水溶液中异喹啉与羟基的作用机理

利用脉冲辐解技术对异喹啉水溶液与羟基的作用机理进行了详细研究,对其瞬态吸收峰进行了归属,初步考察了这些瞬态粒子的生成和衰减行为.研究表明,.OH与异喹啉在中性和碱性条件下反应生成羟基加合物,生成速率常数分别为3.4×109和6.6×109mol-1.dm3.s-1.在酸性条件下异喹啉先被质子化,再与羟基发生加成反应,反应速率常数为3.9×109mol-1.dm3.s-1,这为异喹啉的氧化降解提供了理论基础.     

O（^3p）原子与乙醚和异丙醚化学反应速率常数的测定

用流动放电-化学发光技术测定了O(~3p)原子与乙醚和异丙醚总包二级反应速率常数。反应速率常数与温度关系可表达为k_1=(1.91±0.70)×10~(-11)exp[-(2.14±0.16)kcal·mol~(-1)/RT]·cm~3·molec.~(-1)·s~(-1) [O(~3p) 乙醚] k_2=(3.25±0.80)×10~(-11)exp[-(2.57±0.20)kcal·mol~(-1)/RT]·cm~3·molec.~(-1)·s~(-1) [O(~3p) 异丙醚] 还讨论了醚分子中氧原子对α-位C—H键能及其反应活化能的影响。结果表明,氧原子使α位C—H键能减弱而降低了反应活化能。     

稀土钐离子与牛血清白蛋白相互作用研究

利用荧光光谱法研究了稀土钐离子(Sm~(3+))与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,探讨了不同pH值的缓冲溶液和不同钐离子浓度对BSA荧光强度的影响.通过改变钐离子标准溶液浓度范围,扫描Sm~(3+)与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光发射光谱,证实了稀土钐离子(Sm~(3+))对BSA的荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭.利用荧光猝灭的Stern-Volmer方程和静态猝灭公式线性拟合,求得反应的荧光猝灭过程速率常数K_q=4.12×10~(12) L·mol~(-1)·s~(-1),结合常数K_a=9.652×10~5 L·mol~(-1),结合数n=1.22.     

O(~3P)原子与环戊酮的二级反应速率常数测定

我们用流动微波放电—化学发光方法首次测定了O(~3p)原子与环戊酮分子在303—503K温度范围内的反应速率常数,反应速率常数与温度关系为k=3.79±1.41×10~(-11)exp(-18.6±1.5kJ·mol~(-1)/RT)cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1)O(~3p)原子由流动微波放电产生,利用检测其与NO反应生成NO_2~*的化学发光强度的方法来检测O(~3p)浓度。此外,还就这类反应速率常数与环形分子结构关系进行了讨论。     

Mo(Ⅵ)-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸-氯酸钠体系络合吸附催化波

提出了 Mo(VI)-HQSA(8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸)-ClO_3~-的络合吸附催化体系,灵敏度较高,Mo(VI)的测定下限为2×10~(-10)mol/L,并应用于水中痕量 Mo(VI)的测定.用多种电化学测试手段研究体系的性质和反应机理.实验表明为络合吸附催化波.恒电解法证明,电极反应电子数为1,是络合物中 Mo(VI)还原为 Mo(V).在经典极谱仪上,测得催化反应的速率常数 k_(25℃)为7.9×10~2mol~(-1)·L·s~(-1).     

HO_2与Cl反应机理及动力学性质的理论研究

揭示Cl对HO_2的消耗机制对改善大气环境质量具有指导作用,文中采用CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/6-311++G(2d,2p)计算方法研究了HO_2+Cl抽氢和抽氧反应机理.研究发现,该反应共有R1(~3O_2+HCl,路径1)、R2(~1O_2+HCl,路径2)和R3(ClO+OH,路径3和路径4)三条反应通道,其中路径1和路径3分别为抽氢和抽氧通道的优势路径.利用经典过渡态理论(TST)与变分过渡态理论(CVT)并结合小曲率隧道效应模型(SCT),分别计算了抽氢和抽氧通道主路径1与路径3在213～320 K温度范围的内k~(CVT/SCT)值.结果表明,在213～320 K温度范围内路径1的速率常数为4.69×10~(-11)～3.98×10~(-10) cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1),比路径3的速率常数高出了13～19个数量级,即路径1是HO_2+Cl反应进行的主通道,298 K时路径1的速率常数(6.27×10~(-11) cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1))与实验值(6.80×10~(-11) cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1))相吻合.此外,在213～320 K温度范围内,变分效应对路径1的速率常数影响较小,而隧道效应在低温段对路径1的速率常数有显著影响.     

理论研究水和甲酸催化甲胺与羟基自由基的反应

本文采用量子化学计算方法和变分过渡态理论研究了水或甲酸的催化作用下羟基自由基提取甲胺中甲基氢和氨基氢的反应机理和动力学.在MC-QCISD//MP2/6-311++G(d,p)理论水平下计算的势能面表明,水或甲酸催化作用下的过渡态形成了很强的氢键,提取甲基氢反应过渡态的相对能量从裸反应的0.72 kcal·mol~(-1)分别降低到-4.59和-9.78 kcal·mol~(-1);提取氨基氢的反应过渡态相对能量则从裸反应的-0.40 kcal·mol~(-1)分别降低到-2.25和-9.12 kcal·mol~(-1).然而,提取甲基氢的速控步的能垒却从5.93 kcal·mol~(-1)变为5.68和7.30 kcal·mol~(-1);提取氨基氢的能垒则从4.81 kcal·mol~(-1)增加到8.04 kcal·mol~(-1)和7.96 kcal·mol~(-1).但是,动力学计算表明298 K下水或甲酸催化下的反应速率常数分别比裸反应小3或2个数量级,而且考虑水或甲酸催化该反应前驱络合物的浓度后,计算得到的有效速率常数则分别降低6或8个数量级,因此水或甲酸均不能加速大气中甲胺与羟基的提氢反应.     

O（^3p）原子与丙酮和3.3—2甲基—2—丁酮化学反应动力学研究

用流动微波放电—化学发光方法测定O(~3p)原子与CH_3COCH_3和CH_3COC(CH_3)_3的化学反应速率常数k=3.37±1.00×10~(-12)exp(-7.03±0.22kcal.mol~(-1)/RT) (丙酮 0(~3p),T=373-503K)和k=4.61±2.60×10~(-11)exp(-5.46±0.44kcal·mol~(-1)/RT) (3.3-2甲基-2-丁酮 O(~3p),T=303-503K)并就测定的O(~3p)原子与一系列酮分子反应速率常数进行了讨论,估算了O(~3p)原子与各类C—H键反应速率的Arrhenius参数。发现与羰基相邻的C—H键与O(~3p)反应的活化能要略大于非相邻的同类键反应的活化能。还根据Evans-Polanyi关系式,对这些键的键能进行了讨论。     

O（^3p）原子和丙烯醇化学反应动力学研究

用流动放电—化学发光方法测定O(~3p)原子和丙烯醇分子化学反应速率常数.在293K—473K 范围内,反应速率常数的Arrhenius 形式为k=(6.41_(-0.61)~(+0.67))×10~(-11)exp[-(6.4±0.3)kJ·mol~(-1)/RT]cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1)并对该反应的反应机理进行了讨论.     

新显色剂5-(4-磺基-1-萘偶氮)-8-羟基喹啉与铜显色反应的研究与应用

本文研究了显色剂5-(4-磺基-1-萘偶氮)-8-羟基喹啉与铜显色反应的条件,结果表明:在pH=12.5的介质中,显色剂与铜生成了3:1黄色稳定配合物,利用褪色光度法,529nm=3.7×10~4L mol~(-1)cm~(-1),铜量在0—35μg/50mL范围内遵循比耳定律,方法选择性好,可用于铅合金中铜含量的测定。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.