性.有效地增强警校学生的基础知识,培养其动手能力,提升其办案水平,保证了教学质量和学科的健康发展.     

卤氧化铋光催化去除环境污染物

卤氧化铋基半导体材料具有铋氧层和卤素层交替排布的独特层状结构和易调节的禁带宽度，在直接利用太阳光去除环境污染物方面表现出优异性能和巨大潜力.基于国内外相关研究进展及本课题组近年来的研究成果，该文综述了卤氧化铋材料(氯氧化铋、溴氧化铋和碘氧化铋)光催化去除环境污染物方面的研究成果，主要包括卤氧化铋光催化材料的设计和改性策略，以及上述新材料在重金属离子去除、有机污染物降解和空气净化等领域的研究进展.最后，提出了卤氧化铋光催化材料在环境污染控制领域的研究展望.     

A new microfiltration membrane with three-dimensional reticular architecture for Nano-pollutants removal from wastewater

This research provides a new insight into designing next-generation filtration materials for Nano-pollutants removal from wastewater, and potentially for gas/solid or liquid/solid separation in corrosive environment. Considering the high corrosion and oxidation resistance, Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous alloy was prepared by powder metallurgy and used as a mechanical support with a pore size of around 10 ?μm. Subsequently, metallic Zn nanoparticles was coated on the Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous framework by means of chemical vapor deposition, obtaining a novel microfiltration membrane with three-dimensional reticular architecture. Furthermore, the influence of Zn coating on surface morphology, pore feature, and filtration capability of Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous alloy was investigated. It is of note that the as-prepared microfiltration membrane exhibits an excellent Nano-pollutants filtration efficiency of greater than 99.989% from wastewater. Most importantly, such a three-dimensional reticular architecture provides excellent structural stability, allowing the reutilization of the microfiltration membrane for at least 200 filtration cycles of wastewater treatment.