雪莲果低糖果脯的研制

以雪莲果为试验原料,对雪莲果低糖果脯制品的生产工艺进行了初步探索。试验结果表明,硬化护色最佳条件是为0.80%氯化钙、0.15%亚硫酸钠、0.30%柠檬酸和0.20%抗坏血酸;浸糖液最佳配比为35%蔗糖浓度,15%葡萄糖浓度,0.30%柠檬酸和0.40%低甲氧基果胶。生产出来的成品色泽金黄,半透明,口感细腻,风味浓郁,渗糖饱满。     

离子色谱法在糖和糖醇分析检测中的应用研究

建立了离子色谱法定量测定食品中糖和糖醇的方法,应用CarboPacTM PA1(4 mm×250mm)阴离子交换柱,NaOH淋洗液梯度淋洗,脉冲安培检测器检测.6次测定平行样品,相对标准偏差为2.53%~4.57%,糖和糖醇的加标回收率在96%~101%之间,方法简单快捷,适用于食品中糖和糖醇的检测.     

果脯加工的质量控制

传统的果脯加工,方法简单易行,但操作不当,也会影响口感及保存期限.为改善果脯品质,对常见影响质量的问题提出对策,供参考.一、果脯糖份不足.咀嚼时味淡.遇此现象不仅要考虑糖液浓度是否达到,还要从三个方面进行预防:①有些原料果品含酸量低,不利于煮糖时糖份转移,解决途径是适当加入柠檬酸,使糖液所含有机酸提高到0.3—0.5%,促使糖份往果品转化.②糖液适量添加果胶,促进蔗糖的进一步溶解,有利果品吸收.③相对湿度高于70%的条件下长期贮存时,糖份容易析出.如果出现这种现象,应重新放入热糖液内浸烫后,烘干即可.二、果脯糖量过多,造成流糖现象.原因有果品酸度     

无糖黄精软糖配方工艺响应面优化及模糊数学综合评价

以黄精、复配凝胶剂、赤藓糖醇、柠檬酸为原辅料，制备无糖黄精软糖.通过单因素试验和响应面法优化无糖黄精软糖的配方工艺条件.采用模糊数学综合评判法评价目标消费人群对无糖黄精软糖成品的市场认可度.结果显示，在复配凝胶剂（明胶∶果胶∶魔芋胶）比例为3∶1∶1基础上，响应面法优化无糖黄精软糖的最佳工艺条件为：黄精水提液添加量30%，复配凝胶剂添加量10%，赤藓糖醇添加量4%，柠檬酸添加量0.10%.该条件下制备的黄精软糖酸甜适中、咀嚼性良好、色泽均匀、具有独特的黄精风味，且通过验证试验得出感官得分为89.70分，与模型预测值相对误差为0.22%.若该产品投放市场，目标消费者对无糖黄精软糖成品的感官评定结果为良好.     

低糖胡萝卜果脯加工工艺的研究

以胡萝卜为研究对象,通过单因素试验研究了硬化液浓度、护色液和浸糖条件(浸糖时间、浸糖浓度、浸糖温度)对胡萝卜果脯感官品质的影响,运用感官评定和质地多面分析法(TPA)相结合的方法综合评价制得的低糖胡萝卜果脯,并采用正交试验确定了低糖胡萝卜果脯生产的最佳工艺。结果表明:当硬化液浓度为0.2%Cacl_2,护色液为0.1%Na_2S_2O_5和0.2%无水C_6H_8O_7、浸糖浓度30%、浸糖时间40 min、浸糖温度为80℃时制得的胡萝卜果脯综合评分最高且含糖量较低。     

宽厚板包晶钢的保护渣

针对包晶钢的凝固特性,研发了高碱度、高结晶速率、低结晶温度及低热流密度保护渣,并在宝钢3#连铸机上进行了试验研究.现场试验四个浇次的结果表明,使用改进渣的试验流铸坯无纵裂发生,而使用原渣的对比流铸坯裂纹率达到5%.优化保护渣有效防止了铸坯表面纵裂的发生.     

小麦馒头品质评价方法优化

为了优化现有的馒头品质评价方法,参照LS/T 3204—1993和GB/T 17320—1998,进行馒头制作与品质评价技术研究,经相关性分析、逐步回归分析及拟合检验,精简其评价项目、提高操作性和准确性。结果表明,馒头品质评价指标可被简化为4项,分别为比容、外观、外部色泽与适口性,其权重依次为30%,20%,10%和40%。新方法可替代原始方法,仪器评价法与原始评价方法相关性有待提高,仅色差计参数a*值与外部色泽、质构仪咀嚼性指标与粘牙相关性较高,可作为评价外部色泽与适口性的有效辅助手段。新方法可适用于不同产地、品种小麦制作的馒头品质评价,具有感官指标少、差异易被区别、准确性和可行性高的特点。     

低糖甘薯果脯的研制

本实验以甘薯为原料,在传统果脯生产工艺的基础上,改用淀粉糖浆代替50%的蔗糖添加0.5%海藻酸钠作增稠剂,配成40%的糖煮液,并采用三次糖煮法.最终使产品达到低糖要求,共含糖量为43.6%;产品饱满、透明、外表光滑、香甜适宜、口感好.     

番茄加工十一例

一、番茄果脯番茄果脯,入口脆,甜味宜,表面透明,色鲜红,有芳香。加工方法:1.清洗无损成熟的番茄。2.成型和硬化处理。将番茄去蒂后用干。3.糖渍。将处理过的番茄放入浓度为50％的糖液中浸一天后,加糖使糖浓度达30％,再浸;第四天加糖使浓度达50％;第六天加糖使糖浓度达60％,继续糖渍到番茄含糖量为60％时,再加0.5％柠檬酸浸一天,果肉吸饱糖分呈透明状,捞出沥干,60℃烘干到含水20％,包装,可存放三个月以上。如在糖液中加2％的姜片或姜汁,还可制成辣     

甘薯酱果脯的研制

虽然甘薯资源丰富,但现有加工能力差,经济效益低下,浪费也大.鲜甘薯经固化,糖酱蜜等一系列精加工成酱果脯,其色泽好,风味独特,含糖量低,保存性好,具有极大推广价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.