PET/PTT复合纤维工艺性能研究

分别测试与分析了3种不同比例PET／PTT复合纤维的热收缩性能、卷曲性能和拉伸弹性．测试结果比较得出，40／60纤维具有较大的热收缩率，50／50纤雏具有较好的卷曲率、卷曲牢度和拉伸弹性回复性能．     

PBT/PET复合纤维的结构特征与热收缩率表征

利用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜观察分析了PBT/PET复合纤维的截面与双边分布特征,并由此表征了PBT和PET的内外侧分布与卷曲形态.采用DSC热分析技术测量了该复合纤维的结晶度,并根据热湿收缩试验讨论了其与纤维热收缩的关系.     

确定PTT/PET并列复合纤维卷曲结构的材料参数

通过实测3种不同横截面形状的PTT(聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯)/PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)自卷曲纤维的拉伸曲线和两组分在横截面中的面积分布,得到PTT和PET两组分材料的弹性模量比为0.333.由Denton的曲率计算模型推导得到3种特殊截面的自卷曲纤维的曲率表达式,结合实测的卷曲曲率,求得PTT和PET两组分的热收缩率差是在7%～10%之间.最后,用数值模拟方法考查了这3种横截面的自卷曲纤维的卷曲曲率随着两组分收缩率差、弹性模量比的变化关系,得到不同横截面形状及材料参数对PTT/PET自卷曲纤维卷曲曲率的影响.     

Studies on the Structures and Properties of Latent - crimp Copolyestcr Fibers

The internal causes of latent-crimp were analyzed bystudying the supermolecular structures of the standardpolyester fibers(PET),copolyester fibers(IPET)andtheir side-by-side composite fibers(PET/IPET)inthis paper.It is concluded that IPET and PET/IPEThave better latent-crimp ability because of their asym-metric supermolecular structures.At the same time,they have good dyeability and mechanical properties.Soit is a simple and low cost process to manufacture latent-crimp continuous fibers by melt-spinning of the co-polyester IPET.     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电复合纤维的制备

先将涤纶纤维在苯胺溶液中预浸泡,然后进行处理,再将纤维置于氧化剂的酸溶液中使苯胺在纤维上氧化聚合,同时进行掺杂制得聚苯胺/涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了苯胺单体含量、掺杂酸浓度、氧化剂浓度、反应温度及时间对纤维导电性能的影响。实验表明,采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的导电性能,电导率达10~(-2)S/cm数量级。     

STUDIES ON THE CRIMP BEHAVIOR OF SIDE-BY-SIDE BICOMPONENT POLYAMIDE FIBERS

The supermolecular structure and mechanical properties as well as the crimp behavior of theside-by-side polyamide (PA 66-C710) fibers are studied by means of density gradient method,sonic measurement,X-ray,diffractometry,differential scanning calorimetry,crimp tester etc.fortheir as-spun fibers,drawn fibers,and boiling-water treated fibers.The effects of the processingand treatment conditions on the formation of the supermolecular structure and the crimp behaviorof the fibers are investigated and discussed in detail,also the crimp mechanism of the side-by-sidebicomponent fibers is proposed.From these results,it is shown that by adopting suitable spinningfinish,reasonable processing technology and optimal heat treatment conditions the side-by-sidebicomponent polyamide fibers with excellent crimp property,close to that of nylon texturizedstretch yarns,can be obtained.     

蒙脱土改性PET纤维性能

采用熔融插层法制备聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）/蒙脱土（MMT）纳米复合材料,对其纤维的结晶性能、力学性能及染色性能进行详细研究.结果表明,与纯PET纤维相比,蒙脱土改性PET纤维具有较高的模量和较低的收缩率,改性纤维的上染率亦有明显提高.含磺酸基团改性的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（CDP）/MMT纤维的上染率和上染速率大于PET/MMT纤维,表明蒙脱土和聚合物中的离子基团对促进PET纤维的染色性能有协同作用.     

热处理对共聚酯复合纤维性能的影响

着重讨论了热处理对共聚酯复合纤维性能的影响,同时还对它的超分子结构和纤维形态进行了探讨。结果表明,共聚酯复合冷拉伸纤维较其热拉伸和聚酯纤维有高的热收缩率和潜在卷曲性,但强度略低,伸长稍大。经过热处理,共聚酯复合纤维及其加弹丝将呈现出极好的三维卷曲形态和卷曲性能,且热收缩率、卷曲度和卷曲弹性率均随热处理温度提高而增大,断裂强度下降,伸长变大,其强度下降程度和伸长增长率均比聚酯纤维大。     

共聚酯的非等温结晶动力学研究

应用差示扫描量热法(DSC),研究了含有间苯二甲酸乙二酯(EI)的共聚酯(PEIT)的非等温结晶动力学,得到了不同间苯含量(A_1相似文献   

常压阳离子染料易染共聚酯纤维微观结构与性能

采用红外光谱分析和X射线衍射法,表征常压阳离子染料易染共聚酯(ECDP)纤维的微观结构,并通过测试ECDP纤维和聚酯(PET)纤维的拉伸性能、吸湿性能和导电性能,探讨了微观结构对纤维性能的影响.结果表明:ECDP纤维中第三组分间苯二甲酸5磺酸钠的加入使结晶度减小,因此,断裂强度和初始模量比PET纤维小,而断裂伸长率有所增加,回潮率较大,体积比电阻较小.     

图像法测定羊毛卷曲度

设计了一个测试系统,研究了采用图像分析技术对羊毛纤维的两维卷曲进行测量的方法,提出了羊毛卷曲的定量指标——卷曲曲率半径,采用切比雪夫曲线拟合的方法构造羊毛卷曲的数学模型,研究了不同测试长度下羊毛卷曲曲率半径的变化,分析了测试长度对测试结果的影响.实测表明,该系统具有较好的可行性.     

集束PBO纤维增强UHPC性能的研究

钢纤维和PVA纤维是UHPC常用的增强纤维。但是,钢纤维易腐蚀,且容易扎伤人。PVA纤维力学强度不高,限制了其应用。采用集束PBO纤维增强UHPC,考察其流动度、力学强度和收缩性能,并与钢纤维-UHPC、PVA纤维-UHPC进行比较。结果显示集束PBO纤维增强UHPC的综合性能优于PVA纤维增强UHPC,且掺量为2%(体积百分比)时,集束PBO纤维增强UHPC的抗弯性能和收缩性能与钢纤维增强UHPC相当,抗压强度则低20%。     

Hydrolysis-resistant Polyethylene Terephthalate （PET） Fiber

For certain industrial applications, the mechanical properties of PET fiber can be deteriorated from hydrolysis because the terminal carboxylic groups promote the degradation of macromolecules under high moisture and high temperature. It limits the wide applications of PET fiber in some special cases. In this paper, three additives are selected to improve the hydrolytic stability through the reaction of bi-functional groups on additive molecules with carboxyl groups on PET molecules. The additives can serve not only as hydrolysis stabilizers, but also as agents to increase the molecular weight and consequently to improve PET fiber mechanical properties. PET pellets were blended with additive before spinning, and melt spun into fiber. The fibers were then hydrolyzed in an autoclave by saturated vapor at 140℃ for a period of time. Measurements of intrinsic viscosity, terminal carboxylic group value and strength of polyester fibers were carried out to study the effects of hydrolysis resistance. Results show that 2, 2＇-bis （2-oxazoline） has best hydrolysis-resistibility and the chainextension effect at the same time.     

木棉/三维卷曲中空涤纶复合浮力材料的探讨

探讨以木棉／三维卷曲中空涤纶混配复合材料作为救生衣浮力材料．通过定应力循环压缩实验、包覆材料破损条件下的浮力实验，分析复合浮力材料结构参数如材料细度、混梳比例等对其浮力的影响，得到纤维细度是影响浮力材料性能的重要因素．为研发新型浮力材料提供依据。     

Study on the Process Technology of PA6/PET Bicomponent Fiber

PA6/PET bicomponent fiber at different spinning speeds were produced. Influences of cross blowing, spinning speed, PA6 and PET component ratio, drawing condition etc. on the mechanical properties, heat shrinkage, orientation and crystallization of the fiber were investigated. Also the rules among these influencing parameters were obtained. The splitting property of the fiber and its influence on the textile processing are discussed, which offers a base for the production of PA6/ PET bicomponent fiber using splitting technology.     

Study on the Structure and Properties of Polynosic Fiber Treated by Alkali

The regenerated cellulose fibers, made from wood pulp, have excellent physical properties like cotton fiber. Especially polynosic fibers can be mercerized by alkali, but conventional Viscose fiber can not be treated or mercerized by alkali. The paper studies on behavior of polynosic fibers treated by alkali, including physical properties, such as weight loss, tensile strength and elongation, and fiber structures properties. In this paper, on the basis of study on polynosic fibers treated by alkali, the conclusions were drawn as following. Firstly, polynosic fiber is good at alkali resistance. Secondly, the changes of fiber structure and physical properties begin declining at 5 wt% NaOH concentration and reverse changes take place at 10 wt%.     

后处理对聚丙烯中空纤维膜性能的影响

采用熔融挤出拉伸法制备了聚丙烯中空纤维膜，详细探讨了中空纤维的机械性能，尤其是各种条件对其弹性恢复性能的影响，研究发现后处理(热处理条件和牵伸比)对膜材料的孔隙率，平均孔径和气体的穿透性能有很大的影响，采用片晶和微纤模型可以很好地解释中空纤维膜的实验现象和成孔机理。     

Influence of Thermal Treatment on the Structure and Thermal Properties of Kaolin Modified Polyester Fibers

Modified polyester fibers were obtained using 2% and 6% of kaolin blends through melt spinning.The influences of two thermal treatments maintaining the original tension(180 ℃×2 min and 200 ℃×1 min)on the structure and properties of fiber were compared.The changes of grain size and crystallinity of fiber were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The changes of thermal properties of fibers were analyzed using dynamic mechanical analyzer(DMA).The results show that the crystalline structure of kaolin modified polyester fiber doesn't change with the thermal treatment.With the kaolin content increasing,the grain size of fiber changed.The higher the thermal treatment temperature is,the higher the crystallinity of fiber is.There are two glass-transition temperatures for kaolin modified:the lower one is the glass-transition temperature of polyester fiber matrix,and the higher one is derived from the heterogeneous blend of polyester matrix and nano kaolin.The higher the kaolin content is,the higher the glass-transition temperature is.Thermal treatment could increase the compatibility of polyester matrix and nano kaolin.There was only one glass-transition temperature for the thermal treatment fiber,and the heat resistance of fiber was improved.Thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry(TGA-DSC)results of kaolin modified polyethylene terephthalate(PET)matrix indicate that the decomposition temperature of PET fibers,kaolin modified PET fibers,and thermal treated fibers were little different within 40%-60% of weight loss rate range.     

用于贮存核废料混凝土断裂能的影响因素分析

为确保核废料贮存的长期耐久性,参照国际材料与结构联合会标准(RILEM),分别在常温和受热150℃后,对混杂纤维混凝土和素高强混凝土进行三点弯曲试验.结果表明:1)受热前,纤维混凝土的断裂能为素高强混凝土SP-13的6.3~12.0倍;受热后,为其12.0~16.7倍;2)大尺寸钢纤维A和C对混凝土能量吸收方面的作用优于小尺寸钢纤维B和聚丙烯纤维;钢纤维C(剪切压痕型)对混凝土断裂能的改善效果优于钢纤维A(剪切螺纹型)和钢纤维B(超短超细型);3)综合利用弯曲韧性指标以及断裂能极差、方差对比分析,钢纤维A和C适用于核废料混凝土容器材料.     

Effects of Process Technology on Structure and Properties of HMLS Fibers

High modulus low shrinkage (HMLS) fibers have been prepared by using higher viscosity PET chips. The effects of the process conditions on their structure and properties have been studied by various testing techniques. The results show that the suitable spuming speed for preparing of HMLS fibers is 2 000 - 2 800 m/ min. With the increase of the spinning speed, the density, crystallinity, and birefringence of the initial fibers increase obviously, but the shrinkage ratio decreases rapidly. The effects of process technology on properties of the HMLS fibers have also been discussed.