转蔗糖: 蔗糖-1-果糖基转移酶基因提高烟草的耐旱性

蔗糖: 蔗糖-1-果糖基转移酶（sucrose: sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase, 1-SST）以蔗糖为底物催化生成蔗果三糖等低聚合度的果聚糖.将从莴苣中克隆的1-SST基因重组到pCAMBIA1300-als中，构建了在CaMV 35S启动子调控下的植物表达载体，利用农杆菌介导的叶盘转化法将1-SST基因导入烟草中，PCR和Southern杂交检测表明获得了转基因植株，RT-PCR结果表明该基因在烟草中正常表达. 对T₀代转基因烟草进行的耐旱性分析结果表明，干旱胁迫6d的转基因植株丙二醛含量和电解质渗漏率显著低于未转基因对照，叶片相对含水量下降速度也明显比对照慢. 对转基因植株叶片糖分分析表明，转基因烟草植株积累果聚糖，并在干旱胁迫后含量明显增加，而未转基因对照植株不积累果聚糖. 在14%PEG溶液中未转基因烟草种子的萌发率仅为转基因烟草种子的一半；在附加200mmol/L甘露醇的培养基中未转基因烟草种子根的生长明显受到抑制，而转基因烟草根的生长发育正常. 以上研究结果表明，转1-SST基因烟草植株耐旱性的提高可能与该基因的表达有关.     

pap和ipt共表达与提高转基因烟草抗病性的初步研究

通过构建pap与ipt共表达的双元载体,利用农杆菌介导,将pap与ipt共表达基因导入烟草K326品种的叶肉细胞,经过抗性筛选和鉴定,获得高表达的转基因植株,并对其进行了攻毒实验.结果表明:pap与ipt共表达基因转化烟草的转化率明显提高(25%),证实转基因细胞中ipt基因表达可降低PAP细胞毒性;接种烟草花叶病毒(TMV)后,pap高表达的转基因植株出现病症的时间延迟20 d,叶片失绿程度较轻,表明该转基因植株对病毒的抗性有一定程度的提高.     

H5N1型禽流感病毒HA基因在烟草中的表达

禽流感病毒H5N1是可以直接感染人类的甲型流感病毒,发展植物源口服疫苗是疫苗研究的方向之一.本研究通过农杆菌介导的方法将禽流感病毒H5N1的HA基因转化烟草.共获得38株潮霉素抗性植株,经PCR和Southern-blotting检测,目的基因已整合到转基因植株的基因组中.Western-dotting检测结果表明,目的基因在转基因烟草中得到表达,具有免疫原性,获得了能够表达HA基因的植物口服疫苗候选植株.     

转番茄蛋白酶抑制剂Ⅱ基因烟草植株的培育及其抗虫特性分析

将分离的番茄蛋白酶抑制剂Ⅱ基因cDNA序列tin2和含有一个109bp内含子的基因组DNA序列tin2i,分别构建成植物表达载体pBCT2和pBT2.然后通过农杆菌介导转化烟草叶片外植体,获得了两类转基因烟草植株.分子生物学检测和胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性分析结果表明,tin2序列和tin2i序列都能够在转基因烟草中正确表达.抗虫活性检测结果显示,转tin2i序列的烟草植株的抗虫活性高于转tin2序列的烟草植株,推测这可能与tin2i序列中内含子的存在有关.     

TaNHX2基因植物表达载体的构建及在烟草中的表达

将TaNHX2基因重组于质粒pBIN438的CaMV 35S启动子下游,构建含TaNHX2基因的植物双元表达载体pBIN438-TaNHX2.采用农杆菌介导转化烟草(Nicotiana tobacum L.),获得含TaNHX2的转基因烟草植株.经PCR、RT-PCR分析表明,TaNHX2基因已整合到烟草中,并且得到表达.耐盐分析表明,外源基因TaNHX2提高了转基因植株的耐盐性.     

丙型肝炎病毒E2基因在转基因番茄植株中的表达

以T-E1E2为模板扩增得到丙型肝炎病毒包膜蛋白基因E2,构建该基因的植物表达载体p35s-E2．通过农杆菌介导的叶盘法转化番茄子叶．转基因番茄植株叶片总DNA的PCR、Southern blot检测结果表明,E2基因已整合进了转基因番茄植株基因组中;RT-PCR,Western blot分析证实E2基因在转基因番茄植株叶片中表达．     

抗膀胱癌单链抗体基因在烟草中的表达

以抗膀胱癌单链抗体（ｓｃＦＶ）基因为目的基因,构建植物表达载体,转化烟草,研究医用治疗性工程抗体基因在植物中的表达,结果表明,经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交鉴定出的转基因植株,叶片提取物的蛋白电泳有特异带出现,其分子量约为２７ｋｕ,同预期的单链抗体分子量一致,表达量最一株,抗体含量占可溶性蛋白的１．４％,竞争性抑制ＥＬＩＳＡ测定结果显示,该抗体有抗原结合活性。     

转基因烟草的pap基因表达及其抗病毒生理的初步研究

农杆菌介导将美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白基因(pap)导入烟草云烟87品种的叶肉细胞,经过抗性筛选和鉴定,获得转基因植株.利用RT-半定量法分析了Y1、Y2和Y3转基因株系的pap表达,以及攻毒前后叶片多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧物歧化酶(SOD)活性和可溶性蛋白质含量.结果表明:pap在Y1和Y2植株中表达,Y3植株中未检测到pap表达;攻毒后,Y1和Y2叶片中可溶性蛋白质含量、PPO和SOD活性较高,而Y3叶片中可溶性蛋白质含量、PPO和SOD活性在三者中最低,与对照相似.讨论了转基因植株中pap表达与其生理变化和病毒抗性的关系.     

高山离子芥CbPLDβ基因对转基因烟草抗寒性的影响

为分析高山离子芥CbPLDβ基因的抗寒性价值,本实验构建了高山离子芥CbPLDβ的表达载体PBI121-CbPLDβ并转化烟草,经过筛选及PCR测序鉴定,获得转基因烟草植株.通过低温胁迫实验,分析了转基因烟草的抗寒性,结果表明:外源基因已经整合到烟草基因组中,在低温胁迫下转基因烟草植株的电解质渗透率普遍低于野生型烟草,而游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量均高于野生型烟草,说明CbPLDβ基因提高了烟草抵抗低温的能力.     

RNA干扰降低烟草植株中内源生长素水平

PCR扩增利用吲哚乙酰胺水解酶基因(iaaH)全长序列,构建iaaH基因序列正、反向连接的的双元载体,通过农杆菌LBA4404介导,转化携带pTiC58 T-DNA的烟草叶片,获得携带正、反向iaaH序列的转基因植株.ELISA分析生长素的结果表明,转基因植物叶片的内源生长素含量明显降低,仅为pTiC58 T-DNA转化植株的56%,说明转基因烟草中发生iaaH基因转录后沉默,为利用该基因序列启动RNA干扰(RNAi),抑制冠瘿瘤病发生提供了实验依据.     

Co-transformation to tobacco of Cre/lox site-specific recombination system and its precise recombination

For the temporally and spatially regulated expression of the barnase gene in plant,two kinds of plasmids with cre gene and its directly repeat recognition sites lox from bacteriophage P1 were constructed and co-transformed into tobacco by agrobacterium mediated procedure.The transgenic plants were conformed by PCR analysis.The blocking fragment between the two lox directly repeat sites was excised by Cre protein in the transgenic plant genome.Cloning and sequencing the DNA fragment from the co-transformed plant DNA showed that the precise DNA excision occurred in transgenic tobacco genome directed by Cre/lox site-specific recombination.     

Obtaining High Pest-resistant Tobacco Plants Carrying B.t. insecticidal Gene

To increase the expression level of CryIA(c) gene in transgenic plants, a plant expression vector pBinMoBc carrying the CryIA(c) gene under control of chimeric OM promoter and Ω factor was constructed. As a control, pBinoBc carrying the CryIA(c) gene with the CaMV 35S promoter was also constructed. The vectors were transferred into tobacco plants respectively via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. ELISA assay showed that the expression level of the CryIA(c) gene in pBinMoBc transgenic tobacco plants was 2.44-times that in pBinoBc transgenic tobacco plants, and it could be up to 0.255% of total soluble proteins. Bioassay showed that pBinMoBc transgenic tobacco plants had more notable insecticidal effect than pBinoBc transgenic tobacco plants. The above results showed that the chimeric OM promoter was a stronger promoter than CaMV 35S promoter that was widely used in plant genetic engineering, and this is very useful in pest-resistant plant genetic engineering.     

苜蓿花叶病毒复制酶基因全长cDNA植物表达载体的构建和对烟草的转化

将苜蓿花叶病毒中国分离株(Alfalfa mosaic virus Chinese isolate，A1MV-Ch)的复制酶P2亚基(90 kD蛋白)基因的全长cDNA构建到植物表达载体pROKⅡ中，得到重组植物表达载体pAIMV-FL．用三亲融合法导入农杆菌LBA4404，并转化烟草，经PCR检测，获得了含全长cDNA的转基因烟草植抹．     

线粒体定位序列介导的绿色荧光蛋白基因在烟草中表达的分析

由于绿色荧光蛋白可在活组织或细胞中直接检出 ,因而近年已在转基因植物的研究中用作报告基因 ,这样可在植物生长的任何阶段进行活体筛选和鉴定。本研究利用线粒体定位序列对改良 gfp基因在转基因烟草中的表达进行了观察 ,结果表明 :将GFP直接在细胞质中大量表达会对植物细胞产生毒性 ,从而影响植物细胞的分化 ,而将其定位在线粒体中 ,则从转化细胞产生植株的频率明显增高。     

Co-transformation to tobacco of Cre/lox site-specific recombination system and its precise recombination

For the temporally and spatially regulated expression of the barnase gene in plant, two kinds of plasmids with cre gene and its directly repeat recognition sitesiox from bacteriophage P1 were constructed and co-transformed into tobacco by agrobacterium mediated procedure. The transgenic plants were conformed by PCR analysis. The blocking fragment between the twolox directly repeat sites was excised by Cre protein in the transgenic plant genome. Cloning and sequencing the DNA fragment from the co-transformed plant DNA showed that the precise DNA excision occurred in transgenic tobacco genome directed by Cre/lox site-specific recombination.     

转乙肝病毒表面抗原基因烟草发根的获得

构建了乙肝病毒表面抗原基因（HBsAg）植物表达载体,通过冻融法将HBsAg 基因转入到发根农杆菌LBA1314中,采用叶盘法将HBsAg基因导入到烟草中,获得了转基因烟草发根.对转基因烟草发根的GUS检测结果表明：转HBsAg基因烟草发根可以染成蓝色,而非转基因烟草的根没有染色反应.这说明gus基因在转HBsAg基因烟草发根获得了表达.     

Function of resveratrol derived from transgenic plant expressing resveratrol synthase gene

Two genes from grapevine coding for resveratrol synthase, named RS1 and RS2, were cloned by RT-PCR. AnEscherichia coli expression vector was constructed by insertion of RS1 into pBV221. A specific protein with the same molecular weight (42 ku) as the resveratrol synthase was expressed and used to prepare the rabbit antiserum. A plant expression vector was constructed by inserting the RS1 gene into pBin438 downstream of the doubled CaMV 35S promoter and TMV-Ω fragment. PCR-positive transgenic tobacco plants were obtained after transformation withAgrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 harboring the plant expression vector. Southern blot analysis demonstrated that the foreign gene was integrated into the tobacco genome. The results of RT-PCR and Western blot indicated that the RS1 gene was transcribed and expressed. Formation of resveratrol in transgenic tobacco was further determined by thin-layer chromatography of silica gel and HPLC. Increased accumulation of human breast adenocarcinoma cells in G₀ and G₁ phases of cell cycle was observed in cells treated with resveratrol purified from transgenic tobacco as compared to the untreated cells.     

Expression of two insect-resistant genes crylA ( b&c )/GNA in transgenic tobacco plants results in added protection against both cotton bollworm and aphids

The synthesized Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein gene crylA(b&c) and the synthesized gene GNA, (the mannose specific lectin from snowdrop ( Galanthus nivalis)), tumefaciens have been inserted into plant expression vector pGW4BAI. Leave stripes of Nico-tiana tabacum var. K326 have been transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring the plant expression vector. 28 kanamycin resistant tobacco plants have been obtained. PCR and Southern blot analyses show that the foreign crylA and GNA genes have been inserted into the genome of transformed tobacco plants. Haemagglutination assays show that GNA has a functional activity. Leaf disc bioassays against cotton bollworm ( H. armigera) show that the transgenic tobacco plants have a high insecticidal activity. The inhibition of aphid population in leaf disc bioassays against Myzus persicae shows that the fecundity of aphid on transgenic plants is lower than that on untransformed plants; the aphid population on the transgenic tobacco plants is 25%-70% that on untransformed tobacco plants. ELISA analysis of CrylA protein in tobcco leaves provides similar data to bioassay results. Through the two bioassays against H. armigera and M. persicae, several transgenic tobacco plants showing high insect-resistant activities to both pests have been obtained.     

Transgenic tobacco plants harboring tomato proteinase inhibitor II gene and their insect resistance

The plant expression vectors pBCT2 and pBT2 were constructed with the cDNA sequence (tin2) and genomic DNA sequence (tin2i) of tomato proteinase inhibitor II gene respectively. Then the two expression vectors were transferred into tobacco via the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404, and transgenic tobacco plants were generated. Molecular analysis and trypsin activity assay showed that both cDNA and genomic DNA were expressed properly in the transgenic plants. Insecticidal activities in these transgenic plants indicated that transgenic tobacco plants carrying tin2i sequence were more resistant to 2-instar larvae of Heliothis armigera Hubner than those carrying tin2 sequence. Therefore the intron of tin2i sequence might be a contributor to insecticidal activity of the transgenic tobacco.