单流生灭过程和环流量

本文考虑定义在完备概率空间(Ω、(?),P)上的生灭过程x(t,ω),t≥0,ω∈Ω,其相空间为E=0,1,2,…,转移概率矩阵(P_(ij)(t))(i,j∈E,t≥0)是标准的,并且其Q矩阵是     

缠结对超高分子量聚丙烯腈特性粘度测定的影响

在以粘度法测定超高分子量聚丙烯腈(Ultra-High Molecular WeightPOlyacrylonitrile,以下简称UHMWPAN)分子量时发现,在溶解完全的用于测定特性粘度的UHMWPAN二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)稀溶液中,大分子链间保留着未被溶剂舒解的“天生缠结”(Inborn Entanglement),使所测特性粘度和表观分子量偏大.天生缠结是高聚物在聚合过程产生,它在稀溶液中保留的数量受到溶解和溶液处理条件等因素影响,通过机械剪切,可在无机械降解状态下完全解除大分子链间的天生缠结,得到没有缠结影响的正确特性粘度和分子量,由此确立UHMWPAN特性粘度测定方法.     

纤维素溶液的动态流变性质

纤维素／甲基吗啉氧化物溶液的动态流变性能对Lyocell纺丝工艺有着重要的参考价值,尤其是不同纤维素溶液的动态流变性能有很大差异,运用流变学的方法得到了表征纤维素溶液的一些特征值,从而获得不同的纤维素的相对分子质量、相对分子质量分布和纤维素溶液的粘弹性。     

紫外辐照表面接枝纤维的表征

本文通过电子能谱法,全反射红外光谱法、纤维染色性能和吸湿性能的测定,纤维与环氧树脂粘结后拔出力的测试等表征了经紫外辐照表面接枝的高强高模聚乙烯纤维和高强聚酯纤维的表面接枝程度,这些实验结果同时也肯定了紫外辐照接枝纤维的表面性能得到了很好的改善。     

聚碳酸酯/超支化不饱和聚酯酰胺流动性能及力学性能研究

研究了聚碳酸酯/超支化不饱和聚酯酰胺(PC/HUPEA)共混物的流动性能及力学性能与组成之间的关系,结果表明HUPEA能显著改善聚碳酸酯的流动性,对聚碳酸酯的力学性能也有影响.在0%～1.0%质量分数范围内,共混物拉伸模量和冲击强度随HUPEA的质量分数增加而下降;HUPEA的质量分数为0.43%时,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率都有最大值,而屈服强度最小.     

Study on Extrusion Pressure'''' s Fluctuation when Acrylic Dope Extruded from the Capillary

When acrylic dope ( polyacrylonitrile-sodium thiocya-nate aqueous solution system) is extruded from a capillary, the fluctuation phenomenon in the extrusion pressure is discovered. The influences of extrusion shear rate, temperature and ratio of length to diameter of capillary on this phenomenon are investigated. It is shown that the dope sample recovers its elastic deformation partially during the course of its flowing through the capillary , and this part of elasticity energy is dissipated in the form of the heat produced by viscous resistance. And the heat in turn makes changes in the sample's elasticity, finally leads to the occurrence of pressure' s fluctuation.     

计算机模拟计算烷烃分子的构象

根据Flory理论,通过计算机编程计算能量随二面角的变化曲线,且将3个丁烷分子的能量曲线进行比较来分析2-甲基丁烷、2-氰基丁烷的分子结构。发现2-氰基丁烷与2-甲基丁烷随二面角变化有相似的构象转变,在60°处的能量较高,导致优势构象向低角度方向偏移。且2-氰基丁烷的能量和2-甲基丁烷的能量相近,但在—180°～0°的范围内,它们的能量差别比在0°～180°时略大。因此,2-氰基丁烷与2-甲基丁烷在二面角为120°即g式时构象能为偏小和5°即t式时的构象能为最小。     

Swelling Behaviors of Polyaniline-Poly（Acrylic Acid） Hydrogels

Using poly（acrylic acid） （PAA） aqueous solution, NaOH aqueous solution, aniline （An） and ammonium persulfate （APS）, PAn-PAA hydrogels with a semi-interpenetrating structure connected by physical interlocks, chemical ion bonds and hydrogen bonds were prepared. The swelling properties of the hydrogels in solutions of different pH values （adjusted by adding NaOH or HCI） were studied. All the hydrogels prepared have similar swelling curves （the curves of equilibrium swelling ratio vs. pH value） and reach their maximum swelling at pH of 8 - 10. The maximum swelling ratio of the hydrogels is dependent on composition, including molecular weight of PAA, polymer content of the hydrogel, and molar ratios of AA to An, APS to An, and NaOH to AA, And the compositional dependence of the swelling capacity of PAn-PAA hydrogels was also studied.     

Measurement of Crystallinity of Acrylic Copolymer by Swelling Differential Scanning Calorimetry

In this paper the measurement of crystallinity(C)ofacrylic copolymer(PAC),by Swelling Differential Scan-ning Calorimetry(SDSC)is discussed.Common DSC isonly used for measuring the crystallinity of polymers withmelting point,(T_m),below their decomposition temper-ature,(T_d).As temperature rises,polymers with swell-ing agent added become swollen and dissolved,goingthrough whole process of breaking solid structures.Thus,SDSC makes it possible to measure the crystallini-ty of polymers even with T_d below T_m.But the C mea-sured by WAXD and the total endothermal melting(swelling)heat in SDSC thermograms,(△H_l),are notlinearly correlated.It has been found that,instead of the△H_l,△H_l'obtained from the △H_l by subtracting the en-dothermal heat,△H_l,and the C measured by WAXDare linearly correlated.On the basis of this linear rela-tion,the unknown C of another PAC sample is measuredby SDSC.The result is in good accordance with thatmeasured by WAXD.     

Surface Graft Polymerization of PET and PE Fibers by UV Irradiation and Their Characteristics

Polyethylene terephthalate(PET)and polyethylene(PE)fibers were surface photo-grafted with acrylic acid(AA)by using UV irradiation photochemical initiationduring a continuous winding process within 1-2 min-utes.The grafted fibers were characterized by measure-ments of dye uptaking,moisture regain,pull-out forcesof monofilament from cured matrix,as well as by analy-sis of ESCA and ATR-FTIR spectra.All these resultsconfirm that the surface behavior of the UV-irradiationgrafted fibers was greatly improved.It was also provedthat the original excellent mechanical properties of the fi-bers were well-retained after the surface grafting treat-ment.