盆炎净颗粒的免疫调节作用研究

目的研究盆炎净颗粒的免疫调节作用。方法观察盆炎净颗粒对非特异性免疫、细胞免疫及体液免疫的影响。即对环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力的影响、对2,4-二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发型超敏反应的影响以及对环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠血清溶血素生成的影响。结果盆炎净颗粒有明显提高环磷酰胺所致的免疫功能低下小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力的作用,对2,4-二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发型超敏反应有明显抑制作用,而对环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠血清溶血素的生成没有影响。结论盆炎净颗粒具有提高机体非特异性免疫和细胞免疫的作用。     

参归多维口服液对小鼠抗疲劳功能的影响

目的研究参归多维口服液对正常小鼠抗疲劳功能的影响.方法以参归多维口服液浓缩液0.1,1.0,3.0 m L/kg作为低、中、高剂量组,小鼠连续灌胃给药30 d,末次给药30 min后,小鼠负荷5%体质量,进行负重游泳实验,观察小鼠负重游泳时间及对小鼠增重的影响;末次给予参归多维口服液30 min、游泳90 min、休息60 min后采血,进行血清尿素含量测定;末次给予参归多维口服液30 min后处死小鼠取肝脏,测定肝糖原;末次给予参归多维口服液30 min后采血,不负重游泳10 min,在游泳后立即(游泳后0 min)和游泳后休息20 min采血,测定以上3个时间点的血乳酸值.结果参归多维口服液各剂量组小鼠增重与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),高剂量组游泳时间明显长于阴性对照组(P0.01);参归多维口服液高剂量组小鼠游泳后血清尿素低于阴性对照组(P0.05);与阴性对照组比较,参归多维口服液各剂量组肝糖原储备比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);与阴性对照组比较,参归多维口服液高剂量组小鼠游泳后3个时间点血乳酸曲线下面积有所降低.结论参归多维口服液具有缓解体力疲劳的功能.     

家蝇蛹凝集素对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响

将家蝇蛹凝集素(MPL)分别按400μg/(kg·d)、800μg/(kg·d)、1 200μg/(kg·d)连续给小鼠灌胃10d,于第8d和第9 d给阴性对照组和3个剂量组小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺,造成小鼠免疫功能低下.观察家蝇蛹凝集素对免疫低下小鼠免疫器官指数、巨噬细胞的吞噬能力、脾脏淋巴细胞增殖和血清溶血值HC50的影响.结果表明,家蝇蛹凝集素能显著拮抗环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠的免疫器官指数下降,提高巨噬细胞的吞噬能力,明显促进脾脏淋巴细胞增殖,且能使血清溶血素含量显著增加.说明家蝇蛹凝集素对环磷酰胺所致小鼠免疫功能低下有较好的预防作用.     

北五味子提取液对小鼠耐缺氧和抗疲劳能力的影响

目的：研究北五味子提取液（SCE）对小鼠耐缺氧和抗疲劳能力的影响．方法：选取健康昆明种小鼠120只,随机分为空白对照组和SCE低、中、高剂量组,每组30只,连续灌胃7d．观察小鼠常压耐缺氧存活时间和负重游泳时间,测定游泳前、游泳10min和游泳后20min血清乳酸含量的变化．结果：SCE能显著增加小鼠常压缺氧存活时间和负重游泳时间,并能显著降低游泳后血清乳酸的增加量．结论：SCE能够明显提高小鼠耐缺氧和抗疲劳的能力．     

IM-94增强小鼠免疫功能的实验研究

研究了ＩＭ９４ 对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响．结果显示：ＩＭ９４ 能逆转环磷酰胺所致的免疫低下反应,并进一步提高小鼠的免疫活性,使其巨噬细胞吞噬能力、ＮＫ 细胞自然杀伤活性、淋巴细胞增殖水平、半数溶血值和抗体生成细胞水平均有明显提高,说明ＩＭ９４ 对实验小鼠有正向免疫调节作用．     

暹罗鳄多肽粉对小鼠机体免疫力及抗疲劳效应的增强作用

为研究暹罗鳄(Crocodylus siamensis)多肽粉对小鼠免疫力及抗疲劳效应的影响,对小鼠的免疫力及相关血清指标、运动能力及相关酶活力指标进行了测定.实验结果显示:暹罗鳄多肽粉可以促进小鼠胸腺和脾脏的生长,增强机体免疫力.相对于对照组小鼠,暹罗鳄多肽粉组小鼠血清中的白蛋白、总蛋白、血钙含量升高(p0.05),谷丙转氨酶活力和血糖浓度下降(p0.05).小鼠爬杆及负重游泳实验发现服用了暹罗鳄多肽粉的小鼠垂直爬杆时间和负重游泳时间均长于对照组(p0.05).进一步通过建立小鼠力竭游泳模型研究了暹罗鳄多肽粉的抗疲劳功效,结果显示与对照组相比,暹罗鳄多肽粉组小鼠血液中尿素氮和乳酸的含量以及乳酸脱氢酶活力均降低(p0.05),而超氧化物歧化酶活力升高(p0.05).综上结果表明暹罗鳄多肽粉可能有保肝降糖、增强机体免疫力及抗疲劳效应的作用.     

吉林人参低聚肽抗疲劳作用

 为探讨吉林人参低聚肽对实验小鼠的抗疲劳作用,将336 只SPF 级雄性ICR 小鼠随机分为7 组,分别为空白对照组、乳清蛋白组(0.500 g/kg)及5 个吉林人参低聚肽剂量组(0.125、0.250、0.500、1.000、2.000 g/kg).连续灌胃30 d 后,进行负重游泳实验测定各组小鼠负重游泳力竭时间,采用全自动生化仪测定各组小鼠血清尿素氮含量和乳酸脱氢酶活力,采用紫外分光光度计法检测各组小鼠血乳酸水平,采用试剂盒检测各组小鼠肝糖原含量.各项指标中空白对照组与乳清蛋白组之间均无统计学差异;与乳清蛋白组相比,适当剂量的吉林人参低聚肽干预可提高小鼠运动耐力,延长负重游泳时间,降低运动后血乳酸和血尿素氮的含量,提高乳酸脱氢酶活性和肝糖原的含量.因此,吉林人参低聚肽具有缓解实验小鼠体力疲劳功能.     

扶正祛邪Ⅰ号和Ⅱ号药的免疫调节作用

研究扶正祛邪Ⅰ号和Ⅱ号药对小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果：扶正祛邪Ⅰ号和Ⅱ号药ｉｐ（ｉｎｔｒａｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌ）能明显提高氢化可的松引起免疫功能低下小鼠外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞百分率；明显抑制小鼠半数溶血值、脾淋巴细胞转化及迟发型超敏反应。ｉｇ（ｉｎｔｒａｇａｓｔｒｉｃ）能明显对抗环磷酰胺引起小鼠半数溶血值降低作用。Ⅰ号和Ⅱ号药能明显提高免疫低下小鼠免疫功能．抑制正常小鼠免疫功能。     

灌胃双歧杆菌BB1对免疫低下小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响

目的评定双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteria)对免疫低下小鼠非特异性免疫的调节作用。方法小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺,建立免疫低下模型,对其进行巨噬细胞吞噬试验。结果灌胃中、高剂量的双歧杆菌能提高小鼠巨噬细胞的吞噬能力。结论双歧杆菌BB1可增强免疫低下小鼠的非特异性免疫功能。     

啤酒酵母渣甘露聚糖性质的研究

通过对啤酒酵母渣甘露聚糖氨基酸组份、毒性、生物活性等性质的研究．初步表明啤酒酵母渣甘露聚精蛋白部分是由１７种氨基酸组成。急性毒性试验，给药后对试验动物观察一周不表现任何毒性。抗原性试验，以四种剂量的啤酒酵母渣甘露聚糖免疫ＢａＩＢ／Ｃ小鼠制备抗血清，用酶联免疫试验法测定，结果表明啤酒酵母渣甘露聚糖对小鼠抗原性为阴性反应．啤酒酵母渣甘露聚糖对环磷酰胺受引起免疫功能低下小鼠ＩｇＭ生成的影响试验表明它有促进小鼠体液免疫功能的作用。     

核桃楸树皮提取物抗肿瘤及免疫调节作用的研究

研究核桃楸树皮提取物(HT)的抗肿瘤及免疫调节作用.建立荷瘤小鼠模型,检测HT抑瘤率及对免疫器官、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能、T淋巴细胞增殖、血清IL-2、TNF-α水平以及机体免疫功能的影响;建立小鼠免疫功能低下模型,检测HT对外周血细胞的影响.实验表明HT具有明显的抑瘤作用,高剂量组抑瘤率达54.6%,可显著提高荷瘤小鼠胸腺及脾脏系数、巨噬细胞吞噬功能、T淋巴细胞增殖I、L-2及TNF-α的表达以及延长游泳及耐缺氧时间,并能升高免疫抑制小鼠的白细胞(p<0.050~0.001).HT可有效抑制肿瘤增殖并调节机体的免疫功能.     

柴胡胶囊对H22小鼠免疫功能的影响

研究了柴胡胶囊对H22小鼠生命延长率及其免疫功能的影响.结果表明:柴胡胶囊可显著提高H22小鼠的平均生存期,并能增强H22小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞百分数与淋巴细胞转化率.提示:柴胡胶囊抗肿瘤作用的机理之一可能与其提高并改善荷瘤宿主的免疫功能有关.     

胸腺素对增强Sarcoma180小鼠免疫力的研究

本文报道小鼠荷瘤后,随肿瘤细胞的增长,瘤鼠体重、瘤重、脾重及脾细胞数/克,胸腺重及胸腺细胞数/克,有丝分裂指数的变化,并用~3H-TdR掺入法测定胸腺淋巴细胞在ConA作用下的淋转反应,从酵母多糖混合玫瑰花形成试验观察胸腺淋巴细胞亚群的动态变化;同时,观察外源性胸腺素在胸腺淋巴细胞增殖速度和抑癌观察中的作用,结果表明:外源性胸腺素对S_(180)小鼠胸腺淋巴细胞具有增殖作用,并提高瘤鼠免疫力,从而抑制瘤细胞的增殖。     

Transfer of a functional human immune system to mice with severe combined immunodeficiency

The pressing need for a better experimental system for AIDS research has brought into sharp focus the shortcomings of available animal models and the practical and ethical limitations of studies of immune responses and viral pathogenesis in humans. Current studies of the human immune responses are limited to relatively restrictive in vivo experiments and several in vitro systems that, although useful, allow only short-term studies and support responses to a few antigens. Neither model is particularly amenable to studies of the pathogenesis of diseases of the immune system. We report here that injection of human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) can result in the stable long-term reconstitution of a functional human immune system in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Human PBL transplanted to SCID mice increase in number and survive for at least six months; reconstituted mice show spontaneous secretion of human immunoglobulin and a specific human antibody response is induced following immunization with tetanus toxoid. All of the major cell populations present in PBL are found in the lymphoid tissue and blood of SCID recipients, although the relative proportions of B cells, T-cell subsets and monocytes/macrophages in long-term recipients differ from those found in normal PBL and, in mice transplanted with 50 x 10(6) or more PBL from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-seropositive donors, EBV-positive B-cell lymphomas often develop. Our results suggest that xenogeneic transplantation of human lymphoid cells into SCID mice may provide a useful model for the study of normal human immune function, the response of the immune system to pathogenic agents and early events in lymphomagensis.     

小鼠腹腔注射卡介苗加脂多糖建立急性免疫性肝损伤的实验研究

目的比较卡介苗(BCG)加脂多糖(LPS)小鼠腹腔注射和尾静脉注射建立急性免疫性肝损伤模型的优劣。方法用不同剂量BCG和LPS腹腔注射诱导昆明小鼠建立急性免疫性肝损伤模型,与BCG 0.5 mg/只和LPS 7.5μg/只联合尾静脉注射诱导昆明小鼠建立急性免疫性肝损伤模型比较;以小鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平变化及肝脏病理学检查指标作为肝损伤判断标准。结果BCG+LPS小鼠腹腔注射所造急性免疫性肝损伤模型,ALT和AST随注射剂量增加均逐步增高;第6组(BCG 0.5 mg/只+LPS7.5μg/只)和第13组(BCG1 mg/只+LPS15μg/只)相对较高。与空白组比较,ALT升高约3倍,AST升高1~3倍;肝组织病理损伤则随着BCG和LPS剂量增加逐渐升高。第5组大部分小鼠出现Ⅰ级或Ⅰ级以上肝细胞损害;第13组大部分小鼠出现Ⅱ级或Ⅱ级以上肝细胞损害。但与尾静脉注射造模相比,小鼠腹腔注射造模肝细胞损伤的特异性实验室指标ALT和AST表达不高,肝组织病理损伤较轻。结论"BCG+LPS"小鼠尾静脉注射建立急性免疫性肝损伤模型优于腹腔注射建立免疫性肝损伤模型。     

九香虫提取物的抗疲劳和补肾壮阳活性评价

目的:评价九香虫提取物的抗疲劳和补肾壮阳活性.方法:以九香虫水提取物低、高剂量组(1.4,7.0 g·kg~(-1))小鼠灌胃给药15 d后,测定了小鼠的力竭游泳时间、血清尿素氮和血乳酸含量等.皮下注射氢化可的松建立了小鼠的肾阳虚模型,九香虫提取物低、高剂量组连续灌胃30 d,检测了小鼠胸腺、脾脏、肾上腺、睾丸、精囊腺等脏器系数,以及交配能力(捕捉潜伏期、捕捉率、交配潜伏期、交配率等).结果:九香虫提取物高剂量组能显著降低小鼠血清乳酸和尿素含量,延长力竭游泳时间,具有明显的抗疲劳作用.高剂量组还能显著增加肾阳虚小鼠的免疫器官、睾丸和附性器官的脏器系数,提高交配能力,具有明显的补肾壮阳作用.结论:九香虫提取物具有明显的抗疲劳和补肾壮阳作用.     

白阿魏菇菌丝体多糖(CPNMP)的药理作用

用沸水提取白阿魏菇菌丝体多糖 ,经除蛋白 ,醇析得粗多糖 (CPNMP) ,含多糖 5 9.2 % 进行免疫、抗炎和抗肿瘤实验 ,结果 :CPNMP能增加中性红吞噬指数 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,促进DTH的发生 (P <0 .0 1) ,促进红细胞SOD(P <0 .0 1) ,血清SOD(P <0 .0 1)、CAT(P <0 .0 1)和溶菌酶活力 (P <0 .0 1) ,降低MDA(P <0 .0 5 ) ,而且对胆固醇有促进作用 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;CPNMP能明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀 ,抑制小鼠毛细血管通透性 ;CPNMP还能明显地抑制S180 的瘤重 ,抑瘤率为 39.1% ,提高血清SOD(P <0 .0 5 )、CAT(P <0 .0 1)溶菌酶 (P <0 .0 1)和LDH -L(P <0 .0 5 )的活力 ;增加免疫器官的重量 (P <0 .0 1) ,降低MDA(P <0 .0 5 )和ALP活力 (P <0 .0 5 ) .因此CPNMP有提高免疫力 ,抗炎、抗肿瘤的作用     

Enhancing cellular immune response to HBV M DNA vaccine in mice by codelivery of interleukin-18 recombinant

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of interleukin-18 (IL-18) on immune response induced by plasmid encoding hepatitis B virus middle protein antigen and to explore new strategies for prophylactic and therapeutic HBV DNA vaccines. METHODS: BALB/c mice were immunized with pCMV-M alone or co-immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M and then their sera were collected for analysing anti-HBsAg antibody by ELISA; splenocytes were isolated for detecting specific CTL response and cytokine assay in vitro. RESULTS: The anti-HBs antibody level of mice co-immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M was slightly higher than that of mice immunized with pCMV-M alone, but there was not significantly different (P>0.05). Compared with mice injected with pCMV-M, the specific CTL cytotoxity activity of mice immunized with pcDNA3-18 and pCMV-M was significantly enhanced (P<0.05) and the level of IFN-Gamma in supernatant of splenocytes cul-tured with HBsAg in vitro was significantly elevated (P<0.05) while the level of IL-4 had no significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The plasmid encoding IL-18 together with HBV M gene DNA vaccines may enhance specific TH1 cells and CTL cellular immune response induced in mice, so that IL-18 is a promising immune adjuvant.     

酒精对部分睡眠剥夺小鼠血细胞参数的影响

利用多平台法部分剥夺小鼠睡眠,在此基础上给予酒精灌胃,观察上述处理对动物血常规参数和血沉的影响.结果显示:睡眠剥夺使小鼠血液白细胞、淋巴细胞含量及百分比显著降低,红细胞、血红蛋白含量,红细胞压积显著升高;在此基础上再给予酒精灌胃,上述参数恢复至正常水平,但血沉显著升高.结果提示部分剥夺小鼠睡眠能抑制其免疫能力并可导致血液浓缩;而在此基础上再给予适量酒精灌胃可上调机体的免疫能力,但此时机体处于血沉加快的病理状态中.     

Adaptive immunity maintains occult cancer in an equilibrium state

The capacity of immunity to control and shape cancer, that is, cancer immunoediting, is the result of three processes that function either independently or in sequence: elimination (cancer immunosurveillance, in which immunity functions as an extrinsic tumour suppressor in naive hosts); equilibrium (expansion of transformed cells is held in check by immunity); and escape (tumour cell variants with dampened immunogenicity or the capacity to attenuate immune responses grow into clinically apparent cancers). Extensive experimental support now exists for the elimination and escape processes because immunodeficient mice develop more carcinogen-induced and spontaneous cancers than wild-type mice, and tumour cells from immunodeficient mice are more immunogenic than those from immunocompetent mice. In contrast, the equilibrium process was inferred largely from clinical observations, including reports of transplantation of undetected (occult) cancer from organ donor into immunosuppressed recipients. Herein we use a mouse model of primary chemical carcinogenesis and demonstrate that equilibrium occurs, is mechanistically distinguishable from elimination and escape, and that neoplastic cells in equilibrium are transformed but proliferate poorly in vivo. We also show that tumour cells in equilibrium are unedited but become edited when they spontaneously escape immune control and grow into clinically apparent tumours. These results reveal that, in addition to destroying tumour cells and sculpting tumour immunogenicity, the immune system of a naive mouse can also restrain cancer growth for extended time periods.