2-磺酸钠蒽醌水溶液新颖瞬态产物时间分辨研究

采用纳秒级激光光解动态吸收光谱装置研究了 2 磺酸钠蒽醌 (AQS)水溶液激光光解行为 ,证实了 310nm的瞬态吸收为 2 磺酸钠蒽醌三重态与水反应生成的新颖加成自由基的特征吸收峰 ,以脉冲辐解方法进行了进一步的确证 ,探讨了该瞬态产物产生的过程及反应的机理 .     

喹啉水溶液与羟基自由基的作用机理研究

利用脉冲辐解技术对喹啉水溶液与羟基的作用机理进行了详细研究,对其瞬态吸收峰进行了归属,初步考察了这些瞬态粒子的生成和衰减行为。研究表明,·OH 与喹啉在碱性条件下反应生成 OH-加合物,生成速率常数为5.2×10~(10)mol~(-1)·s~(-1);在酸性条件下喹啉先与氢离子反应生成喹啉阳离子,它再与羟基发生加成反应,反应速率常数为7.90×10~(10)mol~(-1)·s~(-1),从而为喹啉的氧化降解提供了理论基础。     

DNA光复活过程电子转移机理的脉冲辐解研究

采用脉冲辐解瞬态吸收光谱法研究了水溶液中水合电子引发cis-syn型1,3-二甲基尿嘧啶环丁烷型二聚体(DMUD)裂解,生成嘧啶单体和嘧啶阴离子自由基,以及在维生素K3存在下,嘧啶阴离子自由基和VK3之间的电子转移反应过程,测定了电子转移反应的速率常数.当没有VK3作为电子受体时, 嘧啶阴离子自由基能继续和DMUD进行链反应.     

水溶液中异喹啉与羟基的作用机理

利用脉冲辐解技术对异喹啉水溶液与羟基的作用机理进行了详细研究,对其瞬态吸收峰进行了归属,初步考察了这些瞬态粒子的生成和衰减行为.研究表明,.OH与异喹啉在中性和碱性条件下反应生成羟基加合物,生成速率常数分别为3.4×109和6.6×109mol-1.dm3.s-1.在酸性条件下异喹啉先被质子化,再与羟基发生加成反应,反应速率常数为3.9×109mol-1.dm3.s-1,这为异喹啉的氧化降解提供了理论基础.     

γ辐照研究4-氯酚的降解

利用稳态分析技术对4-氯酚稀水溶液在多种条件下的γ辐解产物进行了详细研究。用pH计、氯离子选择电极、TOC分析仪等对4-氯酚水溶液的不同辐解体系在降解过程中与氧化性自由基羟基和还原性粒子水合电子作用后的pH值、Cl^-浓度、TOC的变化进行了跟踪；并通过HPLC对辐照后的产物进行分析，为4-氯酚的辐射降解工艺研究提供了理论基础。     

CS光度法检测Fenton反应中羟基自由基及应用

基于Fenton反应产生的羟基自由基(·OH)氧化过量的KI生成I3-.I3-分别与阳离子表面活性剂氯代十六烷基吡啶(CPC)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)、四丁基溴化铵(TBABr)、四丁基碘化铵(TBA1)、溴代十四烷基吡啶(TBP)、十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(TDMAB)形成缔合物微粒,产生吸收峰.据此建立一种间接检测Fenton反应中羟基自由基的光度法.其中十六烷基三甲基溴化铵最稳定且灵敏,用它测定了模拟水样中羟基自由基和筛选抗氧化剂获得了满意的结果.     

芳香氨基酸及其肽光电离、SO*-4氧化与光敏化过程的比较研究

运用激光闪光光解瞬态吸收光谱研究了色氨酸 (Trp)、酪氨酸 (Tyr) ,苯丙氨酸 (Phe)和二肽 (Trp Tyr)光电离和被SO· - 4单电子氧化的过程 ,表征了反应过程中生成的自由基 ,并与丙酮光敏化生成的自由基进行了比较。三者不同之处是 ,Trp和Tyr光电离分别生成氮中心的吲哚自由基和酚氧自由基 ;丙酮光敏化除生成上述自由基外 ,在敏化Trp光解体系还观察到Trp激发三重态 ,丙酮三重态与Phe没有作用 ;在SO· - 4单电子氧化体系 ,分别在Trp的吲哚环、Tyr的苯环上加成生成加成产物 ,其中Trp尤为显著 ;Phe的光电离与SO· - 4氧化体系结果一致。在二肽Trp Tyr的光电离和光敏化体系中观察到自由基的转变过程 ,Trp/N· Tyr→Trp Tyr/O·即分子内的电子转移过程 ;而SO· - 4单电子氧化体系没有观察到这种转变     

CH3OOH对大气OH自由基浓度水平的影响

甲基过氧化氢(CH₃OOH, MHP)是大气中各种碳氢化合物光化学反应过程生成的一种重要产物, 是大气中HO_x和RO_x等氧化性自由基的汇和储库分子. 为了研究MHP对大气OH自由基浓度水平的影响, 文中利用长光路Fourier变换红外光谱(LP-FTIR)技术, 在（293±2）K温度和1.01×10⁵Pa空气压力条件下, 采用光解O₃和水汽的方法产生OH自由基, 对MHP和OH自由基的气相反应进行了实验室模拟, 结合相对速率法测定了MHP和OH自由基反应的速率常数为k_MHP-OH = (3.99±0.15)×10^-12cm³·molecule^-1·s^-1, 估算出其大气寿命为3.6d; 同时研究了MHP的紫外光解反应, 对反应过程进行了详细的分析, 得到了OH自由基的产率为0.91±0.04. MHP的大气寿命和光解产生OH自由基的产率表明, MHP对于OH自由基在对流层大气中的再分配具有重要的作用.     

荧光分光光度法测定两种中药对羟基自由基的清除作用

Fe2 EDTA在弱碱性介质中还原溶解氧生成超氧阴离子自由基(O 2·),O 2·进一步歧化为H2O2和氧分子,之后Fe2 EDTA与H2O2反应生成羟基自由基(·OH).·OH进攻对苯二甲酸产生唯一的强荧光羟基化产物2 羟基对苯二甲酸(HOTP).·OH清除剂加入体系后,与对苯二甲酸竞争结合·OH,导致对苯二甲酸的羟基化产物HOTP的生成量减少,从而导致体系荧光强度明显降低.我们首次成功地将以上原理运用于中药对·OH清除作用的研究,并于实验中首次发现中药白头翁和半支莲可以清除·OH,两种中药对·OH的清除具有负协同效应,同时测定了它们对·OH的清除率分别为白头翁IC50=1.80×10-2mg/mL;半支莲IC50=1.76×10-2mg/mL.     

分光光度法测定中药对羟自由基的清除率

三苯甲烷碱性染料结晶紫在紫外有强烈吸收,它与·OH反应生成无色物质,使体系的吸光度降低.中药提取物可以清除溶液中的·OH,从而使溶液吸光度下降的程度降低.据此原理建立了一种测定中药对·OH清除率的新方法.确定了体系最佳实验条件为pH5.5,结晶紫浓度2.8×10-6mol·L-1,Fe2+浓度5×10-4mol·L-1,1%H2O2用量0.4mL,反应时间5min以上.测得天然银杏叶和其药剂舒血宁片清除·OH的效果,结果表明:(1)在0.6～3.6g L的浓度范围内,两者对羟自由基均有较好的清除率;(2)浓度相同时,前者对羟自由基的清除效果较好.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.