SPE前处理-UHPLC-MS/MS测定MBR中两种 N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯

选用N-己基高丝氨酸内酯(C6-HSL)和N-辛基高丝氨酸内酯(C8-HSL)两种酰基高丝氨酸内酯类(AHLs)为代表物,建立了固相萃取(SPE)-超高效液相色谱串联三重四级杆质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)分析膜生物反应器(MBR)活性污泥中AHLs的方法.研究结果表明C6-HSL和C8-HSL在1～200μg/L内有良好的线性关系(R2 0.998),方法的检出限为0.100μg/L,定量限为1.000μg/L,在3个浓度水平下的平均加标回收率为80.69%～83.75%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.71%～7.25%.方法精确度高、重复性好、基质效应弱,适用于MBR活性污泥中痕量AHLs的测定.     

Long-chain branched/cyclic alkanes in recent sediment of Lake Fuxian and their environmental implications

Lake Fuxian is a large, deep, and oligotrophic freshwater lake. In recent sediment of this lake, a series of branched and cyclic alkanes, including branched alkanes with one or two quaternary carbon atoms （C2n compounds）, alkylcycloheptane, and alkylcyclohexane, were detected in high abundance. For each homolog of long-chain branched/ cyclic alkanes, molecules with only an odd or even carbon number were present in the sediment. The abundance vari- ation of each compound homolog corresponded to those of other compound homolog in the section, indicating the same origin of these compounds. The concentrations of long-chain branched/cyclic alkanes in the sediment profile exhibited variations similar to those of phytoplankton biomarkers, such as 3-methylJalkanes, short-chain odd carbon n-alkanes, hopene, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytol, sterols, and long-chain alkyl diols, but slightly different from those of long-chain odd carbon n-alkanes, which are ubiquitous biomarkers for higher plants. Therefore, the Can compounds and long-chain cyclic alkanes in the lake sediment were most likely produced by algae and bacteria in the water, primarily, by the heterotrophic bacteria in the moderately oxygenated waters, which flourishing might be the results of specific water environments in Lake Fuxian.     

Review of galactic and extragalactic searches for class I methanol masers

Class I methanol masers are important tools for investigations of star formation throughout the Universe. Recently, a series of surveys for class I methanol masers at the 95 GHz transition toward samples of young stellar objects have been undertaken. These surveys have resulted in the detection of about 200 new class I methanol masers and combined with previous increased the number of known observations they have class I methanol masers in our Galaxy to ~400. From analysis of the relationship between class I methanol maser emission and associated astrophysical objects, it has been shown that the intensity of the class I methanol maser emission is closely correlated with the properties of the 1.1 mm Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey （BGPS） dust continuum sources and outflow properties. This further supports the hypothesis that class I methanol masers are collisionally pumped and excited in shocked regions. Based on these observations, it can be inferred that the BGPS catalog is likely to provide more reliable samples for targeting further class I methanol maser searches. A new survey for class I methanol masers toward a larger size sample of BGPS sources to test this is currently underway. The prospects for detecting class I methanol megamasers in extragalactic sources is discussed, and observations constituting the first sensitive search have been proposed.     

混凝土剪力墙受剪承载力可靠度分析

针对我国规范未对剪力墙受剪承载力可靠指标进行校准,本文研究钢筋混凝土剪力墙受剪承载力的可靠度水平.根据剪力墙抗剪公式所依据的试验及试件情况,收集并筛选截面型式、混凝土类型、配筋型式、破坏形态等方面与其一致的74片剪力墙试验数据,对试件承载力的试验值与规范公式计算值进行分析,得出剪力墙受剪承载力计算模式不定性统计参数,进而得出抗力统计参数和概率分布类型;采用考虑基本变量概率分布类型的验算点法进行可靠指标计算.结果表明:现行规范剪力墙受剪承载力可靠指标低于目标可靠指标3.7的要求,其中荷载效应比、剪跨比、轴向压力、配筋率、混凝土强度等级对可靠指标影响较小,风荷载与永久荷载效应比对可靠指标影响较大,分布钢筋采用HPB300时的可靠指标在同等条件下较小.为保证剪力墙受剪承载力可靠指标满足目标可靠指标要求,引入承载力调整系数0.95对现行计算公式进行修正,修正后计算公式的可靠指标均值为3.738.     

孕育型土洞地陷判据研究

为评价地下孔洞发育过程中地表稳定性,将孔洞发育过程中地表变化过程离散化,依据突变理论建立地表塌陷分析判据;结合覆盖层土体失稳一致性、失稳同时性、塑形贯通判据及塑性区云图分析初步验证判据的有效性.利用上述方法量化地表失稳的判定过程,以此得到临界孔洞半径、地表塌陷范围,并讨论了覆盖层临界厚度与内摩擦角、黏聚力、弹性模量及泊松比之间的关系.研究结果表明,覆盖层厚度与内摩擦角及黏聚力均能拟合成相关性较好的线性关系,覆盖层厚度对泊松比和弹性模量并不敏感.基于突变理论的地表失稳判据可为发育孔洞上方地表稳定性探讨提供有益参考.     

基于改进小波阈值函数和变分模态分解的 电能质量扰动检测

针对强噪声环境下扰动特征提取困难的问题,提出一种基于改进小波阈值函数和变分模态分解的电能质量扰动检测算法.采用改进小波阈值函数滤除电能质量扰动信号的噪声,通过傅里叶变换确定预设尺度,再基于变分模态分解准确地求出电能质量扰动信号的各个本征模态函数,结合Hilbert变换和奇异值分解分别求解每个本征模态函数的振幅、频率、起止时间等特征量,并据此搭建PXI和LabVIEW结合的电能质量扰动检测平台.分别采用单一扰动、复合扰动和电网实际扰动数据验证本文算法的准确性与有效性,相比现有经验模态分解和集合经验模态分解,本文提出算法不仅具有抗模态混叠和虚假分量的能力,且在强噪声环境下仍具有较高的准确性和鲁棒性.     

基于55 nm CMOS工艺的可变增益放大器

为了实现5G通信系统中高数据传输速率的要求,满足宽带条件下接收信号幅度的大动态范围变化,基于Global Foundries 55 nm CMOS工艺提出一种宽带且增益大范围线性变化的可变增益放大器.在该可变增益放大器中,采用改进型Cherry-Hooper放大器结构使其动态范围和电路带宽有效扩展,并利用晶体管的可调谐特性,在不使用附加电路的前提下使增益变化具有良好线性,解决了CMOS电路中放大器增益与控制电压非线性变化的难题,同时添加低截止频率的高通滤波器,消除可变增益放大器的直流偏移,并降低其误码率.版图仿真结果表明,在-33.4～46.9 dB的超宽动态范围内实现增益线性变化,3-dB带宽对应的频率达到1.89 GHz(0.000 12～1.9 GHz),可变增益放大器芯片(核心区域,不含焊盘)面积仅为0.006mm~2.该可变增益放大器指标完全满足目前5G宽带通信系统的要求.     

La2Ce2O7@La2Zr2O7核壳结构纳米粉体的 制备及其抗烧结性能

针对La_2Ce_2O_7抗烧结性能较差,La_2Zr_2O_7的热膨胀系数较低的性能特点,采用水热法合成了La_2Ce_2O_7内核,然后通过共沉淀法成功制备La_2Ce_2O_7@La_2Zr_2O_7核壳结构纳米粉体.将粉体预压成块,分别在1 100℃、1 300℃和1 500℃下进行了不同时间的烧结测试及在1 100～1 500℃烧结6 h以考察温度对其抗烧结性能的影响.采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、能谱仪分析了材料的形貌和成分,并测试了试样的密度和显微硬度.结果表明,La_2Ce_2O_7内核具有立方结构或八面体结构外形,粒径约200 nm. La_2Zr_2O_7壳层为非晶体,形成了包覆效果良好的La_2Ce_2O_7@La_2Zr_2O_7核壳结构.等温烧结时,核壳结构的密度变化率保持在2.1%以内,远低于La_2Ce_2O_7和La_2Zr_2O_7,孔隙和晶粒尺寸分布均匀,无裂纹和烧结现象出现.当烧结温度在1 300℃以内时,核壳结构组织均匀,多孔,密度变化率稳定在10.6%以内,晶粒尺寸约维持在450nm,晶粒长大速率与La_2Zr_2O_7接近,抗烧结性能良好;当烧结温度高于1 300℃时,核壳结构孔隙增大且晶粒迅速长大,致密化加快,晶粒长大速率也变快,与La_2Ce_2O_7接近,出现明显烧结现象;其显微硬度稍高于La_2Ce_2O_7,而远低于La_2Zr_2O_7.     

考虑温度效应的斜齿轮时变啮合刚度解析算法

以斜齿轮副为研究对象,基于切片法和积分思想,计入齿面接触温度变化引起的齿廓形变,结合轮齿接触、弯曲、剪切、轴向压缩及基体弹性变形,提出了考虑温度效应的斜齿轮啮合刚度解析算法,并通过有限元法验证了算法的准确性.分析了不同摩擦因数、输入转矩、输入转速等工况参数对斜齿轮啮合刚度的影响规律.结果表明,考虑齿轮温升影响后,轮齿从啮入到啮出整个过程的啮合刚度均有所增大;随着摩擦因数、输入转矩和输入转速的增大,斜齿轮本体温度及啮合齿面瞬时闪温升高,单齿啮合刚度和综合啮合刚度均值呈增大趋势.研究结果可为高速重载齿轮系统准确高效的动力学分析提供理论依据.     

基于IMM-UPF的锂电池寿命估计

提出了一种基于交互式多模型(Interacting Multiple Model,IMM)和无迹粒子滤波算法(Unscented Particle Filter,UPF)的锂电池健康状态(State of Health,SOH)估计方法,针对目前SOH估计方法需求样本量大、不适用于全寿命周期结果跟踪等问题,建立了基于多项式模型、双指数模型和集成模型的IMM,通过UPF解决了重采样过程中粒子贫化的问题,根据滤波的结果对锂电池的SOH进行预测,实现了锂电池全寿命周期内的SOH精确估计.讨论了IMM的选型依据和建模方法,给出了详细的SOH估计算法,并通过仿真和实验对不同模型进行对比.仿真和实验结果表明,所提出的基于IMM-UPF的锂电池SOH估计结果的概率密度函数标准偏差仅为19,实现了高估计精度.