酸性介质中HCPCF与微量IO-3褪色反应的研究

在酸性介质中HCPCF与IO-3反应,IO-3将HCPCF的四氮基转化为无色氧化型而使红色逐渐减褪.利用此褪色反应,探讨了测定微量IO-3的条件.其表观摩尔吸光系数为5.8×104L·mol-1·cm-1,提出了测定微量IO-3的新方法.应用于测定加碘食盐和海带中碘含量,获得满意结果.     

酸性介质中HCPCF与微量Cr2O72-褪色反应的研究

报道了 HCPCF在酸性介质中与 Cr2 O72 -的反应 ,Cr2 O72 -将 HCPCF的四氮基转化为无色氧化型而使红色逐渐减褪 ,利用此褪色反应 ,探讨了测定 Cr2 O72 -的条件 ,其表观摩尔吸光系数为1 .33× 1 0 4L.mol-1 .cm-1 ,提出了测定 Cr2 O72 -的新方法 .该方法简便、快速、准确度高 ,应用于测定饮用水和工业废水中的 Cr2 O72 -含量 ,获得满意结果 .     

茜素红褪色分光光度法测定矿泉水中痕量溴酸根

在0.60 mol/L的盐酸介质中,BrO-3与溴化钾反应生成单质溴,单质溴氧化茜素红使其褪色,褪色程度(ΔA)与BrO-3浓度成比例.据此建立了测定矿泉水中痕量溴酸根新方法.结果表明,茜素红最大吸收波长为421 nm,BrO-3的线性范围为0.4～1.6 μg/mL(r=0.998 8),回归方程为ΔA=50ρ+0.0024,检出限为0.12 μg/mL,样品分析相对标准偏差为1.37%～1.48%,加标回收率为96.2%～103.4%.     

饮用水处理中活性炭吸附对BrO_3~-的去除研究

用HNO3,HCl,NaOH及NH3分别对颗粒活性炭进行表面改性,通过静态吸附试验研究水中BrO-3在颗粒活性炭上的吸附特性,考察了活性炭孔径分布及官能团变化对BrO-3吸附的影响,测定了活性炭的吸附动力学曲线和吸附等温线.结果表明:BrO-3在活性炭上的吸附符合伪二级速率方程及内颗粒扩散模型,吸附中存在孔扩散过程,且孔扩散为活性炭吸附的主要速率控制步骤.活性炭的中孔体积是其吸附能力的主要控制因素,同时活性炭表面较高的碱性官能团和零电荷点法(pHpzc)有利于BrO-3的去除.     

黄浦江和长江原水臭氧化工艺中BrO-3的生成

针对黄浦江和长江原水,通过臭氧化小试实验研究副产物溴酸根(BrO-3)的生成.结果表明,黄浦江原水中含溴离子(Br-)较少,生成的BrO-3超标风险较低;而长江原水中Br-含量较高,为103.5 μg/L;1.6 mg/L初始溶解O3、pH 7.3、B-r 100 μg/L、25 ℃条件下,长江原水臭氧化30 min后生成了15.2 μg/L BrO-3,超过国家标准10 μg/L(GB 5749-2006)的限值规定.调低pH值、减少初始O3浓度、降低温度均有利于控制BrO-3的生成.长江原水臭氧化过程中ct值和BrO-3生成量之间线性关系较好.实验中OUT指标与BrO-3生成量的线性关系不明显,不可代替ct作为衡量BrO-3的标准.     

阻抑溴酸钾氧化丁基罗丹明B褪色光度法测定痕量苯酚

用停流动力学分析技术研究了H2SO4介质中苯酚抑制BrO-3氧化丁基罗丹明B褪色的反应,并探讨了其反应机理;基于苯酚对该反应诱导期的影响作用,建立了停流-抑制动力学褪色光度法测定痕量苯酚的新方法.该方法测定苯酚的检出限为1.3×10-9 g/L,线性范围为0.3～15.0 μg/L,11次测定苯酚(5.0 μg/L)的相对标准偏差为2.1%;用于测定河水和工业废水样品中的痕量苯酚,结果满意.     

果糖(Frn)-KBrO3-MnSO4-H2SO4-丙酮(Act)体系及其在磷酸盐Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4中的振荡反应

研究了独立的Frn-KBrO3-MnSO4-H2SO4-Act体系及其在磷酸盐Na2HPO4·NaH2PO4中的振荡反应,考察了Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4对振荡反应的影响及反应过程的能量关系,发现[BrO-3]0=0.05mol/L时,磷酸盐起加速反应的作用,使振荡周期、振荡寿命变小,振荡频率增加,[BrO-3]0=0.035mol/L时,磷酸盐起延缓振荡反应的作用,使诱导期、振荡周期、振荡寿命增大.     

酰基双烯酮重排反应的理论研究

采用量子化学从头算方法在 HF/6-3 1 G* *及 MP2 /6-3 1 G* *水平上计算了甲酰基双烯酮及苯甲酰基双烯酮的重排反应机理 .结果表明 ,两反应均为简单基元反应 ,反应中的 H原子 (或 C原子 )和邻近的 3个 C原子形成了具有四元环结构的对称过渡态 ,两反应的活化势垒分别为 1 5 0 .83 k J·mol- 1和 1 46.45 k J·mol- 1(MP2 /6-3 1 G* * 水平 ) ,这与苯甲酰基双烯酮需要在 5 5 0℃的高温下才能发生重排反应的实验事实一致 .     

BrONO2与Cl(2P3/2)的反应机理

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法,在6-31G*基组下,研究了Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→BrCl+NO3和Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→Br+ClONO2的反应机理.计算得到各可能反应途径的过渡态,并通过内禀反应坐标(IRC)分析加以证实.反应Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→BrCl+NO3有两种可能的反应途径,其活化能垒相差比较大.途径I和途径II的活化能垒分别为89.5 kJ*mol-1和61.2 kJ*mol-1,该反应为放热反应,放出的热量为73.4 kJ*mol-1.反应Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→Br+ClONO2的活化能垒为47.8 kJ*mol-1,该反应为吸热反应,吸收的热量为6.3 kJ*mol-1,这与大部分实验者的推论相一致.反应Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→Br+ClONO2的活化能垒比较低,为47.8 kJ*mol-1,认定反应容易进行.反应Cl(2P3/2)+BrONO2→BrCl+NO3途径II的活化能垒低,主要按途径II的反应途径进行.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定盐酸环丙沙星

根据盐酸环丙沙星与Zn(SCN)2-4反应生成离子缔合物沉淀的特点,通过用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定沉淀中的锌,可间接测定环丙沙星的浓度.线性范围为1.6×10-4～3.9×10-3 mol*L-1,检出限为2.9×10-5 mol*L-1,回收率为93.6%～109.0%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with