深圳笔架山公园的植被类型及主要植物群落分析

深圳市笔架山公园的地带性植被为南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林，目前其现存植被主要包括人工次生林植被、园林植被和园地植被等几大类，其中人工次生林植被包括南亚热带人工常绿阔叶林、南亚热带次生常绿阔叶林、南亚热带次生常绿针叶林和南亚热带次生常绿灌木林等，并可进一步分成13个群落类型。对13个人工次生林群落的结构、物种多样性等特征进行了分析。分析表明，人工林占优势，物种多样性低，群落层次不明显．多数群落处于演替前期。     

深圳笔架山公园的植被类型及主要植物群落分析

深圳市笔架山公园的地带性植被为南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林,目前其现存植被主要包括人工次生林植被、园林植被和园地植被等几大类,其中人工次生林植被包括南亚热带人工常绿阔叶林、南亚热带次生常绿阔叶林、南亚热带次生常绿针叶林和南亚热带次生常绿灌木林等,并可进一步分成13个群落类型.对13个人工次生林群落的结构、物种多样性等特征进行了分析.分析表明,人工林占优势,物种多样性低,群落层次不明显,多数群落处于演替前期.     

沱江流域人工针叶林演替系列的物种多样性

采用空间代替时间的方法研究了沱江流域人工墨西哥柏林演替系列上的物种多样性.结果表明,随着时间的推移,乔木层的物种多样性逐渐增加,灌木层和草本层的物种多样性逐渐降低,群落总体物种多样性也逐渐降低.20龄林各层次的物种多样性和当地的针阔叶混交林已很接近,这说明人工墨西哥柏林通过针阔叶混交林演替成地带性的常绿阔叶林的趋势很明显,墨西哥柏作为当地速生的造林绿化树种是适合的.     

沱江流域人工针叶林演替系列的物种多样性

采用空间代替时间的方法研究了沱江流域人工墨西哥柏林演替系列上的物种多样性.结果表明,随着时间的推移,乔木层的物种多样性逐渐增加,灌木层和草本层的物种多样性逐渐降低,群落总体物种多样性也逐渐降低.20龄林各层次的物种多样性和当地的针阔叶混交林已很接近,这说明人工墨西哥柏林通过针阔叶混交林演替成地带性的常绿阔叶林的趋势很明显,墨西哥柏作为当地速生的造林绿化树种是适合的.     

齐云山区常绿阔叶林群落的初步研究

本文对齐云山区以青冈栎群落为代表的常绿阔叶林群落进行了初步研究．通过对其种类组成、层次结构、物种多样性和生态优势度、动态演替等多方面的分析，结果显示其更多地具备中亚热带常绿阔叶林的特征，青冈栎、甜槠、紫楠和绵槠等为群落的优势种，并起着建群作用，     

青城山森林群落的数量分类

以森林植被样地中乔木层树种的重要值为指标，采用群落相似系数分类法、最近邻体法、组平均法对青城前山森林植被样地进行数量分类。3种分类法的结果表明，所调查的11个森林植被的样地分为2个植被亚型5个群系，常绿阔叶林中的各个群系基本处于稳定阶段，仅有个别样地到人类的轻度干扰，一些阳生性的落叶成分侵入群落内，群落表现出明显的次生性质，但是，目前落叶成分在群落中缺乏更新幼苗，若加强森林管理，群落将会恢复其原生状态；杉木群系主要分布在人为影响较大的常绿阔叶林的林缘地带，由于许多常绿树种已进入群落的最高层造成遮荫，杉木在林内生长状况不良，群落最终将演替为常绿阔叶林。     

川西高原森林生物多样性及其生态功能的研究

对川西高原森林物种多样性及其生态功能进行了研究。结果表明，在采伐迹地上，人工林的物种多样性及其生态功能随着林龄的增长呈现增加和增强的趋势。天然林群落的物种多样性随着顺行演替的进行逐渐增加，至顶极阶段，群落的物种多样性有所减少。但是，群落的生态功能却始终随着演替的进行逐步增强。此外，在相似立地条件、同密度和同龄的天然林中，针阔叶混交林的物种多样性指数要高于针叶混交林；而在相似立地条件、同龄的天然林中，高密度林分的物种多样性低于低密度林分。     

铜铃山国家森林公园不同林型群落及植被多样性研究

为了解国家森林公园的群落组成、结构特征、物种多样性及稳定程度,采用浙江铜铃山45个样地数据对其不同林型进行了研究,结果表明:7个林型(常绿阔叶林、针阔混交林、常绿落叶阔叶混交林、毛竹林、毛竹针叶混交林、毛竹常绿混交林和针叶林)的物种丰富度指数(S)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)、Simpson优势度指数(D)、均匀度指数(J_W)和多样性阈值(D_v)均存在一定的差异,常绿落叶阔叶混交林、常绿阔叶林和针阔混交林的乔木层多样性显著高于其他林型,灌木层各指数之间差异没有乔木层明显,但毛竹林显著比其他林型低,草本层毛竹林和针叶林显著高于其他林型;铜铃山乔木层物种多样性与海拔呈显著负相关,灌木层的S、H′和D_v指数与海拔呈显著负相关,而草本层各指数与海拔关系均不显著;7个群落均处于不稳定状态,而且与群落多样性指数之间没有明确关系,可能与各群落仍处于演替过程中后期阶段未发育至顶级群落有关.     

深圳梧酮山夏季鸟类群落结构及生物量的研究

对深圳梧桐山鸟类进行调查,该地区夏季岛类群落的主要鸟类42种,由3个分布群落组成,即由脚农耕、水库灌木林;常绿阔叶林和山地常绿阔叶灌草丛,研究了各生境类型之间的鸟类群落的物种多样性和岛类群落的现存生物量,分析了生境与现存生物量的关系。     

天门山地理成分与植被类型分析研究

通过对天门山的地理成分和植被类型进行分析,统计植物区系,研究天门山科、属的结构组成。将天门山划分为山顶矮阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、常绿落叶阔叶混交林、常绿阔叶林、暖性针阔叶混交林五个植被类型,分别对主要植被类型的群落外貌、结构及物种多样性进行调查研究,为天门山的植被及植被保护工作提供科学依据。从生活型、叶的性质和季相出发对天门山植被类型进行比较,分析群落优势种重要值、垂直结构和径级结构以及不同径级和高度级物种多样性,进一步明确了天门山的空间排列和群落演替趋势,为更好地开发利用天门山植物资源提供帮助。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.